INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY IN A
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
1.1 Business and Information technology
1.2 business in the information era
1.3 the changing role of it in business

BENJIE F. ZARATE, CCNI

1.1 BUSINESS & Many people believe that
INFORMATION business nowadays could not
survive without the integration

TECHNOLOGY and use of information technology

(IT). Business organization rely on
computers to perform their daily
operations and transections.
Multinational corporations, the
government, non-government
organization, local and ever the
small business use computers
and IT to support their business.

For example, banks have

developed and design new mobile
banking apps to replaced the
traditional banking.
Business Organization
as a System

Any type of business organization,

whether multinational or local and large,
medium, or small, can be viewed as a
system. Because it consists of various
parts that works collaboratively to attain a
certain goal.

The main goal of many

organizations is to provide added value to
their clients and customers.
Business
Concepts
The word “business” is
traditionally defined as the
exchange of products. However, its
concepts and activities have
changed tremendously through
time. At present, the word has taken
on technical meaning as it focuses
not only on trade but also on
production, distribution, and the sale
of goods and services.
 IT comprises a wide range of
hardware and software solutions
that support organization and
Informati evaluate data that help them
accomplish their targets.
on IT makes the most of handling high-
Technolog performance communication links to
wide-ranging information from one
y & Its location to another.

Discipline IT commonly used in all computing

functions but now it also used in
education, healthcare and many
more.
Modern
Information
Technology
IT is defined as the study and application of
computers networks, and telecommunications that
store, manipulate, retrieve, manage, and send
information.
Modern IT is simply more than high
technology and gadgetry. Famous software and
hardware vendors use technology buzzwords in order
to sell more complex software products for big data,
machine learning, artificial intelligence (AI),
Internet of Thing (IoT), augmented and virtual
reality, data mining, social media, queue
system, etc.
1.2 BUSINESS IN
THE
INFORMATION Most businesses established in
the Information Era mostly depend on
ERA the use of advanced technologies. It is a
fact that people currently live in the
Information Era, commonly known as
the Digital Age.

Today, people are largely

dependent on technology. The evolution
of the IT industry, combined with
advancements in technology.
Business Environment in the
Information Age
The information age enables businesses to compete
in a marketplace that is complex, global, and customer
focused.

The following are some business that are popular in

the Digital Age:
-- Call Centers
-- Banking (Online and Mobile Banking)
1.3. THE
CHANGING
ROLE OF IT IN
BUSINESS
IT is about
telecommunication networks; all
kinds of hardware such as
computer, routers, switch,
memory, cables, servers and
printers; and all types of software
including both system and
applications such as operating
systems, productivity tools, offices
tools, data management tools,
social and mobile applications.
PRODUCTIVITY
Technological tools and applications such as computer aided design (CAD),
office application tools, programming software, database technology and the like.

MONITORING
IT tools are used for monitoring purposes in various areas of business
organizations. The main reason for this is to ensure that all resources are being
utilized efficiently.

Business Performance Management

In the world of business, methods are continually being evaluated to
determine more effective and efficient business activities and processes so
business organizations can achieve their goals and profit.
Example, Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) and Executive Information
Systems (EIS).
EDUCATION

IT plays a vital role in

providing quality education to
Glogster EDU. This tools is
students. Nowadays,
The following are some use in research. It allows
technology is a staple part of
example of emerging students to create unique
most classrooms. Educational
educational technologies: projects or research
technology is wide used to
presentations.
support teaching and
learning.

Mentimeter. This website

Learning Management
increases the participation of
System. Is a software
students in the classroom. It
application or web-based
allows teachers to prepare
technology used to plan,
practice exercise questions
implement and assess a
online and ask students to
specific learning process.
answer virtually.
Health

IT also plays a significant

role in the field of medicine. For
example, a patient record
management system (PRMS),
which is designed to record all
transactions made b y patients,
are common nowadays in
hospitals.
 IT specialist manage and maintain
technology products, but they are not limited
to technology companies. It specialists work
with services related to software, hardware,
Information databases, and networks, provide technical
support to business, and train non-technical
Technology workers on the business’ information
systems.
Career
Opportunitie
s Example: Help Desk Technician Jobs;
technical Support Analyst Jobs; and Business
Intelligence Analyst Jobs.
Trends in Information Technology Development
The Adaptability of the
Internet of Things (IoT)
IoT is system of interconnected computing devices,
mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals, or
people.
Development of Web
Applications
These are web applications that are composed of web
pages or websites similar to traditional and most
mobile applications.

The Brainpower of Artificial

Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human
intelligence processes by machines, particularly
computer systems.
INTRODUCTION TO
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
2.1 Information Systems and their
Capabilities
2.2 Computer-based Information System
2.3 Developing Information Systems
2.4 Information System Security

BENJIE F. ZARATE, CCNI

INFORMATION SYSTEMS & THEIR CAPABILITIES
Information system (IS) is used by people and business organizations for
the improvement of processes and operations to make things simpler and
easier.

DATA vs. INFORMATION

DATA INFORMATION
Refer to raw, unorganized, and described as refined,
unprocessed facts. structured, processed and organized.
Listed below are examples od Listed below are examples od
data: data:
1. A student’s class attendance 1. A financial statement.
2. A car’s accident record. 2. The average exam scores in a
class.
3. A student’s exam scores.
SYSTEM
A system can be defined as a collection of parts that interact, interconnect,
and work together to accomplish certain objectives.

The specific objectives of a system depend on its type. The following are
the types of systems:

A. Natural System. These system are made by nature. Examples are weather
system such as typhoons, floods, and other forces of nature.
B. Man-made System. These systems are designed, developed, and
implemented by human beings. Examples are transportation system, computer
systems, healthcare and education systems.
COMPUTE
R SYSTEM
INPUT DEVICES
The fundamentals idea of a computer system is
that in every input, there is an expected output.
Example, keyboard, mouse, scanner, and so on.
PROCESS
Every computer has a microprocessor. The central processing
unit or the CPU is considered the brain of a computer and the one
responsible for controlling all activities and handling input/output
operations.
OUTPUT
DEVICES
• Is the result after data
processing. It is usually presented
externally from the computer
system.
STORAGE
• Help users keep data,
information, and instructions from.
Specific programs. Two types of
storage device (1) Primary Storage
such as RAM & ROM. (2) Secondary
Storage such as flash drive, hard
desk, etc.
 COMPUTER-BASED
INFORMATION
SYSTEM
IS these days are mostly computer-based. These computer-
based use both computer and telecommunications
technology to perform certain tasks.
The basic components of CBISs are as fallows:
• Hardware (Router, Computer, CPU, Input/Output and
Storage Device)
• Software (System Software, Application, Etc.)
• Database (MySQL, Oracle)
• Networks (LAN, MAN and WAN)
• Procedures (Rules, Policies, Etc.)
• People
• Other IS Components: Telecommunication, Internet
and WWW.
 Software
Developmen
t Life Cycle
Let's go through the Software
Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
phases with an example of
building an e-commerce
website. Each phase builds
upon the previous one, ensuring
a structured approach to
building software that meets
both user needs and business
goals.
PLANNING
In this phase, the project’s objectives, scope, and
purpose are defined. The goal is to understand the
project at a high level and decide how to achieve it.

Example: An online store wants to build a website to sell

its products. In the planning phase, the team decides
what features the site should have (e.g., product listing,
shopping cart, payment processing) and estimates the
time and budget needed.
ANALYSIS
This phase involves gathering detailed requirements
and understanding the specific needs of the project.

Example: The development team consults with

stakeholders (the business owners, marketing team, etc.)
to identify requirements like product categories, shipping
options, and user accounts. They may also conduct
market research to identify user expectations.
DESIGN
Once the requirements are understood, the technical
team creates the architecture and design for the system.
This includes deciding on the user interface, database
structure, and system infrastructure.

Example: The team designs the website layout (e.g.,

product pages, checkout process) and creates database
schemas to store product, customer, and order
information. They also design the user experience
(UI/UX), deciding how users will navigate through the
site.
DEVELOPMENT
During this phase, the actual coding and implementation
of the design happens. Developers write the code, build
the system, and configure the necessary infrastructure.

Example: Developers write the code for the website

using technologies like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and a
backend framework like Django or Node.js. They also set
up databases and integrate payment gateways like
PayPal or Stripe.
TESTING
Before launching the system, thorough testing is done to
ensure everything works as expected. This includes
functional testing, performance testing, and security
testing.

Example: The testing team checks if users can

successfully browse products, add items to the cart, and
complete purchases. They also test for bugs, such as
broken links, slow load times, or incorrect prices
displayed during checkout.
IMPLEMENTATION
This is when the software is deployed to a live
environment, making it available for end-users.

Example: The completed e-commerce website is

deployed to a production server. Customers can now
access the site, browse products, and make purchases.
MAINTENANCE
Once the software is live, the team must continue to
maintain it by fixing any issues that arise and updating
the software as needed.

Example: After launch, the business might need to add

new features, like adding support for multiple currencies.
They also monitor the site for any issues, such as
performance problems or security vulnerabilities, and
provide regular updates.