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Introduction to well logging

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40 views

Introduction to well logging

Uploaded by

belbaliabdelhek
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Kasdi Merbah University of Ouargla

Faculty of Hydrocarbons, Renewable Energies,


Earth and Cosmic Sciences
Hydrocarbon prodction department

Introduction to well
logging

By
Dr
Brahmia NABIL
Algeria / Ouargla /
2024
1
INTERPRETATION OF OPEN HOLE WIRELINE LOGS

WHAT IS A LOG?
A continuous recording versus depth of a set of curves representing various properties of the formations penetrated
in wells.
Two broad categories:
Open hole
- Logs recorded before any casing is run.
- Provide data for petrophysical analysis.
- Used by both petroleum geoscientists and engineers.

Cased hole
- Also referred to as production logs: Run in cased holes.
- Measure flow rates in production wells.
- Monitor the quality of the cement bonding the casing to the
borehole wall.
- Used primarily by petroleum engineers.
Well logging summary

Open Hole logging Cased Hole logging

Conventional log High tech log Cased Hole logging


1. Lithology logs 1. Nuclear magnetic 1. Cement evaluation log :
 SP resonance log  normal CBL , VDL , GR , CCL
 GR (NMR)  Image cement evaluation
SBT
2. Porosity logs : 2. Modular dynamic
 Density URS
 Neutron formation tester RIB
 Sonic (MDT) RBT
USI
3. Resistivity logs : 3. Extended Range USIT
 Laterolog Micro-resistivity
 Induction SCM
Imager(XRMI) T,
 Micro Focused
 Micro resistivity CAS2.production logging
4.Sidewall core (SWC) T
tools ( PLT)
4. Caliper log 3. saturation log
5. Vertical seismic ( RST .PNN ,
profile (VSP) TDT , PNX , RMT )
4.Casing inspection
6. Cross Dipole Array log ( MFC , MIT )
Acoustic Logging 5. SNL (SPECTRAL
( XDT) 3
noise log )
.
Well Logging Objectives

Open Holes
Cased Holes
 Lithology/ shaleness
 Bed depth, and thickness  Monitor water saturation change
 Porosity, permeability index behind casing (TDT)
 Zonal contribution and
 Pore size distribution
production problems diagnosis
 Water saturation/ Fluid contacts (PLT)
 Borehole/casing integrity and
 Formation pressure
condition (Cement/ Corrosion)
 Fluid sample
 Formation Image
 Seismic calibration
Formation Evaluation and Reservoir Characterization

Formation Evaluation:
This involves the analysis of data obtained from well logging, core analysis, and other sources to evaluate the
properties and characteristics of the formations in a reservoir.
Formation evaluation can help to identify the productive zones, estimate the hydrocarbon saturation, and
evaluate the reservoir potential.

Reservoir Characterization:
This involves the study of the physical properties and behavior of the reservoir rock and fluids to understand
their impact on the flow of hydrocarbons. Reservoir characterization can include the analysis of data from
seismic surveys, well logs (open / cased), core samples, and production data.
Wireline logging instruments

Sonde used for measuring caliper with multielectrode


measuring pads on the arms

Sonde used for measuring rock density includes a gamma-ray


source and a gamma-ray detector.

Sonde used for measuring acoustic travel time includes


transmitters and receivers for detecting sonic waves.

Caliper sonde with one specific resistivity rubber pad.


Logging Tools Physics

Radioactivity Electromagnetic Acoustic Electromagnetic

GR Resistivity Sonic SP

Neutron NMR Fm. Pressure

PLT
Density Dielectric (EPT) Spin, Grad, P, T

Caliper
Pulsed Neutron Corrosion
Basic Logs Interpretation

Basic Log Interpretation Workflow

1. Matrix and Porosity


A. Lithology
B. Vsh
C. Porosity

1. Water Saturation
2. Log Permeability Estimation (optional and should be calibrated to core data)
3. Geomechanics Properties
Tools Display Summary

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