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IPC - Lecture_1

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ax0980959
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Instrumentation and Process

Control
Lecture 1

Instructor:

Dr.-Ing. Ameen Shahid


Assistant Professor
Email: [email protected]
Cell#: 0336-6767894
Room#: 324, SCME

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Course Objectives
1. To familiarize with basic concepts of process control and
instrumentation
2. Various control strategies, controlling equipment
Lecture 1

behaviors and their response analysis

2
Approved Course Contents
1. Importance of process sensors and incentives for process control
2. Instrumentation: Principles of measurement of temperature. Pressure level,
flow, concentration. Description of sensors for process variables
3. Characteristics and calibration of sensors
4. Transmitters and transmission lines
5. Instrumentation and Control systems documentation; Process Flow
Lecture 1

Diagram and P&ID Diagram


6. Laplace transform of differential equations and characterization of systems
7. Transfer functions and Block diagram
8. Dynamic behavior of first and second order systems
9. Feedback control; types of feed-back controllers
10. Control valves; Fail safe mode, valve characteristics and valve sizing
11. Dynamic behavior of feedback controlled processes; closed loop response,
servo and regulator problems
12. Frequency response analysis
13. Stability analysis of feedback control system using Routh-hurwitz and Bode
stability methods
14. Multi-loop Control; cascade control, ratio control, split range control, feed-
forward control
15. Safety instrumented system; alarm, trip and interlock system
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Lecture 1

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Lecture 1

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Objective of process control

objective of process control - to maintain a process at


the desired operating conditions, safely and
economically, while satisfying environmental and
Lecture 1

product quality requirements

physical variable is measured by a sensor which


produces a physical response (e.g., electrical or
mechanical) that is related to the value of the process
variable

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The foundation of process control is process
understanding

process - the conversion of feed materials to products


Lecture 1

using chemical and physical operations

In large-scale, integrated processing plants such as oil


refineries or ethylene plants, thousands of process
variables such as compositions, temperatures, and
pressures are measured and must be controlled

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Lecture 1

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Control Terminology
controlled variables - these are the variables which
quantify the performance or quality of the final
product, which are also called output variables.
Lecture 1

manipulated variables - these input variables are


adjusted dynamically to keep the controlled variables
at their set-points.
disturbance variables - these are also called "load"
variables and represent input variables that can
cause the controlled variables to deviate from their
respective set points.

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Lecture 1

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Lecture 1

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Application of Instrumentation and
Process Control
•Food processing
•Water treatment plants
Lecture 1

•Pharmaceutical and biotechnology


•Oil, chemical, mineral processing,
metallurgical
•Detergent, power generation
•Paint, plastics and cosmetics industries

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Suggested Books
1.Smith, C. A, Corripio, A. B, Principles and Practice of Automatic
Process Control, 3rd Edition, John Wiley, 2006.
2.Marlin, T.E., Process Control, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill Book Co., 2000.
3.T.A.Hughes, Measurement and Control Basics, ISA Publication, 2002.
4.Coughanown, D.R. and S.E. LeBlanc, Process system Analysis &
Lecture 1

Control, 3rd Edition McGraw Hill, 2009.


5.Seborg, D.E, D.A. Mellichamp, T.F.Edgar, F.J.Doyle, Process
Dynamics and Control, 3rd Edition, John Wiley, 2011.
6.G. Stephanupolos, Chemical Process Control: An Introduction to
theory and practice, Prentice Hall 2002.
7.Anderson, N.A., Instrumentation for Process Measurement and
Control, 3rd Edition, CRC Press, 1998.

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Class Assessments
• Assignments 5%
• Quizzes 15%
• OHTs 30%
• End Semester Exam 50%
Lecture 1

14
OHT-1: 29 Mar 2021 to 2 April 2021

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