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Concepts of Rational Functions- No Background Colors

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Luz Añonuevo Aquillo
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3 views

Concepts of Rational Functions- No Background Colors

Uploaded by

Luz Añonuevo Aquillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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General Mathematics

Prof. Aurelia Luz A. Aquillo


UMAK

CONCEPTS OF
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS
kalowewe
ks 7
ab

NOT
kaloweweks
15 x +2½
5x 3/4
+9
x 3 x+2 x+2
RATIONAL EXPRESSION,
RATIONAL EQUATION

A rational expression is an expression that can


be written as a ratio of two polynomials.

A rational expression can be described as a


function where either the numerator,
denominator or both have a variable on it.

What if we have, rational expressions with


equal sign like

They are now, rational equation- an equation


involving two or more rational expression.
RATIONAL EXPRESSION,
RATIONAL EQUATION

Examples of rational equation:


1 1 4 xx
2
1
 x  5 
x 5 x x x 1 x 1
Solving Rational Equation:

Procedures for solving rational equation:


1. Eliminate the denominators by multiplying
each term of the equation by the least common
denominator (LCD).
2. Solve the equation.
3. Simplify 4. Check the answer
RATIONAL EXPRESSION,
RATIONAL EQUATION

Let’s go back to example 1:

LCD = 10 x .
Multiply LCD to both side of equation.. Solve ,
them simplify.
RATIONAL EXPRESSION,
RATIONAL EQUATION

Example 2: 1 3 1
 
4 x 2

Solve for x :
Multiply both side of equation by LCD = 4x
x = 12 – 2x
3x = 12 Divide both
sides by 3

x=4
Answer: x =
4
RATIONAL EXPRESSION,
RATIONAL EQUATION
Seatwork:
Solve the following rational equation.
1.
3( y  3) 3 y 1
2 
y 1 y 1

2. y 2 1
 
9 5 3

3. x x
15 
5 3
RATIONAL FUNCTION
 Let’s Review first what polynomials are.
Identify the polynomial functions below:
polynomia
1. f(x) = 5 -2x+4x – 2x l
2 4
NOT
2. g(x) = 3x -4x + 7 – x polynomial
3 -1

3. h(x) = √6x + 2 NOT


polynomial
4. f(x) = (x +4x)
2 2 polynomia
l
5. f(x) = -5x +8x – 2x +
4 2
3
polynomia
l
Polynomial function p of degree n is a function that can be written
in the form
p(x) = an x n + an-1 xn-1 + an-2 xn-2+...+ a1x +a0
n is a positive integer
RATIONAL FUNCTION
Real-life Application of Rational Functions
1. The local barangay received a budget of P100,000 to
provide medical checkups for the children in the
barangay. The amount is to be allotted equally
among all the children in the barangay.
Write an equation representing the relationship of
the allotted amount per child (y-variable) versus the
100,000
total
y
Answer: number of children (x-variable).
x

No.of children, x 10 20 50 100 300 500 1000

Allocated amount, y 10,000.00 5,000.00 2,000.00 1,000.00 333.33 200.00 100.00


RATIONAL FUNCTION
Real-life Application of Rational Functions
2. A philanthropist wants to supplement the budget allotted for
each child by providing an additional P750 for each child in
the barangay. If g(x) represents this new amount allotted for
each child, construct a function representing this
relationship.
Answerg ( x) 100,000  750
: x

No.of children, x 10 20 50 100 300 500 1000

Allocated amount, y 10,750.00 5,750.00 2,750.00 1,750.00 1,083.33 950.00 850.00


RATIONAL FUNCTION

 A rational function is a function that is the


ratio or quotient of two polynomials which can
be written in the form:
P( x)
 f(x) = Q( x)

 Where P(x) and Q(x) are polynomials such


that the denominator Q(x) is not equal to
zero.
 Domains of rational functions of input x are all
real numbers except values that would make
the denominator of the function zero.
RATIONAL FUNCTION

The function can represent v as a function of t ,


as
10
v(t ) 
t
RATIONAL FUNCTION

Solutio
n:
RATIONAL FUNCTION

What do these examples


have in common?

In all cases, there is a variable in


the denominator.
RATIONAL FUNCTION
Seatwork:
1. Suppose the amount of bacteria growing in a petri
dish is represented by the function
50t 0≤ t ≤ 20
b(t ) 
t 1 Where t is in hours and b(t)
is in millions.

Evaluate the function at


t = 1, 2, 5, 10, 20. Interpret the obtained values
Answers: 25; 33.33; 41.67 ; 45.45 ; 46.88 ; 47.62
The population increases but does not exceed 48
million.
RATIONAL FUNCTION
Seatwork:
2.) A company consultant found out that the sale of
company’s leading product is a function of the number
of minutes in television advertisement during primetime
shows. The sale follows the equation, f(x)= 1000x ,
where f(x) = number of unit sales
x2 – 5 (in thousand)
x = number of minutes in TV
advertisement
What is the predicted number of sales in thousands,
assuming the company will pay for 120 minutes TV ads?

Answer: 8.336 thousand units


= 8,336 units
RATIONAL FUNCTION
Seatwork:
3. Joemark takes 15 minutes and Jake takes 60
minutes for the newspaper distribution in Sta. Ana.
How long would it take for both of them, working
together to distribute the newspaper in Sta. Ana?
4. Suppose the cost per ton, C(x), to build an oil
platform of x thousand tons Cis( xapproximately
)
312,500 by
x  625

a. ) What is the cost per ton for 30 thousand tons?


b.) How many thousand tons was the platform if
the cost was $483?
RATIONAL FUNCTION
Seatwork:
5. The average cost per unit C(x) to produce x units of
plywood is given by
300
C ( x) 
x  10
What is the cost per unit when 590 units are
produced?

Answers:
3.) 12 minutes
4.) $500 ; 22 thousand tons
5.) $ 0.5
RATIONAL INEQUALITY
A rational inequality is composed of rational
expressions combined with a ≤ , ≥ , < or > sign.

Some examples of rational inequalities are:

1 x2 1 2
7 0  1
x x 3 2 x2  1
x 3 :
Evaluate the inequality 0
x 5
Solution:
Find the values of x that satisfy the inequality of less than or equal
to zero ( ≤ 0)
The possible values of x are x = -3 and x = 5

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