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IPv6 (1)

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Md. Abir Hasan
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4 views

IPv6 (1)

Uploaded by

Md. Abir Hasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IPv6

Network layer

Md. Monarul Islam Mithu


Lecturer, CSE, DIU
IPv6

❖ Most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), which is the


system responsible for identifying and locating devices on the
internet.
❖ IPv6 was developed to address the limitations of the previous
version, IPv4.
❖ 128 bits long (xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx)
❖ 2^128 address space possible.
Representation of IPv6

Example: 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334
● Eight groups.
● Each group holds 4 bits for one hexadecimal character and total 16 bits. So,
eight groups 8*16=128 bits.
● Address can be shorter representation.(Abbreviated form:
2001:db8:85a3:0:0:8a2e:370:7334)
● When one or more groups are all zeros, they can be replaced with a double
colon ::
● Finally: 2001:db8:85a3::8a2e:370:7334
Address sections of IPv6 and meaning
1. Global Routing Prefix (the first three groups):

Example: 2001:0db8:85a3

This part of the address is used to identify a specific network or subnet.

2. Subnet ID (fourth group):

Example: 0000

This is used to specify subnets within the network.


Address sections of IPv6 and meaning
3. Interface Identifier (last four groups):

Example: 0000:8a2e:0370:7334

This portion uniquely identifies an interface on the network. It is often based on the
device's MAC address, but privacy features in IPv6 can also generate random
interface identifiers.
IPv4 and IPv6 header format
IPv4 VS IPv6
IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) offers several advantages over its predecessor, IPv4 (Internet Protocol
version 4), which include:

1. Larger Address Space: IPv6 provides a significantly larger address space


compared to IPv4. While IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses, IPv6 uses 128-bit
addresses. This allows for a virtually unlimited number of unique IP addresses,
which is crucial as the number of internet-connected devices continues to grow.
2. Improved Addressing and Routing Efficiency: IPv6 simplifies the
addressing and routing process. Its hierarchical structure and the removal of
the need for Network Address Translation (NAT) make routing more efficient,
reducing the burden on routers and improving network performance.
IPv4 VS IPv6
3. Enhanced Security: IPv6 includes built-in support for IPsec (Internet Protocol
Security), which offers a higher level of security for network communications.
IPsec can help authenticate and encrypt data traffic, providing confidentiality and
integrity for transmitted information.

4. Auto-Configuration: IPv6 devices can automatically configure their own IP


addresses using Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC). This simplifies
network setup and administration, reducing the need for manual configuration.
IPv4 VS IPv6
5. Streamlined Header Format: IPv6 has a simplified header format compared
to IPv4, which reduces the processing overhead on routers and devices. This
leads to faster packet processing and improved overall network performance.

6. Quality of Service (QoS): IPv6 supports improved Quality of Service (QoS)


features, enabling more efficient traffic management and better prioritization
of data flows. This is particularly important for applications like real-time video
and voice communication.
Transition from IPv4 to IPv6
Three strategies have been devised for transition:
❖ Dual stack
❖ Tunneling and
❖ Header translation.
Dual Stack
❖ It is recommended that all hosts, before migrating completely to version 6,
have a dual stack of protocols during the transition.
❖ In other words, a station must run IPv4 and IPv6 simultaneously until all the
Internet uses IPv6.
❖ To determine which version to use when sending a packet to a destination,
the source host queries the DNS. If the DNS returns an IPv4 address, the
source host sends an IPv4 packet. If the DNS returns an IPv6 address, the
source host sends an IPv6 packet.
Dual Stack
Tunneling
Header translation
Thank you

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