CLIMATE ANALYSIS

SUBJECT : BUILDING SCIENCE

GROUP MEMBERS : GAYATHRI S S [2023UAR1848]
SHRAVYA RANGANATHA [2023UAR1856]
SANMATHI SRI K [2023UAR1864]
SREENITHYA SANIL [2023UAR1875]
 ARCHITECT – B V DOSHI

SANGATH LOCATION – AHMEDABAD,

GUJARAT
PERIOD OF CONST. – 1979 –
1981
OVERVIEW
N

CONCEPT –
Sangath stands for “moving together” in
Sanskrit. Thus, the concept behind this
masterpiece is evident through its fluidity and
its interaction with nature. Although grounded
to its local context, the structure has a
modernist approach in its design.

SITE CONDITIONS –
Sangath conceals behind a wall in a serene
spot that contradicts the bustling city of
Ahmedabad.
The site area is 2346 sq. metres while the
total built-up area is 585 sq. Metre.
The interior spaces are climatically
responsive to the hot and dry climate.
The orientation of the building facing winds
from the southwest and west sides
facilitates natural ventilation. Dense trees
tackle the intense heat from the west and
south facade.
Ref: https://archestudy.com/sangath-b-v-doshis-studio/
CLIMATE ANALYSIS
• LOCATION : latitude 23.02oN, longitude 72.35oE
and latitude 23.03o N, longitude 72.58o E in
western India at an elevation of 54.9 meters
(180 ft.) on the banks of the River Sabarmati.
• The climate of Ahmedabad is hot and dry, with
annual normal rain fall 824 mm (2010-2019),
which is marginally less than that required for
savanna climate.
• The climate is extremely dry except for the
monsoon months.
• The weather is hot and extremely dry during the
month of March to June .
• The average summer maximum is 39˚C and
average minimum is 24˚C (from 2010 to 2019). It
was 41˚ C and 27˚ C respectively reported in the
climatology of Ahmedabad based on the data
from 1971 to 2010.
• Average maximum temperature from November
to February is 30˚ C and average minimum is
15˚C (from 2010 to 2019).
• Highest average rainfall was during the month
of July followed by August, September, June and
Ref:https://search.app/9vLtHxvJC3ezoyMC9 October
CLIMATE RESPONSIVE PLANNING
MINIMISING SOLAR RADIATION ON SOUTH AND
WEST :
• The structure is closely integrated with outdoor
spaces
• Vegetation is almost left to grow into wilderness
• The west and south façade is shaded by dense
trees
MAXIMISING WIND FLOW : Wind flow
• Wind from west and south west is taken by just
positioning the structure so as to create a central
courtyard for the wind to flow unobstructed.
MATERIALS :
• The vault roof is made of clay fuses over concrete
slab.
• China mosaic glazed tiles on top.
Mosaic tiles on the
• bricks, cement and plaster. roof
CLIMATE RESPONSIVE DESIGN
• The orientation of the building facing winds from the
southwest and west sides facilitates natural
ventilation.
• The studios have a double-height volume surmounted
by vaults with skylights placed in different corners.
They permit natural ventilation into the studio by
forcing hot air to rise due to the stack effect.
• The white tiles provide the surface area to reflect the
light and diffuse the intensity of light entering. The
white tone absorbs less heat into the building.
• The vault’s curvature causes light to reflect and
redirect within as indirect sunlight.
• The terrace is slightly curved such that the storm-
water collected drains into the troughs. The water
passively cools the building while enhancing its visual
ambiance and playfulness.
• The central court acts as an amphitheatre,first two
ranks of rectilinear forms of sangath on the west are
dug into the earth for physical protection from heat
the raks rise towards the east .
CLIMATE RESPONSIVE PLANNING AND DESIGN’S

IMPACT ON BUILDING DESIGN

• A significant difference in temperature of about 8-degree
Celsius.
• Reduction in cooling energy by 30-50%
• Water conservation and cut costs on water
• Cut costs on finishing by 10%
• Recycling waste materials
 ARCHITECT : SAMEEP PADOR

ZAMA VILLAS
LOCATION : ANJUNA, GOA
YEAR OF COMPLETION : 202
CLIMATE : WARM AND HUMID
OVERVIEW
CONCEPT –
• Integration with nature
• Climate responsiveness
• Modern aesthetics with traditional influence
• Connection to surroundings

SITE CONDITIONS –
• The site for Zama Villas is characterized by its flat at the
centre to gently sloping downwards towards the outer site.
• The area around Zama Villas features lush tropical vegetation,
including palm trees, tropical flowers, and dense greenery.
• The site experiences Goa’s typical tropical climate, with warm
temperatures year-round.
• The orientation of the buildings also considers the sun path to
enhance passive cooling and lighting.
CLIMATE ANALYSIS
• Annual Temperature Range:
Goa experiences consistently
warm temperatures throughout
the year, with averages typically
ranging from 25°C to 35°C.
• Since it is located in the coastal
region, the temperature is
moderated.
• The humidity is around 70% to
90% throughout the year.
• Goa receives heavy rainfall from
June to September, with an
annual rainfall of 3000mm.
• The dry season is of significantly
two types :
1. The cool post monsoon
(October to
December)
Ref:https://archello.com/project/zama
2. Hot pre monsoon (march to
CLIMATE RESPONSIVE PLANNING
NATURAL VENTILATION
• The villas feature open-plan designs with large glass facades that
allow for cross-ventilation. This promotes a natural airflow throughout
the interiors, helping to cool the spaces.
• The villas are oriented to maximize prevailing breezes and minimize
direct exposure to harsh sunlight, enhancing natural cooling.
INDOOR – OUTDOOR INTEGRATION
• Landscaping: Lush greenery and water-bodies are used to cool the
environment naturally through evapotranspiration, improving the
microclimate around the villa.
USE OF LOCAL MATERIALS
• Laterite Stone: The use of locally sourced laterite stone not only
provides an aesthetically pleasing, natural look but also contributes to
the building’s thermal performance. Laterite stone has good insulating
properties that help keep the interior cool.
• Timber Accents: Wood elements in the design add a natural touch
and also aid in insulation, enhancing the comfort level within the villas.
• Clay tiles: used in the roofing , helps cool down the roof due to its
insulating property
• Stone façade: the outer façade of the building is of stone, which is
CLIMATE RESPONSIVE DESIGN
SHADING AND OVERHANGS
• Extended Roof Eaves: Wide eaves and overhangs provide shade
to the walls and windows, reducing direct solar radiation and
minimizing heat gain. This also helps protect the interiors from the
intense monsoon rains.
• Pergolas and Screens: Additional shading elements like
pergolas, screens, and trellises with climbing plants further reduce
the impact of solar heat and provide comfortable outdoor spaces.
ROOF DESIGN
• Sloped and Pitched Roofs: Sloped roofs facilitate rainwater
runoff and prevent water pooling, while also aiding in ventilation.
The design helps in reducing heat absorption and allows hot air to
escape more effectively.
WATER MANAGEMENT
• Rainwater Harvesting: The design incorporates rainwater
harvesting systems to collect and store rainwater for irrigation and
other non-potable uses. This system is crucial for managing the
abundant rainfall in Goa and reducing water consumption.
• Drainage Systems: the drainage systems are oriented outwards
from the site, taking advantage of the sloping terrain.
CLIMATE RESPONSIVE PLANNING AND DESIGN’S

IMPACT ON THE BUILDING

THERMAL COMFORT
• The orientation of the buildings , shading and materials
used minimizes heat gain.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
• Natural ventilation, cooling strategies and shading
reduces the need for a mechanised cooling system.
Leading to lower energy consumption
• Incorporation of rainwater harvesting system promotes
sustainability.
DURABILITY AND MAINTENANCE
• The use of durable, locally available materials such as
laterite stone and bamboo ensures the building’s ability
to withstand the local climate conditions.
AESTHETICS AND FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION
• The integration of indoor and outdoor spaces through
large openings and courtyards enhances the aesthetic
appeal of the villas also maximizes natural light and
ventilation, creating a seamless connection with the
natural environment.
Ref:https://sp-arc.net/zama-villas-goa/
THANK YOU!