Study on the Suitability of Reusing

Masonry Waste as Partial Replacement of

Fine Aggregate to Development Grade 25
and 30 Concrete

U.D. Hewage- - 2013169cl1

W.M.P. Madusanka - 154893
H.H.N.H. Peiris - 154307
J.A.L.C. Jayasinghe - 154271
E.A.A.P. Ekanayaka - 166809
P.S.S. Dissanayake - 154875
Outline.. 01 Introduction

02 Objectives
03 Methodology
04 Results

06 Conclusion

07 Future recommendations

08 References
troduction-background
Natural aggregates has decreased
significantly due to the growth of number of
city development.
There are many types of sand.
1. River sand
2. Sea sand
3. M sand

The annual national demand of sand is

approximately 7 million cubic meters.
Large-scale of river sand excavation of the
river beds is done to fulfill the river sand
demand of the country.
ntroduction- Significant of the research
 Nowadays fine aggregates (sand) is used for the every construction works.
Therefore, fine aggregates quantity will decrease in Sri Lanka.

 Main resources of obtaining fine aggregates is river sand.

 Long time sand mining in river beds creates environmental problems such as
coastal erosion, river bed deepening, and sea water penetration.

 In order to limit exploitation of river sand, alternatives must be needed.

 From this project, check whether the masonry waste can be used as a
replacement for the fine aggregates.
Objectives.
…
Objective 1
Identify the properties of Plaster Waste. Analyze the particle size
distribution, Water absorption, Specific gravity of plaster waste
and other aggregates.

Objective 2
Identify the Possibilities of using Plaster Waste as a
Partial replacement of river sand to produce grade 25
concrete and 30 concrete.
Methodology
….
Select mix proportion

Testing suitability of
Materials

Preparing Trial Mix Proportions

Casting Cubes Testing of cubes

Conclusion &
Recommendations Selection of appropriate mix
proportion
Methodology
….
Select mix proportion…
Concrete grade Cement : Sand : Metal

Grade 25 1 : 1.5 : 3

Grade 30 1:1:2

Testing of Materials…

1. Specific gravity test

2. Water absorption test
3. Sieve analysis test
4. Cube test
5. Slump test
Methodology
Preparing trial mix ….
proportions…
Trial sample Plaster waste : River sand
Sample 1 0:1
Sample 2 0.2 : 0.8
Sample 3 0.4 : 0.6
Sample 4 0.6 : 0.4
Sample 5 0.8 : 0.2
Sample 6 1:0
 Therefore 3 samples of each proportion for grade 25 and grade 30 concrete.

 Check the strength of the concrete for 7th, 14th, 21th and, 28th days.

 Prepared the 144 samples in this study.

Methodology
Preparing trial mix ….
proportions…
Sample Total trial samples (144)
No. 7th days 14th days 21st days 28th days
Grade 25 Grade 30 Grade 25 Grade 30 Grade 25 Grade 30 Grade 25 Grade 30

Sample 01 1-3 4-6 7-9 10-12 13-15 16-18 19-21 22-24

Sample 02 25-27 28-30 31-33 34-36 37-39 40-42 43-45 46-48

Sample 03 49-51 52-54 55-57 58-60 61-63 64-66 67-69 70-72

Sample 04 73-75 76-78 79-81 82-84 85-87 88-90 91-93 94-96

Sample 05 97-99 100-101 102-104 106-108 109-111 112-114 115-117 118-120

Sample 06 121-123 124-126 127-129 130-132 133-135 136-138 139-141 142-144

Results
….
Water absorption, Specific gravity test for Fine aggregates (sand and plaster waste),
and coarse aggregates…

Test Fine aggregates Coarse aggregates

Sand Plaster waste

Specific gravity 2.606 2.508 2.620

Apparent specific 2.655 2.637 2.728

gravity
Water absorption 0.7% 1.97% 0.75%
 Results
….
Sieve analysis test for Fine aggregates - sand …

Sieve Sand 120

size Passing Required
(mm) percentage gradation 100

Passing percentage (%)

80
14 100 -
10 99.78 100 60

5 98.80 95-100
40
2.36 92.11 80-100
1.18 64.15 50-85 20

0.6 14.77 25-60

0
0.3 3.46 10-30 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Sieve Size (mm)
0.15 1.47 2-10
0.075 1.23 - Lower limit Test results Upper limit

Pan 0.00 -
 Results
….
Sieve analysis test for Fine aggregates – Plaster waste …

Sieve Plaster waste 120

size Passing Required
(mm) percentage gradation 100

Passing percentage (%)

80
14 - -
10 100 100 60

5 98.2 95-100
40
2.36 92.1 80-100
20
1.18 68.5 50-85
0.6 46.3 25-60 0
0.01 0.1 1 10
0.3 27 10-30 Sieve Size (mm)

0.15 2 2-10 Lower limit Test results Upper limit

0.075 1.1 -
 Results
….
Sieve analysis test for Coarse aggregate …
Sieve Coarse aggregates 120
size Passing Required
(mm) percentage gradation 100

Passing percentage (%)

80
37.50 100 100
19.50 97.88 88-100 60

14 21.18 0-53
40
10 0.25 0-11
5 0.25 0 20

2.36 0.25 0
0
0.1 1 10 100
1.18 0.25 0
Sieve Size (mm)
0.600 0.25 0
0.300 0.25 0 Test results Lower limit Upper limit

0.150 0.25 0 Completion of Objective 01

Results - Cube Test –grade 25
Grade 25 concrete
Compressive strength …
(N/mm^2)
Plaster Sand 7 days 14 days 21 days 28 days
waste
S1 0% 100 % 16.24 18.53 21.70 26.12
S2 20 % 80 % 23.14 22.56 25.18 29.30
S3 40 % 60 % 15.34 19.15 22.53 26.82
S4 60 % 40 % 15.96 17.80 20.11 24.51
S5 80 % 20 % 15.74 17.77 21.55 23.42
S6 100 % 0% 13.64 16.74 19.76 21.73
 Results – Cube Test –grade 25
concrete…
35

30
Maximum compressive
Compressive strength (n/mm^2)

25
strength gained in 28
20 days of each 6 samples.

S2 sample has gained

15

10 maximum compressive
5
strength.
0
0 7 14 21 28

Days
Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 Sample 6
 Results – Cube Test –grade 25
concrete…
30

 Maximum
29
Compressive strength (N/mm^2)

28
Compressive
27
Strength has
26
obtained in S2
25
sample.
24

23
 It’s plaster waste
22
proportions is
21
S2 20% and sand
20
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 proportions is
Plaster waste percentage (%) 80% .
Results - Slump Test –grade 25 concrete…
Grade 25 Slump Test 140
Concrete Value (mm)
120

S1 118

Slump test value (mm)

100

S2 103 80

S3 86 60

40
S4 76
20
S5 68
0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
S6 62
Sample

Sample 2 has a 103mm slump value. It is in the allowable range .

Results - Cube Test –grade 30
Grade 30 concrete
Compressive strength …
(N/mm^2)
Plaster Sand 7 days 14 days 21 days 28 days
waste
S1 0% 100 % 19.40 21.65 25.63 30.50
S2 20 % 80 % 17.72 20.85 23.30 27.40
S3 40 % 60 % 18.30 20.20 23.62 28.18
S4 60 % 40 % 21.27 23.74 27.70 32.97
S5 80 % 20 % 18.50 21.95 26.85 28.88
S6 100 % 0% 17.30 19.33 22.90 25.17
 Results – Cube Test –grade 30
concrete…
35

30 Maximum compressive
Compressive strength (n/mm^2)

strength gained in 28
25
days of each 6 samples.

20 S4 sample has gained

maximum compressive
15
strength.
10
0 7 14 21 28

Days
Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 Sample 6
 Results – Cube Test –grade 30
concrete…
34

32  Maximum
Compressive strength (N/mm^2)

30
Compressive
Strength has
28
obtained in S4
26
sample.

24  It’s plaster waste

22
proportions is
S4 60% and sand
20
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 proportions is
Plaster waste percentage (%) 40% .
Results - Slump Test –grade 30 concrete…
Grade 30 Slump Test 160
Concrete Value (mm)
140

S1 134 120

Slump test value (mm)

100
S2 121
80
S3 105
60

S4 94 40

20
S5 87
0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
S6 77
Sample

Sample 4 has a 94mm slump value. It is in the allowable range .

Completion of Objective 02
 Conclusio
n…
 Grade 25 and grade 30 cement concrete which are most commonly used in construction
works.
 In this study used different mix proportions for grade 25 concrete and grade30 concrete.
 sample2 (S2, 20% of plaster waste) has given optimum compressive strength in grade 25
cement concrete.
 sample4 (S2, 60% of plaster waste) has given optimum compressive strength in grade 30
cement concrete.
Sample S1 (sand 100%) S2 (sand 80% S6 (100% plaster
plaster waste 20%) waste)
Grade 25 Compressive 26.12 29.30 21.73
Strength (N/mm2)
Sample S1 (sand 100%) S4 (sand 40% S6 (100% plaster
plaster waste 60%) waste)
Grade 25 Compressive 30.50 32.97 25.17
Strength (N/mm2)
 Future
recommendation…
Concrete have many properties such as fire resistance, tensile strength.
It can extend this study and find out optimum proportion when
considering these properties.

Water cement ratio is constant for this study. Optimum water cement
ratio can be selected using many mix proportions. Then find out the
optimum plaster waste proportion for grade 25 and grade 30 concrete.

Also, this study can extend to find out optimum plaster waste
percentage for different concrete grades.
Referenc
e
1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery. 2018.
Construction and Demolition (C&D) Materials Scoping Study: C&D Generation and Management
Methodology. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-
01/documents/cd_methodology_scoping_memo_508_fnl.pdf. [Accessed 23 July 2018].

2. (PDF) Effects of the fine recycled concrete.... Available from:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285804824_Effects_of_the_fine_recycled_concrete
_aggregates_on_the_concrete_properties [accessed Jul 25 2018].

3. Hossein Akbarzadeh Kasani. 2018. On the strength prediction in concrete construction based on earlier test
results: Case studies. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.issres.net/journal/index.php/crl/article/view/565.
[Accessed 11 October 2018].

4. ~~~VIRONMENTAL COUNCIL of-CONCRETE. ORGANIZATIONS. 2018. Recycling Concrete and

Masonry.. [ONLINE] Available at: http://infohouse.p2ric.org/ref/14/13608.pdf. [Accessed 11 October
2018].
Thank you