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Types N History of Fertilizer

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Sakib Ahmed Tanzid
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25 views50 pages

Types N History of Fertilizer

Uploaded by

Sakib Ahmed Tanzid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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FERTILIZER

What we discuss?
 Introduction and Definition
 Brief history
 Why we use it?
 Organic amendments
 Soil condition of Bangladesh
 Need of fertilizers
 Different synthetic fertilizers in
Bangladesh
 Different organic fertilizers in
Bangladesh
 What we do?
Introduction
The term fertilizer refers to any
substance, which supply one or
more of the mineral element
essential for plant growth.
Definition
Fertilizer is any organic or
inorganic material of natural or
synthetic origin that is added to a
soil to supply one or more plant
nutrients essential to the growth of
plants.

Organic fertilizer
Inorganic fertilizer
Conti…

A recent assessment found that


about 40 to 60% of crop yields are
attributable to commercial fertilizer
use.
History
In Neolithic (New Stone Age,
beginning about 9500 BC) man
probably used fertilizers.

The first fertilizer produced by


chemical processes was ordinary
super phosphate made early in the
19th century.
Conti…
The Potash fertilizer industry started
in Germany in 1861.

The first synthetic Nitrogen fertilizer


was calcium nitrate, made in 1903

The synthetic ammonia available


after 1913
Why we use fertilizer?
Agricultural scientist Carl Sprengel
200 years ago

Plants need
sunlight
water
minerals
Conti…

In 1828, 12 nutrients
So,
we use fertilizers for
Good yield
Replace the nutrients
Fertility status of soils
Historical Background
Egyptians, Romans, Babylonians, and early Germans are recorded as using
minerals and/or manure to enhance the productivity of their farms. The use of
wood ash as a field treatment became widespread

In the 1730s, Viscount Townshend (1674–1738) first studied the


improving effects of crop rotation system
Johann Friedrich Mayer (1719–1798) was the first to present a series
of experiments upon the relation of gypsum to agriculture

Chemist Justus von Liebig (1803–1873)


contributed greatly to the advancement in the
understanding of plant nutrition.
John Bennet Lawes began to experiment on the effects
of various manures on plants growing in 1837

The Birkeland–Eyde process was used to fix


atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into nitric acid (HNO3) in
1784

In the early decades of 20th century, the


Haber process named by the Nobel prize-winning
chemists Carl Bosch and Fritz Haber utilized
molecular N2 and CH4 gas in an economically
sustainable synthesis of NH3 in 1918
The Ostwald process is a chemical process for
production of HNO3 in 1902. It is a mainstay of the
modern chemical industry and provides the raw material
for the most common type of fertilizer production,
ammonium nitrate.
Historically and practically it is closely associated with
the Haber process

xxxxxxxxxxx
Uses of three main nutrients: Nitrogen,
Phosphorus and Potassium

•Nitrogen (N), the main constituent of proteins, is essential for growth and
development in plants. Supply of nitrogen determines a plant’s growth, vigor,
color and yield

•Phosphorus (P) is vital for adequate root development and helps the plant
resist drought. Phosphorus is also important for plant growth and development,
such as the ripening of seed and fruit

•Potassium (K) is central to the photosynthesis of crops. Potassium helps


improve crop quality and crop resistance to lodging, disease and drought.
In addition, the secondary nutrients sulphur, magnesium and calcium are
required for optimum crop growth.

-Sulphur is especially important in the initial growth stages, to produce


essential amino acids, proteins, and oils

-Magnesium is needed for photosynthesis, converting light into chemical


energy for nutritional purposes

-Calcium is particularly important for the yield, quality and shelf life of fruit
and vegetables
FERTILIZER INDUSTRY IN BANGLADESH

List of FI in BD under BCIC of Ministry of Industries

?????
FERTILIZER INDUSTRY IN BANGLADESH
List of FI in BD under BCIC of Ministry of Industries
1. SFCL
2. CUFFL
3. ZFCL (Ashuganj Fertilizer and Chemical Company Limited, AFCCL)
4. JFCL
5. GPFP (under construction)
6. TSP (Triple Super Phosphate Complex Limited)
7. DAP
8. KFCL
Graft
nepotism
Total capacity: 2.3 Million MT/Yr
Daily production: 1083 MT
Annual capacity of 580,800 MT
Capacity: 1700 MT urea and
1000 MT ammonia per day
Ashuganj Fertilizer and Chemical Company
Limited (AFCCL)

Capacity: 1600 MT/day


Capacity: 1700 MT/day
Capacity:1,52,000 MT/Yr
(Unit-1; 32,000 MT and
Unit-2; 1,20,000 MT)
DAP
Capacity: 800 MT/day
Capacity: urea 0.68 million
MT/Yr and
ammonia 0.15 million
MT/Yr

KAFCO
BCIC+ private sectors of
Japan, Denmark and Netherlands
The total installed capacity of seven plants
is 2.8957 million tons of urea and 1.8867
million tons of ammonia per year
Nitrogenous fertilizer:
Importance of nitrogen and nitrogenous industries, Methods
of nitrogen fixation, Outlines of processes for manufacture
of nitrogen oxides, nitric acid, and ammonium salts,
Ammonia and urea manufacturing technology, Prospects of
urea fertilizer industries in Bangladesh
Organic amendment
Amendment means An improved
change made to a previous status
soil amendment

Two broad categories


organic
inorganic.
Conti…

Organic amendments come from


something that is or was alive. e.g.
straw, compost, manure.

Inorganic amendments, are either


mined or man-made. e.g. tire
chunks, gravel and sand.
Conti…
Organic amendments increase soil
organic matter content and offer many
benefits.
Soil aeration,
water infiltration,
water and nutrient-holding capacity.

Organic matter also is an important


energy source for bacteria, fungi and
earthworms that live in the soil.
Soil condition
(www.pakissan.com)

In Bangladesh, the soils are very


poor in organic matter.
A soil having 1.29 % C is
considered to be sufficient in
organic matter, it is reported that
the range of soil carbon in
Bangladesh soils is 0.52 to 1.38% in
different soil series. Most of them
have less than 1%.
Reasons
 Parentmaterial and Climatic
Conditions

 Intensive Tillage

 Inorganic farming

 Improper Use of synthetic Fertilizers


Need
Increased Population

Food problems

Small land holdings

Increase yield

Fertility status
Conti…
Now a days

 More
use of synthetic fertilizer,
demerits

 Lessuse of organic fertilizer,


merits
Synthetic fertilizer
(www.engro.com)

 Engro urea

46% N

pH value of 6.8
Conti…
 Engro DAP
46% P2O5
18 % N
More than 90 % of
Phosphorus is soluble
pH value of 7.33
Conti…
 Engro Zorawar is one of the
highest grade phosphatic
fertilizers
52% P205
11% N
2% sulphur
1% calcium
acidic in reaction {pH = 3.5}
Conti…
 Zarkhez

homogenously granulated
fertilizer
08% N
23% P2O5
18% K
Conti…
 Zingro (Danedar), Zingro is a zinc
fertilizer It is 99.9 % soluble In
water.

Chemically it is
a zinc sulphate
Minimum 33% zinc
Organic fertilizer
 Farmyard manure
 Poultry manure
 Crop residues
 Green manure
 Slaughter house waste
 Compost
 Biogas compost
Conclusion
Our Responsibility is:

 Awareness among farmers


 Yield Enhancement in relation to
fertilizer
 Balance use of fertilizer
 Organic farming
For
Being
With
Me
During My
Presentation

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