Rotary Drilling Bit

Farrah Taha Abdullah

Supervised By Dr. Ayad Abdulhaleem
Outlines
 Bit Types Available
 Bit Selection and Evaluation
 Factors Affecting Tooth Wear
 Factors Affecting Bearing Wear
 Terminating a Bit Run
 Factors Affecting Penetration Rate
 Bit Operation
Bit Types Available
•Roller Cone Bits (Rolling Cutter Bits) :
•The three-cone rolling cutter bit is by far the most common bit type currently used in
rotary drilling operations.This general bit type is available with a large variety of tooth
design and bearing types and, thus, is suited for awide variety of formation
characteristics. Fig. 5.6 is an example of a rolling cutter bit with the various parts
labeled.? The three cones rotate about their axis as the bit is rotated on bottom.
•Drag Bits:
•Consist of fixed cutter blades that are integral with the body of the bit and rotate as a
unit with the drillstring, softer formations like clay or sand. they do not have any rolling
parts, which require strong, clean bearing surfaces. This is especially important in the
small hole sizes, where space is not available for designing strength into both the bit
cutter elements and the bearings needed for a rolling cutter
Roller Cone Bits
Drag Bits
Bit Selection and Evaluation
The selection of the best available bit for the job, like the selection of the best
drilling fluid or drilling cement composition, can be determined only by trial and
error. The most valid criterion for comparing the performance of various bits is
the drilling cost per unit interval drilled. The cost-per-foot formula presented in
Chap. 1 (Eq. 1.16) can be used for this purpose
Bit Types Available
•Roller Cone Bits (Tri-Cone Bits):
•Comprise three rotating cones with teeth that crush and grind the rock.
•Can have milled teeth (for softer formations) or tungsten carbide inserts (for
harder formations).
•Fixed Cutter Bits:
•Have no moving parts; the cutting elements are fixed to the body.
•Common types:
•Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) Bits: Durable and used for cutting
hard formations.
•Natural Diamond Bits: Effective in extremely hard and abrasive conditions.
•Drag Bits:
•Consist of fixed cutter blades that are integral with the body of the bit and rotate as a
unit with the drillstring, softer formations like clay or sand. they do not have any rolling
parts, which require strong, clean bearing surfaces. This is especially important in the
small hole sizes, where space is not available for designing strength into both the bit
cutter elements and the bearings needed for a rolling cutter
Bit Types Available
•Roller Cone Bits (Tri-Cone Bits):
•Comprise three rotating cones with teeth that crush and grind the rock.
•Can have milled teeth (for softer formations) or tungsten carbide inserts (for
harder formations).
•Fixed Cutter Bits:
•Have no moving parts; the cutting elements are fixed to the body.
•Common types:
•Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) Bits: Durable and used for cutting
hard formations.
•Natural Diamond Bits: Effective in extremely hard and abrasive conditions.
•Drag Bits:
•Consist of fixed cutter blades that are integral with the body of the bit and rotate as a
unit with the drillstring, softer formations like clay or sand. they do not have any rolling
parts, which require strong, clean bearing surfaces. This is especially important in the
small hole sizes, where space is not available for designing strength into both the bit
cutter elements and the bearings needed for a rolling cutter
Bit Types Available
•Roller Cone Bits (Tri-Cone Bits):
•Comprise three rotating cones with teeth that crush and grind the rock.
•Can have milled teeth (for softer formations) or tungsten carbide inserts (for
harder formations).
•Fixed Cutter Bits:
•Have no moving parts; the cutting elements are fixed to the body.
•Common types:
•Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) Bits: Durable and used for cutting
hard formations.
•Natural Diamond Bits: Effective in extremely hard and abrasive conditions.
•Drag Bits:
•Consist of fixed cutter blades that are integral with the body of the bit and rotate as a
unit with the drillstring, softer formations like clay or sand. they do not have any rolling
parts, which require strong, clean bearing surfaces. This is especially important in the
small hole sizes, where space is not available for designing strength into both the bit
cutter elements and the bearings needed for a rolling cutter
Bit Types Available
•Roller Cone Bits (Tri-Cone Bits):
•Comprise three rotating cones with teeth that crush and grind the rock.
•Can have milled teeth (for softer formations) or tungsten carbide inserts (for
harder formations).
•Fixed Cutter Bits:
•Have no moving parts; the cutting elements are fixed to the body.
•Common types:
•Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) Bits: Durable and used for cutting
hard formations.
•Natural Diamond Bits: Effective in extremely hard and abrasive conditions.
•Drag Bits:
•Consist of fixed cutter blades that are integral with the body of the bit and rotate as a
unit with the drillstring, softer formations like clay or sand. they do not have any rolling
parts, which require strong, clean bearing surfaces. This is especially important in the
small hole sizes, where space is not available for designing strength into both the bit
cutter elements and the bearings needed for a rolling cutter