‫بسم الله الرحمن‬

‫الرحيم‬

‫صدق الله‬
‫العظيم‬
‫اآلية ‪ 85‬سورة‬
‫الإسراء‬
 Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport
College of Engineering and Technology
Construction and Building Engineering Department

CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING

ENGINEERING
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR

THE PROFESSOR TITLE
November, 2022
 LIFE CYCLE
MULTIDISCIPLINARY DESIGN
OPTIMIZATION OF
STRUCTURES

(State of the Art, Trends

and Directions)
 PRESENTATION OUTLINE
 INTRODUCTION
 BACKGROUND
 CLASSIFICATION OF DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF
STRUCTURES
 DIRECTIONS AND PROBLEM FORMULATIONS
 TRENDS
 EXAMPLES
 FUTURE WORK
 OBJECTIVES
 FLOWCHART
 PROBLEM FORMULATION
EXAMPLES

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INTRODUCTION: BACKGROUND
LIFE CYCLE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF
STRUCTURES
 Structural analysis (FE, Approximate Tech. …etc.)
 Design to a code of practice
 Structure  Architect
 Environmental  Electro-mechanical
 Life cycle assessment and life cycle cost
 Robust optimization technique able to deal with real life
design problems (i.e. Multi-Objectives)

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BACKGROUND (CONT.)
Classification of design optimization of
structures

Size optimization Shape optimization

8 Int. Conf. + 3 WOS 3 Int. Conf.
Journals

Topology Optimization 6 of 28
DIRECTIONS

 D1: Material efficiency

 D2: Material and cost efficiency

 D3: Material efficiency and environmental perfor

mance

 D4: Sustainable design

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PROBLEM
FORMULATION D1

For RC Min.
structures
Subject to code of practice limitations:
; el= 1,2,…EL; Strength limits

; el= 1,2,…SL
Serviceability limits

; = x1, x2, …, xv
Architect, Practical …etc.

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PROBLEM FORMULATION D2
construction
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑡
For RC Min . 𝑓 2 ( 𝑥 ) = Pc Vc ( x ) + Ps W s (𝒙) + P f Vc (𝒙)
structures
Subject to code of practice limitations:
; el= 1,2,…EL; Strength limits

; el= 1,2,…SL
Serviceability limits

; = x1, x2, …, xv
Architect, Practical …etc.

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PROBLEM FORMULATION D3
weight and maximize Env. Performance
+
For RC
structures
Subject to code of practice limitations:
; el= 1,2,…EL; Strength limits

; el= 1,2,…EL
Serviceability limits
1;
Environmental limits
; = x1, x2, …, xv
Architect, Practical …etc.

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PROBLEM FORMULATION D4
cost
+
For RC
structures
Subject to code of practice limitations:
; el= 1,2,…EL; Strength limits

; el= 1,2,…EL
Serviceability limits
1;
Environmental limits
; = x1, x2, …, xv

Architect, Practical …etc.

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 NEW TRENDS
Trends per year of publication in each
directions
25
D1 - Material Efficiency
D2 - Material and Cost Efficiency Design optimization of
D3 - Material Efficiency and Enviromental Per- RC structures using 21
20 formance 20 20
D4 - Sustainable Design genetic algorithms
Number of Articles

18
17

15
Design optimization of steel structures 15
16 16
15
using derivative/non-derivative techniques 14

12 12

10 10 10 10

Start 8

5 5 5 5
4 4 4 4 4 4
3 3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
Year of Publication
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 NEW TRENDS (CONT.)
Trends adopting regional design codes in each
direction
140
Effect of concrete grades D1 - Material Efficiency
120 14 on the optimal design of RC D2 - Material and Cost Efficiency
1
buildings, Materials, (WOS D3 - Material Efficiency and Enviromental Performance
100 D4 - Sustainable Design
Q2, IF 3.75)
Number of Articles

80
Optimal design of reinforced Design optimization of hospital
concrete materials in buildings using genetic
60 98
construction, Materials, algorithms, Buildings, (WOS Q2,
40
(WOS Q2, IF 3.75) IF 3.34)
3
1
20 13
4
23
3 2 1
11 18 9 1 1
11 10 11 6 9 1 1 1
4 4 6 4 6
0 3
American Eurocode Spanish British Indian
3 3 1 2
Australian Egyptian AISC, LRFD Canadian Korean Brazilian
2
Chinese Uniform
Concret (1,2,8) Code Code Code Code Codes of Code Standard Code Code Building
Institute Practice Codes Code
(ACI) (UBC) USA

Regional Design Codes

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 EXAMPLE 1
Shape design
optimization: D1
1
ELEMENT SOLUTION
STEP=1
SUB =1 NOV 17 2015
TIME=.003 15:02:57
S1 (NOAVG)
DMX =.617E-03
SMN =-457938 MN
SMX =.110E+08

Z X

MX

-457938 .209E+07 .464E+07 .718E+07 .973E+07

815560 .336E+07 .591E+07 .846E+07 .110E+08
Tunnel !define analysis title

1
ELEMENT SOLUTION
STEP=1
SUB =1 NOV 17 2015
TIME=.007 15:33:13
S3 (NOAVG)
DMX =.005205 MN
SMN =-.192E+08
SMX =.880E+07
Y

Z X

MX

-.192E+08 -.130E+08 -.678E+07 -546701 .569E+07

-.161E+08 -.990E+07 -.366E+07 .257E+07 .880E+07
Tunnel !define analysis title

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EXAMPLE 1 (CONT.)
Shape design
optimization: D1

400
Yield of TNT= 40 Kt at 800m
Yield of TNT= 80 Kt at 800m

AUTODYN Model
Yield offor
TNT=Curved-Wall
160 Kt at 800m
300
Pressure (KPa)

200

100

0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

Time (ms)

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EXAMPLE 1 (CONT.)
Shape design
optimization: D1

250
400
Yield of TNT= 40 Kt at 800m
Yield of TNT= 80 Kt at 800m

200 Yield of TNT= 160 Kt at 800m

Pressure (Kpa)

300
Pressure (KPa)

150
200

37.5 37.3
3% 9%
100
100

50
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

Time (ms)
Time (ms)

Link with Ansys

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EXAMPLE 1 (CONT.)
Shape design
optimization: D1

0.09
400
Yield of TNT= 40 Kt at 800m
Yield of TNT= 80 Kt at 800m
0.0592
Yield of TNT= 160 Kt at 800m
0.060.0338
Displacement (m)

300

0.0315
Pressure (KPa)

75
%
200
0.03

7%

100
0
-0.015 0.005 0.025

0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
-0.03
Time (ms)
Time (sec)

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EXAMPLE 1 (CONT.)
Experimental verification for the optimized
shape: D1

Test setup - MacMaster

University
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EXAMPLE 2
Size design optimization:
D2
Optimal design of reinforced concrete materials in construction,
Materials, 2022, (WOS Q2, IF 3.75)

Flat Slabs
without Drop
Comparisons: Structural Panelssystems
floor (FS)

optimum design 19 of 28
EXAMPLE 2 (CONT.)
Size design optimization:
D2
Quantification of vertical irregularities for earthquake resistant
reinforced concrete buildings, Buildings 2022, (WOS Q2, IF 3.34)

Combined irregularity Setback irregularity Irregularity Index

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FUTURE WORK: OBJECTIVES

 Continue the research in the field of design optimization of

structures and examining new optimization techniques.

 Implementing the methodology of topology design

optimization to solve real life structural problems.

 Performing life cycle multidisciplinary design optimization of

structures utilizing robust optimization techniques.

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 FUTURE WORK: FLOWCHART

Sustainability Integration between robust optimization

consideration technique and software

A structure that
Clash free Adoption of Improving the Concentration is optimized, cost
Performance Size of
reinforcement multidisciplinary performance for efficient
based design complex and
optimization and of the manufacturing Sustainable
of structural irregular
of the building sustainability optimized and including
details geometries
goals goals assembly lifecycle
performance

Level of detail Geometrical Life cycle Full

(LOD) consideration Ass. & cost automation

Life cycle multidisciplinary design optimization

of structures
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PROBLEM FORMULATION LIFE CYCLE
I

For RC ++
structures
Subject to code of practice limitations:
; el= 1,2,…EL; Strength limits
; el= 1,2,…EL
Serviceability limits
1;
1; Environmental limits

; = x1, x2, …, xv Life cycle limits

Architect, Practical …etc.

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EXAMPLE 1: D3
Sustainable design optimization of hospital buildings using genetic
algorithms, Under review, Buildings (WOS Q2, IF 3.34)

Special
architectural
requirements

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EXAMPLE 1:D3 (CONT.)
Experimental investigation on static/dynamic response and γ/n
shielding of different sustainable concrete beams, Under review,
Construction and Building Materials (WOS Q1, IF 7.69)

Gamma radiation test setup Neutron radiation test setup

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EXAMPLE 2: D3
GA-BIM Integration for design cost and time optimization of RC
buildings, On going research

GUI (GA-BIM) in navisworks software

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REFERENCES
[1] Hanze Yu, Wei Yang, Qiyuan Li and Jie LI “Optimizing Buildings’ Life Cycle Performance While
Allowing Diversity in the Early Design Stage”, Sustainability, 2022, 14(14), 8316;
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148316.
[2] Saavedra del Oso, Mauricio Iglesias and A. Hospido “Evaluation and optimization of the
environmental performance of PHA downstream processing“ , Chemical Engineering Journal,
2021, 412(15), 128687, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.128687
[3] Muhammad Afzal, Yuhan Liu, Jack C.P. Cheng, Vincent J.L. Gan “Reinforced concrete structural
design optimization: A critical review, Journal of Cleaner Production , 2020, 280, 120623 ,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120623.
[4] Ali Sadollah, Mohammad Nasir and Zong Woo Geem , 2020 “Sustainability and Optimization:
From Conceptual Fundamentals to Applications” Sustainability, 2020, 12, 2028;
doi:10.3390/su12052028.
[5] Martin Mayor, Artur Zilagy and Gyula Grof, 2020 “ Environmental and economic multi-
objective optimization of a household level hybrid renewable energy system by genetic
algorithm, Applied Energy, 2020, 269, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115058.
[6] Carl Vadenbo, Davide Tonini and Thomas Astrup “Environmental Multi-objective
Optimization of the Use of Biomass Resources for Energy” Environ. Sci., 2017, 51(6),
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b06480.
[7] Environmental Assessment and Optimization (EAO) Group: https://eao.stanford.edu/

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RESPECTFUL
COMMITTEE
THANK YOU