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Affect and Mood ppt

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25 views23 pages

Affect and Mood ppt

presentation

Uploaded by

Irahuka Clifton
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AFFECT AND MOOD

NALUJJA HELLEN KIRABO. VU-BNT-2101-0722


OUTLINE

 Definition
 Dimensions of affect
 Description
 Types of affect
 Causes
 Functions of affect
AFFECT
 first expression of an emotion or feelings portrayed through facial expressions, hand
gestures, voice tone or laughter and tearing.
 Visible , objective emotional state
 Affected by both internal and external stimuli

 Dimensions of the affect


Valence-positive , negative or in between emotion
Arousal- How intense is the emotion
Motivational intensity- Reaction towards the stimulus of the emotion

 Can be broad, restricted , incongruent/ inappropriate, labile and flat


DURING THE ASSESSMENT/DESCRIPTION

 Intensity –Strength of pt emotions-high intensity associated with bipolar


affective disorder , borderline personality disorder and low intensity- bipolar ,
severe depression, brain injury and ptsd
 Range-variety of emotions during a conversation
Restricted-depression , antisocial, ptsd , Expanded-Mania , anxiety
 Stability-Pt’s mood being adaptive and consistent to the topic
Stable or labile
 Appropriateness/ Congruent-The pt’s emotions relate to their reactions
Appropriate or inappropriate/Incogruent
TYPES OF AFFECT

 Broad affect/full affect- expected normal affect , varies from culture to culture

 Restricted/constricted-mild /small restriction in the range or intensity of the


displayed emotions

 Blunt affect-more severe restriction in the display of the emotions


 Flat-Total absence of any display of emotion
 Labile- Dramatic/frequent mood swings/unstable emotions
 Inappropriate- the display of the emotion is totally the opposite
CAUSES

 Mental conditions- Autism, depression, Post traumatic stress disorder

 Personality disorders

 Diseases such as Parkinson’s , Alzheimer’s

 Trauma- Brain injury

 Medication
Functions of affect

 Provide emotional value and judgement/ self perception

 Away to communicate your feelings to others through expression

 Aids in the initiation of action


MOOD

 Concious state of mind/ predominant emotion


 Etiology
 Classification
 Nursing Diagnosis
 Management
Etiology

 Substance induced
 Medicine induced
 Genetic
 Life events
 Interpersonal relations
Classification

 Depressive/Unipolar
Major depression
Dysthymic-Mild to chronic depression lasting for 2years and more
 Bipolar
Bipolar i
Bipolar ii
Cyclothymic
Seasonal affective disorder-SAD
Major depression

 Depressed mood
 Anhedonia/Lack of pleasure
 Guilt
 Sleep disturbance
 Eating habit
 Low energy
 Low concentration
 Suicidal
Management

 Investigation-For any underlying condition


 Hospitalize in case of- risk of suicide , self neglect, resists treatment, lack of
social support, severe depressive symptoms
 Medication-Anti depressants- Tricyclic e.g amitriptyline
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors- Paroxetine, fluoxetine, sertraline
Psychotherapy
Second line treatment- When first line fails, side effects of the first line
Electro convulsive therapy
Bipolar

 Bipolar i-Mania episodes for at least 7 days


 Bipolar ii-Depression and hypomanic episodes
 Cyclothymic-Depression and hypomanic episodes lasting for 2 years and
above
 Seasonal affective Disorder-Change in the mood is due to the weather or
seasons
Mania

Elated mood
Hyperactivity
Trouble sleeping
Irritable
First thought feeling
Multitasking
Recklessness
Depression

 Sad/Hopeless
 Hypoactivity
 Worry
 Low concentration
 Fatigue
 Suicidal
 Eating disorder
 Sleep disturbance
Diagnosis

 Elevated mood from 1 week and above


 Grandiosity
 Decreased sleep pattern
 Racing thoughts/ Flight of ideas
 Hedonism-Excess involvement in pleasure activities
Nursing Diagnosis

 Impaired nutrition less than body requirement related to worry/ hyperactivitiy


evidenced by decrease in body weight
 Altered social interaction
 Risk for injury related to the hyperactivity
 Risk for violence related to delusions/Excitement
 Disturbed sleep pattern related to depression/anxiety/hyperactivity
Management

 Aim-Stabilize the mood, prevent new episodes


 Hospitalize
 Medication
Mood stabilizer- Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine, Lithium carbonate
Haloperidol
Antipsychotics-Aripiprazole, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone
Combine incase of depression
Fluoxetine + Olanzapine
 Psychotherapy
 ECT
 Supplements
Management of SAD

At home
 Utilize the natural light as much as possible
 Take some supplements esp vitamin D
 Ensure that you get adequate rest/ sleep
 Can go for a holiday esp to a warmer area if possible
 Regular exercise
 Have a balanced diet
Other mood classification

 Euphoric mood-
Common in mania and hypomania pts
 Angry-Irritable mood
Muscle tension, harsh tone , Hostile
 Anxious/ apprehension mood -Considered normal unless it interferes with
activity of daily living
Phobia , Obsessive compulsive disorder, PTSD , panic attack , failure to adjust
Patterns of mood disturbance

 Rapid cycling-4 or more episodes of mania, hypomania , MDE for 1year


 Cyclothymic disorder-Depression is not as severe as in major depressive
episode
 Major depressive episode-Depression is severe and lasts for awhile, prone to
recurrent episodes
 Dysthymic disorder- Depression symptoms are not as in the MDE/ Double
depression
Difference between affect and mood

Affect Mood
 Physical expression of  State of emotion
emotions

 Short term/Instant  Long term


 Intense  Most superficial/weak
 External  Internal
 Rapid onset  Gradual
 Focused  Unfocussed
 Occurs in epidoses
 THANK YOU

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