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Scheduling of Transaction

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14 views

Scheduling of Transaction

Uploaded by

vinashreemeshram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Title: Scheduling of Transactions

in Advance in DBMS
Subtitle: Ensuring Efficiency and
Consistency in Transaction
Processing
Introduction to Transaction Scheduling

• Definition: Scheduling refers to the order in


which multiple transactions are executed in a
DBMS.
• Importance: Efficient scheduling maintains the
consistency, reliability, and performance of the
database.
• Goals: Avoid conflicts, ensure data integrity,
and optimize system resources.
Why Schedule Transactions in Advance?

• Concurrency Control: Managing multiple


transactions to avoid conflicts.
• Avoid Deadlock: Prevent transactions from
being indefinitely delayed.
• Performance Optimization: Enhancing
resource usage by pre-planning transactions.
Types of Schedules in DBMS

• Serial Schedule: Transactions are executed


one after another without overlapping.
• Non-Serial Schedule: Transactions overlap but
must maintain consistency.
• Serializable Schedule: Non-serial schedule
that ensures the same outcome as a serial
schedule.
Advanced Scheduling Concepts

• Two-Phase Locking (2PL): Locks are applied in


two phases – growing and shrinking – to
ensure serializability.
• Time-Stamp Ordering: Assigns time stamps to
transactions and schedules based on them to
maintain consistency.
• Concurrency Control Protocols: Mechanisms
like Strict 2PL, Thomas’ Write Rule, and
Optimistic Concurrency Control.
Techniques for Scheduling Transactions in Advance

• Time Stamping: Preassigning timestamps to


control transaction order.
• Deadlock Prevention Protocols: Ensuring that
resources are allocated without risking circular
waits.
• Priority Scheduling: Assigning priorities based
on factors like resource requirements or
urgency.
Ensuring Serializability

• Conflict Serializability: Ensures that


transactions are ordered without conflicts.
• View Serializability: Ensures schedules are
equivalent in terms of the database state they
produce.
Real-Life Applications

• Banking Systems: Prevents double withdrawal


or unauthorized access by ensuring
transaction order.
• E-Commerce Transactions: Coordinates
inventory updates and purchases.
• Airline Reservations: Manages seat bookings
in high-traffic periods.
Challenges in Scheduling Transactions

• Deadlocks: Avoiding cycles in waiting for


resources.
• Starvation: Preventing some transactions
from being indefinitely delayed.
• Resource Management: Efficiently utilizing
CPU, memory, and other resources.

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