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Syrup

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8 views

Syrup

Uploaded by

nadeemhamza919
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Syrup

3rd semester
Morning
Wajiha Naveed, Hira, Ayesha jabbar,
kainat, kainat riaz
SYRUP
Conc. Aqueous solution of sugar with or without
FLAVOURING AGENT and MEDICINAL AGENT

TYPES
Non-Medicated Syrup
which contain flavouring agent but no medicinal agent.
It work as a flavouring vehicle like orange and cherry syrup.

Medicated syrup
which have a medicinal agent and have a therapeutic purpose.
COMPONENTS OF SYRUP
Medicinal Agent
Purified water
Flavouring agent
Colouring agent
Preservative
Sweetening agent
Sugar and Non-Sugar based syrups
Non-
Sugar
Sugar
syrups
syrups

sucrose Glycogeneti Non-


c agent glycogenetic
• Sorbitol agent
stabilit • Methyl
• glycerin
Sweeteni y cellulose
viscosit • Hydroxymethy
ng agent A sol. containing
y l cellulose
60-80% sugar
act as a For diabetic
preservative patients
against microbial
attack

Example
NF syrup contain
85% sugar.
Preservative
A substance that protect it from microbial attack and environmental effects

Amount of preservative

It depend upon
• Water used
• Flavouring agent (bcz they have sterile nature) like castor oil, vinegar , citric
acid

Example
Benzoic acid 0.1- 0.2%
Sodium benzoate 0.1 – 0.2%
Alcohol 15 – 20%
Flavourants
A substance which give flavour to preparation
Natural flavourants
Vanillin, essential oils, camphor, cinnamic acid

Synthetic flavourants
Allylpyraine, aldehyde, methoxyparazine

Colourant
A substance used to give colour to preparation
A colour used should correlate with flavour like
Green for mint
Brown for chocolate
Methods of preparation
Syrups cab be prepared by 4 different methods

• With the aid of heat


• Agitation method
• Addition of sugar to a medicated liquid
• Percolation method
With the aid of heat

water
Other
sugar components

water

Coolin
g
Heat
With the aid of heat
Benefits
• It is quick process.
• It is suitable for non flammable and heat resistance substances
Drawbacks
Applying heat can result into following reactions
hydrolysis
sucro Monosaccharides,
se fructose, glycerine

2 inversion Inverted
Monosaccharide
sugar
s,
• This inverted sugar is much sweeter than sucrose .
• Moreover, the effect of heat on fructose result in brown colour of
preparation.
• Hydrolyzed solution is more susceptible to microbial attack.
Agitation process

suga Other agitation


r ingredients

wate
r

Drawback
It is a time consuming process
Addition of sugar to medicated syrup
In this method sugars are added in medicinal syrups like tinctures and
fluidextract

Tincture are conc. Liquid Fluidextracts are conc.


extract of herbs obtained Liquid preparations obtained
by soaking them in ethanol by extracting active
or vinegar principal from plants using
ethanol, water or glycerin
Tincture

Desired alcohol soluble Undesirable alcohol


constituents soluble constituents

Remove by dissolving it in
Make them water water and separating the
soluble by alcohol soluble constituents by
emulsification or filtration. The remaining filtrate
solubilization contain only water soluble
constituents

Then sucrose is added Then sucrose is added in


in it to form syrup that filtrate to form syrup
Percolation method
Percolation is the method of extraction that involves slowly passing of solvent
through a solid material to remove soluble constituents

• Firstly, a medicinal components are extracted from the source by percolation


• Then sugar is added in it to form syrup.

Example
Ipecac syrup (prepared by adding glycerine and non-medicated syrup to extract
which has been obtained by percolation through ipecac powder with hydroalcoholic
solvent)

Uses
It contain alkaloids like emetine, cephaeline which are used for management of
poisoning in children through vomiting.

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