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a9bf73_Introduction to Matplotlib

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6 views

a9bf73_Introduction to Matplotlib

Uploaded by

Muskan Ijaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to

Matplotlib
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence
Introduction to Matplotlib
• Matplotlib is a widely-used Python library for creating a variety of
static, animated, and interactive plots.
• It helps visualize data, which makes understanding trends, patterns,
and comparisons much easier.
• Example: Importing Matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
pyplot is a sub-module of Matplotlib. We use plt as a shorthand alias,
which is standard and widely used in tutorials and documentation.
Basics of Plotting with pyplot
• The plot() function in pyplot creates line graphs. This function accepts
lists (or arrays) for the x and y coordinates.
• x and y represent the data points.
• xlabel, ylabel, and title add labels to the axes and title the plot.
• Task: Modify the data in x and y lists
to see how the plot changes.
Customizing Line Style and Colors
• Customizing the appearance of the line can make plots visually
appealing and help differentiate between multiple data sets.
• color='red' changes the line color to red.
• linestyle='--' uses a dashed line style.
• marker='o' adds circular markers at each data point.
• Try different colors ('blue', 'green'), line styles ('-', ':'), and markers
('x', '*') to explore customization.
Adding Multiple Lines to the Same
Plot
• we can use multiple lines if we want to compare multiple data series
in a single plot.
• label parameter names each line; plt.legend() displays the legend,
making it easier to distinguish between the series.
• Task: Add a third line with their own
data and customize its appearance.
Bar Plots
• Bar plots display data in rectangular bars, ideal for comparing
categories.
• plt.bar() creates a bar plot, with categories on the x-axis and values as
heights of the bars.
• Task: Change the values list to represent different data (e.g., scores
or population).
Scatter Plots
• Scatter plots are used to show relationships between two variables.
• plt.scatter() plots each point individually, useful for analyzing data
distribution.
• Task: Use different colors and markers to represent data from two
groups.
Histograms
• Histograms are useful for showing data distribution, especially with
large datasets.
• np.random.normal() generates 100 random data points.
• plt.hist() creates the histogram, where bins=10 means 10 intervals.
• Task: Change bins to see how it affects the granularity of the
histogram.
Using Subplots for Multiple Plots in
One Figure
• Subplots allow multiple plots in a single figure, useful for comparing
related data.
• fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, 2) creates a 1x2 grid.
• axs[0] and axs[1] refer to the first and second subplot.
• Task: Add a third subplot showing a bar plot.
Advanced Customization Techniques
• Advanced techniques make plots more informative and visually
engaging.
• linewidth=2 adjusts line thickness.
• grid=True adds a background grid.
• xlim and ylim set the range for x and y axes.
• Task: Experiment with different xlim
and ylim values to see how it changes
plot focus.
MINI PROJECTS
Sales Comparison Plot
• plot weekly sales data for two products, customize it with labels, title,
and legend.
Temperature Variation Plot
• Visualize temperature changes over a week using a line plot and a
scatter plot in subplots.
Monthly Expenses Bar Chart
• Visualize monthly expenses in different categories (like groceries, rent,
entertainment, and utilities) using a bar chart.
Survey Data Pie Chart
• Create a pie chart to display survey results (Visualize survey data from
a poll about favourite programming languages, showing each
language’s share.)
Sales Trend Comparison Line Plot
• Compare monthly sales trends for two products (Plot the sales of two
products over 12 months to see trends and seasonal effects.)
Population Distribution Histogram
• Display population distribution across age groups (Plot a histogram of
ages within a community to show distribution.)
Weather Data Subplots
• Create subplots to display monthly average temperature and rainfall
(Use subplots to plot monthly temperature and rainfall for a city).

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