WELCO

IOT BASED SOLAR

POWERED
Wi-Fi WHEATHER STATION
Presented by , Guided by,
AKSHAY K ASWATHY K M
S5 ,
Roll No. : 19
EEE
Reg.No. :
 SLIDE 3

INDEX
INTRODUCTION 4 WORKING 18

EXISTING SYSTEM 5 ADVANTAGES 20

PROCEDURE 6 DISADVANTAGES 21

COMPONENTS 7 APPLICATIONS 22

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 17 CONCLUSION 23

REFERENCES 24
 SLIDE 4

INTRODUCTION
• An IoT-based solar-powered WiFi weather station collects real-
time weather data using sensors and transmits it wirelessly.
• Powered by solar energy, it operates autonomously and
sustainably, making it ideal for remote or off-grid locations.
• Its IoT capability allows for seamless data collection, analysis,
and accessibility, enhancing weather forecasting and
environmental monitoring.
 SLIDE 5

EXISTING SYSTEM
• Weather monitoring systems often use weather stations with
instruments like thermometers, barometers, wind vanes, and
rain gauges to measure weather and climate changes.
• These instruments often use analog technology to record and
store data in a database, which is then sent to radio and news
stations for weather reports.
 SLIDE 6

PROCEDURE
• We are using ESP8266 NodeMCU as the main controller and a
solarpanel to power the complete setup. So this will be a self-
sustained solar powered wireless weather station.
• It also uses 3.7V 18650 Li-ion Battery to power up the circuit,
this lithium battery will be charged with Solar panel using
TP4056 Li-ion charger module.
• Apart from this, it will have a DHT11 sensor to measure
temperature & humidity, BMP280 sensor to measure Pressure
and Rain sensor to detect rainfall.
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COMPONENTS
• NodeMCU ESP8266
• DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor
• BMP280 Pressure Sensor
• Rain sensor
• TP4056 Li-ion charger
• 3.7V 18650 Li-ion Battery
• DC-DC 0.9V-5V Step-Up Booster
• Solar Panel 6V, 100Ma
• 1N4007 Diode
 SLIDE 8

NODE MCU ESP

8266 • The NodeMCU ESP8266 is a small, and
powerful microcontroller board with built-in
( Fig. 1 ESP8266
Wi-Fi that's designed for IoT applications
• It's) based on
the ESP8266EX core Wi-Fi SoC and a Tensilica
L106 32-bit processor, and includes 2.4GHz 802.11b/g/n Wi-
Fi with an on-board antenna.
• The NodeMCU ESP8266 also has 17 GPIO pins, though only
11 are usable.
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DTH 11 SENSOR
• The DHT-11 is a digital temperature and
humidity sensor that uses a thermistor and
( Fig. 2
capacitive humidity sensor to measure the air
DTH11 ) around it.
• It outputs a digital signal on the data pin, so it doesn't require
analog input pins.
• The DHT-11 has several specifications, including: calibration,
stability, signal transmission, etc.
 SLIDE
10

BMP 280 SENSOR

• The BMP280 is a digital barometric pressure
sensor from Bosch Sensortec that's designed for
( Fig. 3
mobile applications.
•BMP280
It's a compact
) sensor with low power consumption, making it
suitable for battery-powered devices like mobile phones, GPS
modules, and watches.
• The BMP280 is based on Bosch's piezo-resistive pressure
sensor technology and is known for its accuracy, linearity,
stability, and EMC robustness.
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11

RAIN SENSOR
• Rain sensors work on different principles, but
the most com- mon type is based on the con-
( Fig. 4 Rain Sensor
ductivity of water.
• For) example, a rain sensor can be made of two parts, with one
pad placed outside that has conductive traces.
• This module uses this resistance to trigger an action, such as
ac- tivating a warning.
 SLIDE
12

TP4056 CHARGER MODULE

• TP4056 module is a linear charger lithium-ion
batteries.
• This module can charge batteries consists of
( Fig. 5 TP4056
) single cells.
• It supports constant current and constant voltage modes of
charging operations.
• This module offers a 1-ampere charging current.
 SLIDE
13

18650 LI-ION BATTERY

• A lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of
rechargeable battery that uses the reversible
( Fig. 6 LI-ION
intercalation of Li+ ions into electronically
BATTERY ) conducting solids to store energy.
• In comparison with other commercial rechargeable batteries,
Li-ion batteries are characterized by higher specific energy,
higher energy density, higher energy efficiency, a longer cycle
life, and a longer calendar life.
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14

0.9 V-5V DC-DC STEP UP BOOSTER

• A boost converter or step-up converter is a DC-
to-DC converter that increases voltage, while
decreasing current, from its input (supply) to its
( Fig. 7 DC-DC Stepup output (load).
Booster )
• It is a class of switched-mode power supply (SMPS)
containing at least two semiconductors, a diode and a
transistor, and at least one energy storage element: a
capacitor, inductor, or the two in combination.
 SLIDE
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6V 100 mA SOLAR PANEL

• solar cell is a key device that converts light
energy into electrical energy in photovoltaic
energy conversion.
( Fig. 8 Solar Panel
• It ) is a Durable anti-eye solar panel offering excellent
performance even in weak sunlight.
• A solar panel actually a collection of photovoltaic cells, used
to generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect.
 SLIDE
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1N4007
DIODE • The 1N4007 is a diode that is part of the
1N400x series of silicon rectifier diodes.
( Fig. 9 1N007 DIODE
• It's) commonly used in electronic circuits to convert
alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) in rectification
applications.
• It can pass currents of up to 1 A, and have peak inverse
voltage (PIV) rating of 1,000 V.
 SLIDE
17

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

( Fig. 10 Circuit Diagram

 SLIDE
18

WORKING
• The Parameter's Like Temperature, Humidity, Pressure Sensed
By ESP8266 Controller Through Sensor's Like DHT11,
BMP280.
• ESP8266 Controller Upload This All Parameter On Cloud
Name As ThingsSpeak.
• You Can Access It From Your Smartphone / PC / Tablet.
• If Suddenly Rain Occurs Then It Will Show Indication Or
Warning On Smartphone & Also Make An Red LED Turn On.
 SLIDE
19

CONT...
• Does Not Need Any Host For Start/Stop The Project.
• It Will Work's Automatically.
• You Can Keep Record's Of All Parameter.
• It Does Not Harm Nature As Well As It Is durable.
 SLIDE 20

ADVANTAGES
• IOT weather monitoring system project using NODEMCU is
fully automated.
• It does not require any human attention.
• Uses solar energy (renewable).
• We can get prior alert of weather conditions.
• The low cost and efforts are less in this system.
• Accuracy is high.
• Self Protection.
• Smart way to monitor Environment.
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21

DISADVANTAGES
• Weather is extremely difficult to forecast correctly.
• Material used in prototype are low-level.
• Less pins if we want to connect more sensors.
• If we want more accuracy then we want to use costly sensors.
• It is expensive to monitor-so many variables from so many
sources.
• Uploads parameters slowly on cloud as compare to other.
 SLIDE 22

APPLICATIONS
• The weather forecasting plays very important role in the field
of agriculture.
• It is also helpful at places like volcano and rain forests.
• It is quite difficult for a human being to stay for longer time at
such places.
• For Household Purpose.
• Used in colleges for study purpose.
• In garden for measuring temperature, humidity and also for
detecting rain.
 SLIDE 23

CONCLUSION
• An IoT-based solar-powered WiFi weather station effectively
combines renewable energy with modern technology to provide
real-time weather data.
• This system leverages solar power to ensure sustainable
operation, while IoT connectivity allows for remote monitoring
and data analysis.
• The integration of these technologies offers a reliable, eco-
friendly solution for accurate weather tracking and reporting.
 SLIDE 24

REFERENCES
• Published in 2022 1st International Conference on
Computational Science and Technology (ICCST)
THANK YOU