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Presentation on dam

Force' acting on Gravity Dam

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6 views11 pages

Presentation on dam

Force' acting on Gravity Dam

Uploaded by

lovemeornotyour1111111111
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Forces Acting on

Gravity Dams
Gravity dams are an essential
part of water infrastructure,
harnessing the power of gravity
to hold back immense volumes
of water. Understanding the
various forces acting on these
structures is crucial for their safe
and effective design and
construction.
Introduction to Gravity Da
1 Gravity Dams 2 Purpose
Gravity dams rely These dams are
on their own used for flood
weight and the control, water
weight of the water storage, and
they retain to resist hydroelectric
the forces acting power generation.
on them.Considerations
Design
3
The design of gravity dams must account for
a variety of forces to ensure stability and
safety.
Types of Forces Acting on Gravity Dams
Self-Weight Hydrostatic Force Uplift Pressure
The weight of the dam The pressure exerted by the The upward pressure caused
structure itself, which water retained by the dam, by water seeping under the
provides the gravitational acting perpendicular to the dam, which can reduce
force to resist other loads. dam surface. stability.
Self-Weight of the Dam
1 Gravitational Force 2 Uniform Distribution 3 Stability Analysis
The dam's own weight The self-weight of the dam Engineers analyze the
provides the necessary is distributed uniformly dam's self-weight to ensure
gravitational force to resist across the entire structure. it can withstand the other
overturning and sliding. forces acting on it.
Hydrostatic Force
Water Pressure Pressure Distribution Overturning Moment

The water retained by the dam The hydrostatic force increases The hydrostatic force creates an
exerts a horizontal pressure on the linearly with the depth of the water, overturning moment that the dam
upstream face of the dam. with the maximum force at the base must resist to maintain stability.
of the dam.
Uplift Pressure
Seepage Flow Pressure Distribution
Water can seep under the The uplift pressure is
dam, creating an upward highest at the upstream
pressure on the base of the edge of the dam and
structure. decreases towards the
downstream side.

Stability Reduction
Uplift pressure can significantly reduce the overall stability of
the dam, so it must be carefully considered in the design.
Seismic Forces
Earthquake Loading Dynamic Response Seismic Coefficients

Gravity dams must be designed to The dam's response to seismic Engineers use seismic coefficients to
withstand the horizontal and vertical forces can include sliding, determine the magnitude of the
forces generated by earthquakes. overturning, and cracking, which earthquake forces the dam must be
must be analyzed. able to resist.
Ice and Debris Forces
Ice Forces Debris Forces
In cold climates, the Floating debris, such as logs
formation of ice on the and ice floes, can impact the
reservoir can exert significant dam and create additional
horizontal forces on the dam. loading conditions.

Mitigation Strategies
Engineers design dams to withstand these forces or implement
measures to minimize their impact.
Analysis of Force Distribution
1 Force Identification
The first step is to identify all the relevant forces acting
on the dam.

2 Force Calculation
Engineers calculate the magnitude and distribution of
each force using established engineering principles.

3 Force Combination
The forces are then combined to determine the overall
load on the dam, which is used in the structural analysis.
Design Considerations for Gravity Dams

3
Key Factors
The main factors considered in the design of gravity dams are stability,
structural integrity, and constructability.

2
Safety Factors
Engineers apply appropriate safety factors to ensure the dam can
withstand the maximum expected loads without failure.

1
Optimization
The final design aims to optimize the dam's dimensions and materials to achieve the most cost-
effective and safe structure.

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