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Lecture 01 Introduction

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Lecture 01 Introduction

Uploaded by

sourovghoshtanmoy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to Geography

Maitry Biswas
Urban and Rural Planning Discipline
Khulna University
Definition of Geography
Geography
The word Geography comes from the Greek
word geographia which means “to describe the
earth.”
From the greek words ‘geo’s means the earth and
‘graphein’ means to write,
Definition:
Geography is the science that studies the lands,
the features, the inhabitants, and the phenomena
of the Earth.
Definition of Geography

Geography tells what is where, why and what


it is made of - Bowman

Geography is the study of the distribution and


interaction of physical and human features
on the earth.
Two Branches of Geography
• Physical geography focuses on the study of Earth’s physical
features.
• Human geography, or cultural geography, studies human
activities and their relationship to the environment.
Examples of Physical Geography
Hydrology
Glaciology
Climatology
Oceanography
Environmental Geography

Examples of Human Geography


Urban Geography
Cultural Geography
Economic Geography
Historical Geography
Geography is a broad subject. When describing a place
geographers organize their information into five distinct
categories, called the Five Themes of Geography.

FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY

Location Where is it?

Place What is it like?

Region How are places similar or different?

Movement How do people, goods, and ideas move from


one place to another?
Human Environment and Interaction How do people use, alter, and respond to
aspects of their environment.
5 Themes of Geography
The Earth Systems-Geospheres
All life and material on Earth exists in one of our planet’s four
Geospheres.
"lithosphere" (land), "hydrosphere" (water), "biosphere" (living
things), and "atmosphere" (air)
Lithosphere – the solid rock portion of the earth’s surface. Some of
the Lithosphere is below water and forms the ocean floor. The huge
landmasses above water on the earth are called continents. There
are seven total.
Hydrosphere – the water elements on earth. Oceans, seas,
rivers, lakes, and the water in the atmosphere make up the
Hydrosphere.
Biosphere – the part of the earth where life exists.
Atmosphere – The
atmosphere is a mixture of
gases that surrounds the
Earth. It helps make life
possible by providing us with
air to breathe, shielding us
from harmful ultraviolet (UV)
radiation coming from the
Sun, trapping heat to warm
the planet, and preventing
extreme temperature
differences between day and
night.
Importance of Geography
1. Environmental education 13. Disaster preparedness
2. Environmental Geography 14. Environmental issues
3. Helps understand other cultures 15. Get a grasp on globalization
4. Understanding the world 16. Global interdependence
5. Climate Studies 17. Navigation skills
6. Cultural awareness 18. Put the news in context
7. Cultural diversity 19. Spatial analysis
8. Economic activities 20. Geography graduates help solve global challenges
9. Problem solving 21. Highly desirable transferable skills
10. Spatial awareness 22. Marketable skills
11. Analytical skills 23. Potential to study abroad
12. Broad career choice 24. Studying geographical regions
Any geography enthusiast around???

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