Agenda

5G SA/NSA Core Architecture

5G Core 3GPP Function Mapping with Nokia Products
Fastweb 5G Phase-2 Solutions Overview

5G Call Flows

UE Identities
Call Flow

5G Service Map

Call Flow Using Plant-UML

Question & Answers

1 © Nokia 2022
2 © Nokia 2022
5G SA & NSA Call Flow

CNS CS IP Tel – Mrinal Kumar

25th Aug 2022

3 © Nokia 2022 Confidential

 5G Core 3GPP Function Mapping with Nokia Products
3GPP Func. Nokia Product
UDR SDL/One-NDS*
AUSF Nokia UDM

MANO / UDM Nokia UDM

Auxiliaries ARC NetAct NCOM NSP VNO FlowOne CMS-8200,
HSS/HLR
NT-HLR
5G-EIR One-EIR
5G VoNR / IMS
Uhh Ud SCP CSD
HSM d/ Uhh HSM ENUM
NEF Nokia NEF
AAA 5G-EIR AUSF UHd HSS/HLR
d/ UDR UDSF
N5g- UHd SEPP CSD
Nausf Nudm
eir
NSSF NRD
Cx Sh
NRF NRD
N32
IPX SEPP NEF AMF cMM
I/S-CSCF TAS
SMF cMG-C

UPF cMG-U
Nbs
Nam Npc
f Nnssf Nnrf Nsmsf PCF NPC
f f
N1 AMF BSF PCF NSSF NRF SMSF P-CSCF CHF NCC
Nsm Mr’
f SMSF Nokia SMSF
N2 Rx
SMF Nchf I/S-CSCF CFX-5000
N4 N4 CHF TAS Nokia TAS
N2 Gm IMS-AGW MRF
P-CSCF Nokia SBC
5G-Uu IMS-AGW Nokia SBC
Mb
5G UE gNB N3 UPF N9 UPF MRF RadiSys MRF
N6 ENUM NetNumber
Non- Y2 N3 Data
N3IWF 5G CPC Network BSF CSD
3GPP
UDSF SDL

AAA Nokia AAA

NFVI for 5G DM NCS Airframe / HPE / Dell
4 © 2022 Nokia
5G CPC
3GPP Network Function Overview
NRF: Intelligent Resource Discovery and Selection
Policy driven function selection for optimal performance
NRF NSSF AUSF UDM

Maintains the NF profile of available NF

instances and their supported services,
and provides NF discovery and selection SBA Bus

AM SMF1 SMF2
Selection criteria can include location F
N N
(latency), load, Data Network Name 4 4

(application), access network type, slice, N

6

etc. UE gNB UPF1 DN

N N

Provides much more granular policies and UPF2

9
UPF3
6

dynamic capabilities when compared to

DNS selection MEC

5 © 2022 Nokia
3GPP Network Function Overview
AMF: Access and Mobility Management Function
Responsible for all mobility management tasks
PCF AUSF UDM NRF

Handles Registration, Connection,

Reachability and Mobility Management;
relays Session Management messages to SBA Bus

SMF
Performs UE Authentication (via AUSF) and AM
F
SMF

Authorization, interacts with NSSF to N

1
N
N
4
2
validate slicing permissions N N
3 6
UE gNB UPF DN

Delivers SMS over NAS (from SMSF),

interacts with Location Function (LMF),
provides UE mobility notifications UE: User Equipment AUSF: Authentication Server
AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. Function
Function UDM: Unified Data Management
SMF: Session Management DN: Data Network
Function SBA: Service Based Architecture
UPF: User Plane Function

6 © 2022 Nokia
3GPP Network Function Overview
SMF: Session Management Function
Responsible for all session management tasks
PCF AUSF UDM NRF

Handles establishment, modification and

release of PDU sessions. Interacts with
SBA Bus
the access network via the AMF

Performs UPF selection (via NRF) and AM

F
SMF

control (via N4). Handles IP address N

1 N
N
4
2
management N N
3 6
UE gNB UPF DN
Interfaces with the Charging and Policy
functions. Determines the SSC mode of a
PDU session
UE: User Equipment AUSF: Authentication Server
AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. Function
Function UDM: Unified Data Management
SMF: Session Management DN: Data Network
Function SBA: Service Based Architecture
UPF: User Plane Function

7 © 2022 Nokia
3GPP Network Function Overview
Common Data Layer
Shared storage for state efficient processing
UDSF UDR

UDSF can store data from any Network

Function in the 5G Core (unstructured
AUSF SMSF
data)
UDR can store policy data from the PCF, UDM PCF NEF

subscriber data from the UDM, and SBA Bus

exposure data from the NEF

AM SMF NRF NSSF AF
F

This architectures allows stateless AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. UDM: Unified Data Management
functions, providing more robustness by Function SMSF: SMS Function
SMF: Session Management PCF: Policy Control Function
decoupling compute and storage Function NEF: Network Exposure Function
NRF: NF Repository Function UDR: Unified Data Repository
NSSF: Network Slice Selection UDSF: Unstructured Data Storage
Function Function
AF: Application Function
AUSF: Authentication Server
Function

8 © 2022 Nokia
3GPP Network Function Overview
UPF: User Plane Function
Responsible for all user plane forwarding tasks
PCF AUSF UDM NRF

Performs all user plane functions on the

packets: forwarding, routing, marking,
QoS, inspection, etc. SBA Bus

Enforces policies received from the PCF (via AM

F
SMF

N N
SMF). Sends traffic usage reporting to the 1 N
2
4

SMF for charging. N

3
N
6
UE gNB UPF DN

Connects to external networks (N6)

UE: User Equipment AUSF: Authentication Server
AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. Function
Function UDM: Unified Data Management
SMF: Session Management DN: Data Network
Function SBA: Service Based Architecture
UPF: User Plane Function

9 © 2022 Nokia
 UDSF UDR

3GPP Network Function Overview

UDM: Unified Data Management
Supports management of User Subscription Data
AUSF SMSF

UDM PCF NEF

SBA Bus

UDM is a network function for the

Subscription data management AM
F
SMF NRF NSSF AF

Manages access and mobility

SBI (Service-based Interface) processing AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. UDM: Unified Data Management
Function SMSF: SMS Function
SMF: Session Management PCF: Policy Control Function
Function NEF: Network Exposure Function
NRF: NF Repository Function UDR: Unified Data Repository
NSSF: Network Slice Selection UDSF: Unstructured Data Storage
Function Function
AF: Application Function
AUSF: Authentication Server
Function

10 © 2022 Nokia
3GPP Network Function Overview
Network Capabilities Exposure
Allows external applications access to the 5G Core
UDSF UDR

Exposes 5G Core capabilities and events

to external applications. Uses the UDR as
its data source AUSF SMSF 3rd
Part
y
UDM PCF NEF
Allows 3rd parties to securely provision Apps
SBA Bus
information to the 5G Core (e.g. Expected
UE Behavior)
AM SMF NRF NSSF AF
F

Handles masking of sensitive network AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. UDM: Unified Data Management
information to external parties Function SMSF: SMS Function
SMF: Session Management PCF: Policy Control Function
Function NEF: Network Exposure Function
NRF: NF Repository Function UDR: Unified Data Repository
NSSF: Network Slice Selection UDSF: Unstructured Data Storage
Function Function
AF: Application Function
AUSF: Authentication Server
Function
11 © 2022 Nokia
3GPP Network Function Overview
AUSF: Authentication Server Function
Supports authentication for 3GPP access and untrusted non-3GPP
access
UDSF UDR

AUSF service supports Authentication

request/vectors
AUSF SMSF

Serves as an EAP server for non-3GPP UDM PCF NEF

access authentication SBA Bus

AM SMF NRF NSSF AF

F

SBI (Service-based Interface) processing AMF: Access & Mobility Mgmt. UDM: Unified Data Management
Function SMSF: SMS Function
SMF: Session Management PCF: Policy Control Function
Function NEF: Network Exposure Function
NRF: NF Repository Function UDR: Unified Data Repository
NSSF: Network Slice Selection UDSF: Unstructured Data Storage
Function Function
AF: Application Function
AUSF: Authentication Server
Function

12 © 2022 Nokia
Fastweb
 5G SA Option5G
2
Phase-2 Solutions Overview
Architecture

 Airframe HW RM 19

 NCS 22.0 & NCOM

22FP1

 Containerized PaCo
(CMM, CMG & NRD)

 Appliance (UPF) on AF
RM 19

 Containerized
AUSF_UDM, HLR_HSS,
5G EIR

 Containerized NPC, 5G
CSD & NEF

 VNF SDL

 NetAct, NFM-P, NADCM,

ARC(B&R) on BM
13 © Nokia 2022 Confidential
 VMVNO Cloud Core including 5G SA
Fastweb OSS

Fastwe
b CRM NetAct NFM-P ARC *NADCM
EMS & Backup
SPMl

DIAMETER
5G Core on CNF/VNF
MAP LDAP
IMS Domain
LDAP
Sh
IP-SM- MMTel/
GW SCC-AS
Sh HSS HLR UDR
MAP-D STP
S6a
MAP-C UHHd LDAP LDAP LDAP

S/I-CSCF P-CSCF
DRA/ PCF+
Rx 5G EIR AUSF UDM NEF
Cx DEA PCRF

Interconnect N5g-eir Nausf Nudm Npcf Nnef

SCP SEPP
Namf Nsmf Nnrf
MNOs Network

S6a AMF SMF NRF BSF

MME S11 SGW-C STP
N26
N26
Interconnect PGW-C/ N4
MAP-C MME SGW-C
S8-C
S1-MME MSS SGW-U DRA/
DEA SGi DN
Sv,SGs S11-u

PGW-U/
eNB S8-U SGW-U UPF
N1
GGSN
SGi
N2 UPF on ANF
N3

gNB Nokia Network Application

UE UE Fastweb Network Application

14 © 2022 Nokia Confidential
MNO Network Application
Phase-2 : SW Release
PHASE 2 Type for RFS SW releases for RFS

Type Network Function CNF/BM/ANF SW Rel GA

HSS/HLR ( Registers) CN-B 22.5 May-22

5G EIR (Registers) CN-B 22.5 May-22
PCF/PCRF (NPC) CN-B 22.5 May-22
SCP/BSF/SEPP (CSD) CN-B 22.5 May-22
Network Application UDM/AUSF (Registers) CN-B 22.5 May-22
NEF CN-B 22.5 May-22
AMF/MME (CMM) CN-B 22.5 May-22
NRF/NSSF (NRD) CN-B 22.5 May-22
SMF/SGW-C/PGW-C/GGSN-C (CMG-C) CN-B 22.5 May-22
NCS Infra 22 Feb-22
Infra
NCOM Infra 22FP1 Feb-22
Arc (B&R) BM 22.0FP1 Jun-22
NFM-P BM 22.6 Jun-22
Bare Metal
NetAct BM 22FP2208 Aug-22
NADCM BM 21 Available
Appliance UPF/SGW-U/PGW-U/ GGSN-U (CMG-U) ANF 22.5 May-22

CBIS 19A
Infra Available
CBIS mp3
From Phase 1
CBAM Infra 19.5 sp2 Available
SDL VNF (*) 21.8 Available
15 © 2022 Nokia
Registration to NRF
UE Identities
Identities Comments
SUCI SUCI (Subscription Concealed Identifier) is a privacy preserving identifier containing the concealed SUPI.
Note :- For SUCI structure, please see TS23.003

SUPI SUPI (Subscription Private Identifier) is a globally unique 5G Subscription Permanent Identifier allocated to
each subscriber in the 5G System

5G-GUTI 5G-GUTI (5G Globally Unique Temporary UE Identity provides) an unambiguous identification of the UE that
does not reveal the UE or the user's permanent identity in the 5G System (5GS).
<5G-GUTI> = <GUAMI><5G-TMSI>
Where
<GUAMI> = <MCC><MNC><AMF Identifier>
and
<AMF Identifier> = <AMF Region ID><AMF Set ID><AMF Pointer>

5G-S-TMSI <AMF Set ID> <AMF Pointer> <5G-TMSI>

GUAMI <MCC> <MNC> <AMF Region ID> <AMF Set ID> <AMF Pointer>

16 © 2022 Nokia
Agenda
5G SA/NSA Core Architecture
3GPP Function Mapping with Nokia Products
Fastweb 5G Phase-2 Solutions Overview

5G Call Flows

UE Identities
Call Flow

5G Service Map

Call Flow Using Plant-UML

Question & Answers

17 © 2022 Nokia
18 © 2022 Nokia <Document ID: change ID in footer or remove> <Change information classification in fo
oter>
Registration to NRF
Call Flow
NF NRF

PUT NFs register to the NRF with available services

201 Created

PATCH Patch/204 is a lightweight

heartbeat to reaffirm
204 No registration and occurs at
content regular intervals, e.g. 60
seconds.

19 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

NF Profile Update
Call Flow
NF NRF

PUT NFs performs a complete profile in NRF using PUT

method
200 OK

PATCH PATCH method is used for partial update of

the NF profile.
200 OK

20 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

NF Discovery via NRF
Call Flow Retrieve NFs that meets matching criteria. NFs must be in ‘REGISTERED’ state on NRF to be
discovered
NF NRF

GET
200 OK DATA

21 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

NF deregistration from NRF
Call Flow The NF deregisters from NRF using DELETE request on the URI representing the specific NF
instance
NF NRF

DELETE
204 NO CONTENT

22 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

Registration Management, UE Initial Registration
Overview SMF/UPF not involved in
UE registration
procedures.
UDM
AUSF SDM/ 5G-EIR NRF Unlike 4G attach,
UECM
N8 N10 registration to the
Nausf Nudm 2,5 Nnrf network does not
6,7,8 4 require a PDN context.
SBA/
3 HTTP2
Landslide
simulated
Nam
f
9 1 1. UE Registration Request UL
UE AMF 2. Query NRF for AUSF Selection
N1/N2 3. Query AUSF for Authentication
gNB 4. Query PEI status check
SCTP/NGAP/
NAS 5. Query NRF for UDM/UECM
Selection
6. PUT uecm
7. GET SDM data
8. POST UDM for Subscription
9. Notify UE of registration

23 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

PDU Session Establishment (1/3)
Call Flow SCTP/NGAP/NAS
TCP/HTTP2
UE/gNB AMF AUSF UDM PCF NRF SMF UPF

NAS: PDU Session Establishment Request

SMF
discovery/selection
GET Query NRF for SMF

POST /nsmf-pdusession/…/sm-contexts
UDM
discovery/selection
GET Query SM subscription data
DATA

PUT imsi smf-registration

POST imsi subscription

24 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

PDU Session Establishment (3/3)
Call Flow SCTP/NGAP/NAS
TCP/HTTP2
UE/gNB AMF AUSF UDM PCF NRF SMF UPF
UDP/PFCP

UPF selection

PFCP Session Establishment Request

PFCP Session Establishment Response
201 Created
POST N1/N2 Message transfer
200 OK

PDUSessionResourceSetupRequest, NAS: PDU Session Establishment Accept

PDUSessionSetupResponse
POST PDU session sm-context modify
PFCP Session Modification Request
PFCP Session Modification Response
200 OK

Bidirectional user plane established for PDU session

25 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

EPS interworking, 5G-4G handover
Overview
Database
HSS
S6a

N2 UDM
MME 6 AMF SDM/ AUSF
UECM
S1-
MME Namf Nudm
Nausf SBA/HTTP2
Nuec
m
Landslide S1 SGW
simulated Nsmf Npcf Nnrf
u S5c
PGW- PCF
SMF PCRF NRF
C
N1/N2
eNB S5u N4

UE
PGW-
UPF
Data
N3 U network
gNB N6

26 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

LTE interworking - handover
Call Flow SCTP/NGAP/NAS
TCP/HTTP2
UE/gNB AMF eNB MME SGW PCF SMF UPF
UDP/PFCP

NAS: HandoverRequired
HandoverType
Target-eNB,TAI
PDUsessionList
POST PDU context request
PFCP Session Modification
200 OK

MME selection
EPS bearer context

Forward Relocation Request Create Session Request

EPS bearer context
Create Session Response
Handover Request

EPS bearer context

Handover Response
Create Indirect Data Forwarding Tunnel
Forward Relocation Response

27 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

 PDU Session Release
Call Flow SCTP/NGAP/NAS
TCP/HTTP2
UE/gNB AMF AUSF UDM PCF NRF SMF UPF
UDP/PFCP

NAS: PDU Session Release Request

POST PDU session sm-context modify

PFCP Session Deletion Request

PFCP Session Deletion Response

PDUSessionReleaseComman
d, NAS: PDU Session Release DATA PDU Session Release Command
Command
NAS: PDU Session Release Complete
PDUSessionReleaseResponse
PDU Session Release Complete

POST notify of resource release

DELETE smf-registration
DATA

28 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

LTE interworking - handover
Call Flow SCTP/NGAP/NAS
TCP/HTTP2
UE/gNB AMF eNB MME SGW PCF SMF UPF
UDP/PFCP

POST PDU Session Update

PFCP Session Modification – indirect tunnel
200 OK
Handover cmd, Indirect flow
Handover Command
Indirect Tunnel from gNB to eNB

Handover Notify

Relocation Complete Notification

Relocation Complete Ack Modify Bearer Request
Modify Bearer Request
PFCP Session Modification
Modify Bearer Response
Modify Bearer Response
SMpolicyUpdate
RAT changed - EUTRAN
PDU session is moved to LTE

29 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

PDU Session Establishment – LTE interworking
Call Flow SCTP/NGAP/NAS
TCP/HTTP2
UE/gNB AMF AUSF UDM PCF NRF SMF UPF

NAS: PDU Session Establishment Request

SMF selection for IWK

POST /nsmf-pdusession/…/sm-contexts

GET Query SM subscription data

DATA

PUT imsi smf-registration

pgwfqdn: s5c address

POST imsi subscription

POST /namf-comm/v1/ue-contexts/imsi-xx/assign-ebi
PDUsessionID, arpList
200 OK
epsBearerId
201 Created
POST N1/N2 Message transfer
EPS bearer context
200 OK

30 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

LTE interworking - handover
Call Flow SCTP/NGAP/NAS
TCP/HTTP2
UE/gNB AMF eNB MME SGW HSS UDM UPF
UDP/PFCP

TAU request
Update Location request/answer
TAU accept iwDeregistrationNotificatioin

POST ../imsi-xx/registration/amf-3gpp-access/notification

UEContextReleaseCommand

UEContextReleaseComplete

DELETE /nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-xx/sdm-subscription/xyz

31 © 2022 Nokia Confidential

32 © 2022 Nokia