EDUCATIO

N IN
VIETNAM
Josephine Belarmino | Nicole Cabututan | Marianne
Mae Dalisay
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
Vietnam's education system is
widely recognized as one of the
most effective in the world, and
education is a top priority for the
Vietnamese government. At the
national level, the Ministry of
Education and Training (MOET) is
responsible for administering
education..
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
Public School
• Public schools follow a curriculum
set by the Vietnamese Ministry of
Education and Training, and
children are given a full immersion
in Vietnamese culture and
language, with moral studies an
important fixture on the timetable.
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
International
School
• These fee-paying
schools offer high-
quality, western-style
teaching, fantastic
facilities and
internationally
recognised curricula..
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
Pre-Primary
Education
• For children aged 3 to 5 years. This is the
equivalent of kindergarten or nursery
school in many Western countries. It’s not
compulsory, but many parents enroll their
children to prepare them for formal
schooling.
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
Primary Education
Primary education is compulsory to attend and is for
children aged 6-11 years. This level covers grades 1-5.
The Vietnam primary education curriculum is split up into
2 phases:
• Phase 1: Covers Grades 1, 2 and 3. This phase includes
the following subjects: Morality, mathematics, physical
education, Vietnamese language, arts, and nature and
society.
• Phase 2: Covers Grades 4 and 5. This phase comprises
of nine subjects: Science, Vietnamese language, arts,
basic techniques, mathematics, physical education,
music, Morality, geography, and history.
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
Lower Secondary
Education
• For students aged 12 to 15 years,
covering grades 6 to 9. This is also
compulsory and builds on the primary
education curriculum, introducing more
specialized subjects. It is also called as
junior high school.
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
Higher Secondary
Education
• For students aged 16 to 18 years,
covering grades 10 to 12. This level is
not compulsory, and students often face
national exams to determine their
eligibility for higher education or
vocational training.
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
Tertiary
• Professional
Education secondary education: It lasts for 3-4
school years for students who have a lower
secondary education diploma; and for students who
have upper secondary education diploma, for them it
lasts for 1-2 school years.
• Vocational training: It consists of vocational
preliminary program that last for 1 year; and is also
comprised of vocational secondary college program
lasting 1-3 years.
• Higher education in Vietnam is offered by the
public and private universities, junior colleges and
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
Special Needs
Education
• Most of the districts have care centres for
the disabled children. These centres
encourage children to study in general
education settings. General education
classes are usually proximate to the home,
less costly, and have better trained
teachers.
 WORLD
RANKINGS
TEACHER’S SALARY
AND BONUSES
TEACHER’S
SALARY
• The average monthly salary for a teacher
in Vietnam is approximately 12,900,000
VND or 29,824.80 PHP (around
155,000,000 VND / 358,360PHP
annually). Salaries can range from
15,536.64 PHP to 45,777.60 PHP .
However, salaries can vary significantly
based on factors like experience,
education level, and the type of school.
EXPERIENCE
• LEVEL
Teachers with less than two years of
experience earn around 7,630,000 VND per
month.
• Those with 2-5 years of experience earn
10,200,000 VND.
• Teachers with 15-20 years of experience earn
17,600,000 VND.
• Those with over 20 years of experience earn
18,500,000 VND.
• Teachers with a bachelor's degree earn an
average of 10,800,000 VND.
• Those with a master's degree earn
14,900,000 VND.
BONUSES AND
• BENEFITS
Individual Performance-Based Bonuses
The most standard form of bonus, where the employee
is awarded based on their exceptional performance.
• Company Performance Bonuses
Some companies like to celebrate excess earnings and
profits with their staff collectively in the form of bonuses
that are granted to everyone.
• Goal-Based Bonuses
Granted upon achieving an important goal or
milestone.
• Holiday / End of Year Bonuses
These types of bonuses are given without a reason and
usually resemble an appreciation token.
BONUSES AND
• BENEFITS
Public school teachers do not have a 13th month salary
or Tet bonus like corporate workers. However,
according to the city's specific policy, Ho Chi Minh City
teachers receive increased income in the fourth
quarter, up to 4 times the salary according to grade
(about 8-9 million VND).
• Private schools, particularly international schools, have
more flexibility in offering bonuses. Teachers in these
schools can expect bonuses of several million VND,
with some receiving as much as 12 million VND during
Tet.
BONUSES AND
•BENEFITS
Public school teachers do not have a 13th month salary
or Tet bonus like corporate workers. However,
according to the city's specific policy, Ho Chi Minh City
teachers receive increased income in the fourth
quarter, up to 4 times the salary according to grade
(about 8-9 million VND).
• Private schools, particularly international schools, have
more flexibility in offering bonuses. Teachers in these
schools can expect bonuses of several million VND,
with some receiving as much as 12 million VND during
Tet.
 TEACHING
PROFESSION
• Public schools in Vietnam may not strictly
require a teaching license from foreign teachers,
they often prefer candidates with a Bachelor's
degree in Education or a related field.
• Private schools, including international schools,
often require a teaching license from the
teacher's home country.
• Foreign teachers in colleges and universities
typically need a Master's degree or higher in
their field of expertise. They may also require
prior teaching experience at the
college/university level, a teaching license,
and a work permit .
 TEACHING
PROFESSION
•
Quality assurance and accreditation has
been successfully implemented in many
higher education systems across the
world, including Vietnam. Despite having
an emerging quality assurance system,
higher education in Vietnam has already
experienced many changes regarding
quality enhancement (Nguyen, 2017;
Nguyen & Ta, 2018).
PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
OPPORTUNITIES
FOR TEACHERS
1. Professional
Groups
2. Programs
3. Short
Courses
4. Seminars
5. Professional
Learning
Communities
 ISSUES AND
CHALLENGES IN
EDUCATION AND THE
TEACHING
 1. OUT-OF-SCHOOL
CHILDREN
• Nearly 37% of Vietnamese Children are not
enrolled in Upper Secondary School.
• A major challenge is to reduce early school
dropout and related inequities while
maintaining quality.
2. CHANGING SKILL NEEDS
• The labor market demands a mix of high-
quality cognitive, behavioral, and technical
skills, which employers find lacking in
graduates.
3. PEDAGOGICAL STRATEGIES

• Despite efforts to promote better teaching

and active learning methods since the
1990s, lecture-style, rote learning remains
dominant.
4. STAKEHOLDER UNDERSTANDING
AND ENGAGEMENT
• Previous reforms’ focus and implications
were not adequately communicated to
educators, parents, and students.
 REFERENCES
• Vietnam Education Information. (n.d.). Education system. Vietnam Education Information. Retrieved
November 10, 2024, from https://www.vietnameducation.info/Education-System
• Vietnam Teaching Jobs. (n.d.). Vietnam school system explained. Vietnam Teaching Jobs. Retrieved November
10, 2024, from https://vietnamteachingjobs.com/vietnam-school-system-explained/
• World Population Review. (n.d.). PISA scores by country. World Population Review. Retrieved November 10,
2024, from https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/pisa-scores-by-country
• Nguyen, T. (2023, October 24). Vietnamese students tumble in international ranking. VnExpress
International. Retrieved November 10, 2024, from
https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/education/vietnamese-students-tumble-in-international-ranking-4685623.
html

• Salary Explorer. (n.d.). Average salary & wage comparison: Vietnam teacher. Salary Explorer. Retrieved
November 10, 2024, from
https://www.salaryexplorer.com/average-salary-wage-comparison-vietnam-teacher-c236j123
• Vietnam.gov.vn. (2024, January 11). Many schools in Ho Chi Minh City increase Tet bonuses for teachers.
Vietnam.gov.vn. Retrieved November 10, 2024, from https://www.vietnam.vn/en/nhieu-truong
-o-tp-hcm-tang-thuong-tet-cho-giao-vien/
• Pham, K., Thi, L., DO, Dinh, H. T., Nguyen, Q. a. T., Phan, Q., & Van Ha, X. (2023). Professional development of
primary school teachers in Vietnamese educational reform context: an analysis from a sociocultural
perspective. Education 3-13, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2023.2168502
• Nguyen, Y. T. X., Van Ha, X., & Tran, N. H. (2022). Vietnamese primary school teachers’ needs for professional
development in response to curriculum reform. Education Research International, 2022, 1–8.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4585376
• Vo, D. K. (2024, March 16). Training the educators for Vietnam’s future growth. World Bank Blogs.