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Cancer

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Bani rajpoot
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6 views

Cancer

Uploaded by

Bani rajpoot
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OBJECTIVE

Objectives
 Define Cancer
 Briefly describe the most common cancers
 Explain the etiology of cancer
 Describe the types of cancer and
characteristics of cancer cells
 Enlist the warning sings of cancer
 Discuss the detection and diagnosis of
cancer
 Describe the treatment modalities of
cancer
 Formulate a Nursing Care Plan for
DEFINITION
 Cancer:
 Cancer is thet disorder of alteled cell differentiation
and growth.
 A disease resulting from the uncontroled growth of
cells which cause malignant cellular tumors is
called cancer.
MOST COMMON CANCERS
IN MALE AND FEMALE
ETIOLOGY
 Physical agents  VNA viruses and bacteria
1. Radiations 1. DNA virus (hep B / hep E)
2. Exposure to 2. RNA virus (HIV)
sunlight 3. H. Pylori bacteria
3. Exposure to irritants
 Genetics and family history
 Chemical agents 1. Colon cancer
1. Smoking 2. Breast cancer
2. Drugs  Hormonal agents
 Dietary habits 1. DES (Diethylstilbestrol
nonsteroidal oestrogen)
1. Low fiber
2. OCP (oral contraceptive
2. High fat pills oestrogen)
3. Alcohol
TYPES OF
CANCER
 There are two common types of cancer:
 Benign
 Benign tumors are those that stay in their primary location
without invading other sites of the body.
 Malignant
 Malignant tumors are cancerous and can spread cancer cells
throughout one’s body through the blood or lymphatic
system.
 Characteristics of cancer cells
 Cancer cells grow and divide at an abnormally rapid rate
 Poorly differentiated
 Are encapsulated
 Have abnormal membranes, cytoskeletal proteins, and
morphology.
 The abnormality in cells can be progressive with a slow
transition from normal cells to benign tumors to malignant
tumors
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
BENIGN AND MALIGNANT
SEVEN WARNING SING
OF CANCER
DETECTION AND
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION

 Direct visualization
1. Endoscopy
2. Cystoscopy
3. Sigmoidoscopy
4. Bronchoscopy
 Invasive diagnostic techniques
 Biopsy
The most accurate diagnostic test
for cancer.
 PET scan
 Mamography
TREATMENT MODALIT
 A variety of approaches are available to treat
and prevent cancer:
 Surgery
 Radiation therapy
 Chemotherapy
 Other therapies
NURSING CARE PLAN
Nursing Nursing Objective Interventi Rationale Evaluation
assessme diagnosis on
nt
Subjective 1.Ineffectiv Pain relief Record Nessasory Patient
data: e breathing to ensure accurate for early reported no
Unexplaine related to appropriate weight, detection pain
d weight chest pain breathing intake and complicatio
loss as evidence pattern output ns Patient
Pain by varbal displayed
Coughing reporting Patient Assess skin To prevent adequate
Spitting by the education color, spread of knowledge
blood patient regarding temperatur rashes and regarding
the disease e and worsening the disease
Objective 2. Lack of texture the
data: knowledge condition
Wheezing related to
and the Identify To asses
coughing situation as patient for contributing
Fatigue evidenced malnutritio factors
Rashes on by the n
chest responses To early
Bloody of the Educate the detection of
sputum Patient patient complicatio
about signs ns and
THANK
YOU

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