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Module 2 Quantitative and Qualitative Research

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Module 2 Quantitative and Qualitative Research

Uploaded by

Camille Santos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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•Test Hypothesis

QUANTITATI •Expressed in NUMBERS


VE •Larger Sample Size
•Statistical Analysis
•Survey questions
•Formulate Hypothesis
QUALITATIV •Expressed in WORDS
E •Smaller sample size
•Summarize, categorize,
interpret
• Interview Questions
- To develop a deep and holistic understanding of a

PURPOSE phenomenon.

MODULE 2
STRENGTH -
-
It elevates the respect of individualities
It promotes positive societal changes
S - Observing or detailing real-life events in their
natural setting

MODULE 2
- Time Consuming

WEAKNESS - Researchers’ subjectivity

MODULE 2
Instruction: Create different interesting questions that you wonder
Instruction: Create different interesting questions that you wonder
about. Start with the following interrogative pronouns. Write your
about. Start with the following interrogative pronouns. Write your
answers on a clean sheet of paper.
answers on a clean sheet of paper.

1. Who _____________________________________________________?

2. What_____________________________________________________?

3. When_____________________________________________________?

4. Where____________________________________________________?

5. Why______________________________________________________?

6. How______________________________________________________?

PRE-ACTIVITY
Categories of research methods

Research methods are broadly distinguished between the following categories:

Quantitative Qualitative Mixed Methods


 Measure prevalence of  Explore and discover  Combines both
issues, verify hypotheses themes, develop qualitative and
and establish causal theories, rather than verify quantitative to (1) collect
relations between hypotheses and measure and analyze both types of
variables occurrences data and (2) use both
 Large samples,  Smaller samples, semi- approaches in tandem
structured data collection, structured data collection,
and predominantly inductive analysis
deductive analysis

THINK ABOUT IT!


Categories of research methods

Research methods are broadly distinguished between the following categories:

Quantitative Qualitative Mixed Methods


 Measure prevalence of  Explore and discover  Combines both
issues, verify hypotheses themes, develop qualitative and
and establish causal theories, rather than verify quantitative to (1) collect
relations between hypotheses and measure and analyze both types of
variables occurrences data and (2) use both
 Large samples,  Smaller samples, semi- approaches in tandem
structured data collection, structured data collection,
and predominantly inductive analysis
deductive analysis

METHODS
Differences between quantitative & qualitative research

The distinction between quantitative and qualitative research is not always as clear-cut:

 Individual and household surveys


o Commonly associated with quantitative, large sample research
o Could also be used for a qualitative case study
 Key Informant interviews and community discussions
o Commonly associated with qualitative, semi-structured data collection & analysis
o Could also be used for quantitative data collection & analysis where time and resources do
not allow a large, representative sample
 Focus Group Discussions
o Perhaps the most distinctly qualitative research method, always administered using a semi-
structured data collection tool
o Often analysed using content analysis i.e. a somewhat quantitative approach counting the
number of times a theme or set of words appear with the discussion transcripts
o This content analysis can then inform the more in-depth qualitative analysis.

QUANTI VS
“The methodology is an outline of the overall data collection and analysis

strategy that will be used to implement the research cycle”

METHODOLOG
Here is a simple example on how you can apply two methods differently on the
same research question, “How satisfied are students with their studies?”
Click in the icon below to insert your picture

In quantitative research, you may survey In qualitative research, you may conduct
250 students at your school and ask them a in-depth interviews with 15 students and ask
question, “On a scale from 1-5, how satisfied them open-ended questions such as:
are you with your studies?” Then, you can “How satisfied are you with your
perform statistical analysis on the data and studies?”, “What is the most positive aspect
draw conclusions such as: “On average, of your study program?”, and “What can be
students rated their studies 4.1”. done to improve the study program?”
Based on their answers, you can ask follow-
up questions to clarify things. Furthermore,
you can transcribe all interviews and try to
find patterns and commonalities.

EXAMPLE
In addition, below are some examples of research conducted by Abdullah (2019; 2020) to give you
a glimpse on how the two methodologies can be applied in different studies.

3. Types &
applicability
of different
research
methods
SUMMARY/CONCLUSION
Generally, quantitative and qualitative research differs in the
type of data they produce. The former dwells on the collection of
numerical data analyzed by statistical analysis, while the latter
deals with descriptive, in-depth, and holistic data analyzed by
summarizing, categorizing, and interpreting. On this note, you need
to use quantitative research if you want to confirm or test a theory
or hypothesis and use qualitative research if you want to
understand concepts, thoughts, and experiences.

GENERALIZATI
ASSESSMENT

For your activity, please refer to page


24 of your book and answer the activity
entitled “Writing Task”.

ASSESSMENT

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