Historical Background of

Science and Technology in

the Philippines

Module 2
September 14,
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2022
 Pre – Colonial
Period
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 Even before the Spain
colonized the country,
science and technology
has already existed with
regards to agriculture like
farming, animal – raising,
and the utilization of
Agriculture - Philippines plants and herbs as
medicines.
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 The use of technology is evident
in the handicrafts, pottery,
weaving, and tools used by
ancient Filipinos in their
everyday life.
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Manunggul Jar
 They developed tools for
planting, hunting, cooking,
fishing, and also for fighting
enemies during tribal conflicts.

They used indigenous

technology in building houses,
irrigations and transportation,
both on land and on
waterways.
Mode of transportation in the
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Philippines during pre-

colonial era
 The alphabet was already
established in the pre-colonial
period.

Baybayin is one of the most

common alphabets during this
period.
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Baybayin
 The Banaue rice terraces are
among the sophisticated
products of engineering during
pre-colonial period.
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Banaue rice terraces

 Spanish
Colonial Period
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 Spanish colonization paved way to
modern means of construction.

Roads, bridges, churches, and other large

infrastructures were built with more
sophistication using some engineering
skills and tools brought by the Spaniards.

Spanish colonizers also developed health

and education system in the country.
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Spanish colonization
 The Spaniards have
established colleges and
universities such as Ateneo
de Manila University and
the oldest university in
Asia, the University of Sto.
Tomas.

UST – Main building

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 Galleon trade made a
big impact in the
economic growth of the
Philippines.
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Galleon trade
 Galleon trade
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 American
Colonial Period
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 The American colonial rule
modernized almost all
aspects of life in the
country.

The Bureau of Government

laboratories was
established during this
period. It served a purpose
to study the tropical
disease and laboratory
Bureau of Government projects in the country.
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laboratories
 Post - Colonial
Period
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 After achieving independence
from the colonial masters, the
Philippines, under different
administrations, continued to
pursue programs in science and
technology.
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 Established the National
Science Development Board
(NSDB), known as the
Department of Science &
Technology.

Pres. Carlos P.
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Garcia (1957 -
1961)
 Proclaimed 35 hectares in Bicutan,
Taguig, Rizal as the site of the
Philippine Science Community.

Provided scholarships for graduate

and undergraduate science scholars.

Added the Philippine Coconut

Research Institute to the NSDB to
Pres. Ferdinand modernize the coconut industry.
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Marcos (1965 -
1986)
 Enacted a law on the completion of
the National Agriculture and Life
Sciences Research Complex at the
University of the Philippines at Los
Baños.

Established the Mindanao and

Visayas campuses of the Philippine
Science High School to encourage
Pres. Ferdinand
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Marcos (1965 - careers in science and technology.

1986)
 Established other research institutes
like PAGASA, National Grains
Authority, Philippine Council for
Agricultural Research, Philippine
National Oil Company among others.

Pres. Ferdinand
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Marcos (1965 -
1986)
 Gave assistance to Filipino inventors
through giving financial aid, patent
application assistance, legal
assistance, and to help inventors
market their products domestically
and abroad.

Established the “Science for the

Masses Program” which aims to
Pres. Corazon increase the scientific and
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Aquino (1986 -
1992)
technological literacy of Filipinos.
 Established additional Philippine
Science High Schools in Visayas and
Mindanao.

Provided 3,500 scholarships for

students who were taking up
professions related to S&T

Schools were becoming more

Pres. Fidel V. modernized and updated with the
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Ramos (1992 -
addition of high-tech equipment for
1998)
students.
 Implemented the Republic Act No.
7459 also known as Inventions
Incentives Act - give incentives and
rewards to people who have been
influential in the field of S&T.

Enacted the Intellectual Property

Code of the Philippines - Republic Act
No. 8293
Pres. Fidel V.
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Ramos (1992 -
1998)
 Launched a full-scale program based on
cost-effective irrigation technologies.

Establishment of one science high school in

every province.

Advancement of industries and schools into

the Internet age

Passage of the e-Commerce Act of the

Pres. Joseph Philippines – R.A. No. 8792
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Estrada (1998 -
2001)
 She enacted and created numerous laws
and projects that that were focused on
environment and science.

During her administration, the curriculum

of the Philippine Science High School
(PSHS), focused on science, technology and
mathematics.

She also imposed Republic Act 10601 which

Pres. Gloria improves the Agriculture and Fisheries
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Macapagal Arroyo Sector through Mechanization (AFMech)

(2001 - 2010)
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 ACTIVITY 1 – Groupings

Filipino Scientists and their

Inventions
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 Divide the class into 5
groups with at least 9
members.
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 Filipino Photo of the Invention Explain the
Scientist Scientist Importance of
the invention
1. Dr. Arturo
Alcaraz
2. Julian Banzon

3. Pedro Escuro

4. Dr. Francisco
Fronda
5. Felix Maramba
6. Luz Oliveros
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Belardo
 Filipino Photo of the Invention Explain the
Scientist Scientist Importance of
the invention
7. Emerita De
Guzman
8. Dr. Fe Del
Mundo
9. Gregorio Zara
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 DEADLINE: September 19 / 5 P.M.
Reference (APA style)
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THANK YOU!
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