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13 Conditions

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2 views

13 Conditions

Uploaded by

vy9wmg2mzn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conditional Execution

• What we have learnt in programming so far is


known as a “sequence structure”
• Sequence structures are sets of statements
Sequence Structure that execute in the order in which they
appear
• Unfortunately not all programs can be written
this way…..
Sequence Structure
• Allows your program to “ask a question” and
respond accordingly
Selection Statement • Simplest form – perform an action only if a
certain condition exists
• If the condition is not met, then the action is
not performed
Selection Statement
Selection Statements
in Python
• The trick to writing a selection statement is in
constructing a condition that matches the question
you are trying to ask the computer
• All selection statements must have a condition to
“test”
Boolean Expression • Think of conditions as “yes or no” questions. They
can only be answered by one of two options – “True”
or “False “
•
• Boolean expressions can be used as the condition in
an “if” statement
• They are generally formed using “relational
operators” which allow you to test to see whether a
specific relationship exists between two (or more)
Boolean Expression values
(Cont..) • ALL Boolean expressions boil down to “True” or
“False”
• Programmers often say that the expression
“evaluates” to “True” or “False”

•
Relational Operators

Identity operator: is
Membership Operator: in
Relational Operators
Relational Operators

Lexicographically ordered!!!
• Adding some logic
• The and keyword
• The or keyword
Boolean Expression • The not keyword
(Cont..)
•
• The general form of the IF statement is:

The simple • 4 parts:


“IF Statement” • If: reserved word
• Condition: a Boolean expression
• Colon (: ) : part of its syntax
• Block: The statement(s) that must be executed
if the condition is true
• *The block must be indented
The simple
“IF Statement”
(Example) •
The simple
“IF Statement”
(Example) •
• Two possibilities
• The condition determines which gets executed
• The alternatives are called branches
Alternative Execution • The general form is:
IF/ELSE statement
IF/ELSE statement
(Example)
IF/ELSE statement
(Example)
• More than two possibilities
• Need more than branches

Chained Conditionals

• There is no limit to the number of elif statements but only a single


else statement is allowed
• One condition nested within another

Nested Conditionals
(Example)
• One condition nested within another

Nested Conditionals
(Example)
• Write a program to check if a number is positive
• Write a program to check if a number is positive or
negative
• Write a program to check if a number is positive or
Practice Question negative or zero.
• Guess the number !

Nested Conditionals
(Example)
• Provide a way to simplify nested conditionals

Logical operators • Another way to do it using and operator

• Another alternative syntax:

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