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Ecological Theory of Development PDF

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26 views13 pages

Ecological Theory of Development PDF

Uploaded by

disha25jul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ecological

Theory Of
Development
Every child is born into a specific ecological setting that
influences development. “ Urie Bronfenbrenner”

o Name: Disha
o Roll. No: 1856
First year [ B.EL.ED DEPARTMENT]
o Subject Teacher : Sheela Rajeshwari.
Bronfenbrenner’s ecological
system [ 1979] .
Ecological system theory explains that a child develop
within multiple environmental levels .
Itfocuses on dynamic relationships between child and
environment .
Draw attention towards interconnections of different
environmental levels
Recognize child’s active role in shaping their development.
Systems of the Ecological
Theory .
•
Microsystem .
‘ It refers to the intermediate environments where an individual interacts directly and regularly’ .

CHARECTERSTICS OF MICROSYSTEMS
Face to face interactions . family

Direct influence on individuals .


Colony
school
Reciprocal relationships .

MULTIPLE MICROSYSTEMS
1. Family > A child [ 6 years ] old interacts with parents. neighbourho
od
religion

2. School / Class room > Student [ 10 years ] interact with teachers.


3. Peer group/ Friends > Interact with friends in co- curricular activities.
Mesosystem
 Mesosystem is the system of relationships and interaction between multiple microsystems that shape
an individual’s development.

CHARECTERSTICS
1. Interconnections between microsystems.
2. Reciprocal relationships.
3. Interdependence : Microsystems influence each other.
4. Support : Mesosystem provides support network.
Examples : 1. Home school mesosystem > Parents attend parent teacher’s conference to
discuss child’s progress.
2. Peer family mesosystem > Friends influence child’s behavior , values and perspective that
are challenged by parent’s .
Exo system
 External environments indirectly influences child development .

CHARECTERSTICS
1. Indirect influence [parental stress] , Issues between mother father effects the child mental growth
indirectly.
2. External to individual’s immediate environment. [ The surroundings atmosphere affect the
behavior of child ].
3. Affects microsystems of overall development.
Examples: Parent’s workplace exo system > Parent’s work schedule affects family time and
availability .
 These broader social systems affect the child’s immediate environment without direct interaction.

# How Exo system impact child development .


a) Shape parental behavior and availability.
b) Affects family dynamics and stress levels.
c) Impact socialization and community engagement.
Macro system
‘ Cultural values , laws ,social norms and historical context shaping
child’s development’.

# ROLE IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT


1. Shape values and beliefs.
2. Influence socialization and expectations.
3. Provide opportunities and resources.
Examples: 1. Individualism VS collectivism > Impacts independence
and interdependences .
2. Influences academic achievement.
# LAWS AND POLICIES .
Compulsory education laws. ( Ensure school attendance)
Child labours Laws (Protect against exploitation)
 It developed the COGNITIVE, SOCIAL,EMOTIONAL,PHYSICAL development .

For example we can say , Macro system interactions in broader society norms , like CULTURAL
MACROSYSTEM.
Chronosystem
 ‘It refers to the temporary aspects that examine how time changes led change
in environmental context influence child development.
# FACTORS : 1. Age and development stage.
2. Historic events . ( Wars , Economic crisis )
#FAMILY STRUCTURE TRANSITION
• Family structure changes the environmental development affect the child .
# CASE 1 : Emily aged 8 , experienced the divorced situation of her parents .
She faces saperation and hence feeling of insecurity and anxious .
# ECONOMIC SHIFT TRANSITION
• Poverty also affect the growth of child .
# CASE 2: Rohan age 12, sees his family’s down fall in income due to lock
down . They move to rural areas and smaller home with less facilities. He feels
frustrated and worried about future.
CONCLUSION.
 Child
Development is influenced by interconnections of system.[ MICRO,
MESO, MACRO, EXO, CHRONO].
 Fivesystems interact to impact cognitive , social, emotional, and
physical,growth of child .
 All
the systems have to work parallel to maintain the balance of child mental
and physical growth.
REFRENCES
1. Laura E, Berk ( 6th Edition) , CHILD DEVELOPMENT ( 2021)
2. Bronfenbrenner’s (1992) ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
THEORY(ARTICLE).
3. GOOGLE SCHOLAR .
THANK YOU

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