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Class 9 Bio CELL Module 4

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13 views

Class 9 Bio CELL Module 4

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Alpha Candy
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT 1 -

CELL STRUCTURE
(MODULE 4)
• PLASTIDS [ FOUND IN PLANT CELL ONLY]

• Types :

• 1. LEUCOPLASTS

• 2. CHROMOPLASTS

• 3. CHLOROPLASTS
•
• LEUCOPLASTS:
• Colourless
• No pigment
• Store starch
• Eg. Potato
• CHROMOPLASTS
– Coloured plastid
– Present in petals, fruits etc
– Eg. Xanthophyll ( Yellow colour)
– Carotene ( Orange-red)
– Colours in flowers attract insects
that helps in pollination

– Anthocyanins ( Purple, red, blue


colour)
• They are not present in plastids,
but remain dissolved in CELL
SAP
• CHLOROPLASTS
– Green pigment
– Double membraned
– Contain own DNA
– Oval shaped
– Thylakoids contain pigment Chlorophyll
– Trap Solar energy for photosynthesis
NUCLEUS
• CHARACTERISITCS:
• 1. Mostly spherical and dense.
• 2. Nuclear membrane forms boundary filled with nucleoplasm.
• 3. Thread like structures chromatin fibre is present in nucleoplasm which condenses
into chromosomes during cell division. It is made of DNA.
• 4. Round shaped structure Nucleolus is present inside nucleus

• FUNCTIONS
• 1. It regulates and coordinates various life processes of the cell
• 2. It plays an important part in cell divison.
• 3. It contains genes which determine heredity.
• FUNCTIONS

• 4. Chromosomes carry hereditary information from parents to offsprings.


• 5. Nucleolus helps in protein synthesis
CELL INCLUSIONS (NON-LIVING
SUBSTANCES)
Cell inclusions are considered various nutrients or pigments that can be
found within the cell, but do not have activity like other organelles.

• 1. GRANULES:
– Small particles , crystals, droplets present in cytoplasm
– Store starch ( plant cells), glycogen (animal cells) and fats which serves as food for the
cell.
• 2. VACUOLE:
– Clear spaces with water or other substances in solution
– Plant cells have larger vacuole and animal cells have smaller vacuole
– Covered by covering Tonoplast
– Store water and substances like food and waste products
– Give turgidity to plant cells
– Contains pigments like anthocyanins etc.
PROTOPLASM

• Definition: It is the total living substance of a cell

• Cytoplasm + Nucleoplasm = Protoplasm


PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC
CELLS
• Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles or other internal
membrane-bound structures. Therefore, they do not have a nucleus, but, instead,
generally have a single chromosome: a piece of circular, double-stranded DNA
located in an area of the cell called the nucleoid.
• Eukaryotic cells are cells that contain a nucleus and organelles, and are
enclosed by a plasma membrane. Organisms that have eukaryotic cells include
protozoa, fungi, plants and animals.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PROKARYOTIC AND
EUKARYOTIC CELLS
HOME WORK

• 1. Page 18 & 19 Q 1,2,3,4,5 ( Progress check) in HW


copy
• 2. Page 22 Q C 4 and Q D 4 in HW copy

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