Anabolics and their

effect on Exercise
performance Presented to
Dr . Osama Khaled PT PhD

Exercise physiology
PT5
Definition

Anabolic steroids, often referred to as anabolic-androgenic steroids

(AAS), are synthetic versions of testosterone, the male hormone,
created to stimulate muscle growth and improve athletic
performance. Although these steroids have valid medical
applications for conditions such as muscle wasting and hormonal
imbalances, their use outside of a medical context, especially in
sports, poses considerable health risks.
Athletes, bodybuilders, and fitness enthusiasts frequently

misuse these substances to enhance muscle size and

accelerate recovery from rigorous exercise. However, such

misuse can lead to serious health issues, including heart

problems, liver damage, psychological effects like mood

fluctuations and depression, and hormonal imbalances that

can result in infertility and unwanted breast development in

men. While anabolic steroids generally do not cause a

euphoric effect, users may develop a dependency and face

withdrawal symptoms, including depression, when

The difference between Anabolic
and Catabolic
Anabolic Catabolic
processes
involve the building up of processes
break down complex
complex molecules from molecules into simpler
simpler ones, typically forms, releasing energy.
using energy. These These reactions provide the
processes are key to fuel needed for cellular
growth, repair, and muscle activity, such as breaking
building. For example, down glucose during
anabolic reactions include exercise
synthesizing proteins from
amino acids.
Differences in
Exercise
• Anabolic Exercise: This
includes short-duration, high-
intensity activities like
weightlifting, sprinting, and
High-Intensity Interval Training
(HIIT). These exercises
stimulate muscle repair and
growth by creating micro-tears
in muscle fibers, which are
rebuilt during recovery using
energy and nutrients.
Differences in • Catabolic Exercise: Aerobic
Exercise or endurance activities such
as running, swimming, and
cycling fall into this
category. They involve
sustained effort, breaking
down glycogen and fat to
provide energy during the
activity.
Differences in
Exercise

• The combination of anabolic

and catabolic exercises is often
recommended for balanced
fitness, as anabolic workouts
build muscle while catabolic
exercises improve
Effect of anabolic on
exercise
Increased Muscle Mass: Anabolic steroids promote protein
synthesis, leading to increased muscle size and strength.

Enhanced Recovery:They can reduce recovery time after intense

workouts, allowing for more frequent training sessions.
Effect of anabolic on
exercise
Improved Endurance : Some anabolic agents can enhance
endurance by increasing red blood cell production, which
improves oxygen delivery to muscles.

Fat Loss : Anabolic steroids can help in reducing body fat while
preserving lean muscle mass, contributing to a more defined
physique.
Effect of anabolic on
exercise
Psychological Effects :Users may experience increased
aggression and motivation, which can enhance performance
during training.

Potential Side Effects : Long-term use can lead to serious health

risks, including cardiovascular issues, liver damage, hormonal
imbalances, and psychological effects like aggression and mood
swings.
Effect of anabolic on
exercise

Legal and Ethical Considerations :The use of anabolic steroids is

banned in most competitive sports, and their non-medical use is
illegal in many jurisdictions.
 Contraindications

Anabolic steroids are prohibited for certain groups

of people due to health risks, ethical concerns, and
legal regulations. Those typically prohibited from
using anabolic steroids include:

1. Athletes : Many sports organizations, including the

International Olympic Committee and various professional
sports leagues, ban the use of anabolic steroids to ensure fair
competition and to protect athletes’ health.
Contraindications

2. Minors : 3. Individuals with

Individuals under certain medical
the age of 18 are conditions: People
generally advised with specific health
against using issues, such as heart

anabolic steroids disease, liver disease,

due to the potential or hormone-related

for serious side disorders, may be

advised against
effects and the
steroid use due to the
impact on
associated risks.
developing bodies.
Contraindications

4. Pregnant or 5. Individuals using

breastfeeding certain medications :
women: The use of Those taking
anabolic steroids medications that
can harm fetal could interact

development or negatively with

affect nursing anabolic steroids may

infants. be prohibited from

using them.
Side effect
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic derivatives of
testosterone widely used to enhance muscle mass, strength, and
athletic performance. However, their misuse poses significant health
risks, including contraindications and side effects that impact exercise
performance.

1. Cardiovascular Risks: Prolonged use can lead to

cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, hypertension, and
atherosclerosis, which impair physical endurance and
increase the risk of life-threatening events during exercise .
Side effect

2. Musculoskeletal Effects: While AAS may temporarily enhance

muscle strength, they can weaken tendons and increase the risk of
ruptures. Additionally, in adolescents, premature epiphyseal closure
may stunt growth .

3. Reproductive and Hormonal Issues: AAS suppress natural

testosterone production, causing hypogonadism and infertility in
males. Women may experience virilization and menstrual irregularities,
some of which are irreversible .
Side effect

4. Psychological Effects: Abuse is linked to mood swings, aggression,

and dependency, which can hinder consistent training and recovery .

5. Immune and Kidney Function: High doses can suppress immune

function and harm kidney structures, especially under dehydrated or
high-stress conditions during exercise .
Examples of Anabolics and Their Effects on
Exercise Performance
1.Testosterone 3.Clenbuterol 2.Human Growth
Hormone

• Effect: Enhances • Effect: Promotes

muscle mass, strength, • Effect: Increases fat muscle growth,
and recovery by metabolism and lean accelerates recovery,
increasing protein muscle development. and reduces body fat.
synthesis.
• Risks: Heart • Risks: Joint pain,
• Risks: Hormonal palpitations, muscle insulin resistance, and
imbalances, cramps, and high abnormal tissue
cardiovascular disease, blood pressure. growth.
and liver damage.
Examples of some exercises
that athletes can do after
taking Anabolic
1. Strength Training:

- squats: To build thigh and glute muscles.

- Deadlifts: To strengthen the lower back and legs.

- Pull-Ups: To strengthen back and arm muscles.

- Shoulder Press: To strengthen the shoulders.

Examples of some exercises
that athletes can do after
taking Anabolic
2. Weight Training:

- Dumbbell Training:Such as bicep curls and tricep

extensions.

- Bench Press: To strengthen chest muscles.

Examples of some exercises
that athletes can do after
taking Anabolic
3. Endurance Training:

- Running: To improve cardiovascular fitness and

endurance.

- cycling :To enhance endurance and overall fitness.

Examples of some exercises
that athletes can do after
taking Anabolic
4. Functional Strength Training:

- Full-Body Workouts: Such as kettlebell exercises and

CrossFit.

- Jump Squats: To increase strength and endurance.

Examples of some exercises
that athletes can do after
taking Anabolic
5. Flexibility Training:

- Stretching: To improve flexibility and recovery.

These exercises help athletes maximize the effects of

steroids, leading to improved performance, increased
strength, and overall fitness.
Signs and effect of Anabolic
Steroid in Women
There are significant negative physical and psychologic effects of

anabolic steroid use. Anabolic steroid use in women can cause

significant changes .

such as :
• Acne

• Hirsutism

• Deepening of the

voice
• Male pattern
Signs and effect of Anabolic
Steroid in Women
There are significant negative physical and psychologic effects of

anabolic steroid use. Anabolic steroid use in women can cause

significant changes .
• Irregular menstrual cycles
such as :
• Infertility

• Significant muscle growth

• Depression

• Mood instability.

• Biomechanics changes (tendon

Thank
you
Students Names :
Aryam Mohammed Al-sharif
4455559

Aram khalid 4450863

Amaal Menwer Alharbi

4456150

Horya Salah Al-motabaqani

4454414

Reham hlil 4456942

Remas Sameer Abdulshakour

4453458

Maha shalah Al-harbi 4454110

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