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Line_Generation_Algorithms

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1 views

Line_Generation_Algorithms

Uploaded by

Dani Gedefa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Graphics

Line Generation Algorithms - DDA


and Bresenham
Introduction to Line Generation
• Line generation is fundamental in computer
graphics for representing geometric objects.
Algorithms aim to achieve accurate and
efficient pixel plotting.
What is Rasterization?
• Rasterization determines which pixels should
be highlighted to best approximate a desired
line. It converts geometric data into pixel data.
Requirements for Line Drawing
• - Lines must appear straight
• - Start and end accurately
• - Maintain constant brightness
• - Draw rapidly
Line Equation
• The Cartesian slope-intercept equation:
• y = mx + c
• Where m = slope, c = y-intercept, and (x, y) is
any point on the line.
DDA Algorithm Overview
• DDA (Digital Differential Analyzer) is a scan-
conversion algorithm based on Δx or Δy to
determine the closest pixels to a line.
DDA Algorithm Steps
• 1. Input endpoints (x_a, y_a) and (x_b, y_b)
• 2. Compute dx, dy, and Length
• 3. Calculate Δx and Δy
• 4. Plot initial pixel
• 5. Increment and plot pixels until Length is
reached.
DDA Algorithm Example
• Example: Line from (2,3) to (6,6)
• dx = 4, dy = 3, Length = 4
• Δx = 1, Δy = 0.75
• Start plotting from (2,3).
Bresenham Algorithm Overview
• The Bresenham algorithm is an incremental
scan conversion algorithm. It uses only integer
calculations to determine the closest pixels.
Bresenham Decision Making
• For each step along the x-axis:
• - Choose between two y-coordinates
• - Select the point closer to the line.
Efficiency of Algorithms
• - DDA minimizes floating-point calculations
using Δx and Δy.
• - Bresenham eliminates floating-point
operations entirely using integers.
DDA vs. Bresenham
• DDA:
• - Uses floating-point operations
• - Simpler to implement
• Bresenham:
• - Uses integer arithmetic
• - More efficient for raster devices.
Applications of Line Drawing
• - Rendering geometric shapes
• - Computer-aided design (CAD)
• - Digital image processing
• - Gaming and simulation.
Conclusion
• Line drawing algorithms are essential for
efficient rendering in computer graphics. DDA
and Bresenham algorithms offer distinct
advantages based on use cases.
Questions?
• Feel free to ask any questions about DDA or
Bresenham algorithms.

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