AI: Introduction

Course Code: CSC4226 Course Title: Artificial Intelligence and Expert System

Dept. of Computer Science

Faculty of Science and Technology

Lecture No: Theory-01 Week No: 1 Semester: Fall 2022-23

Lecturer: Dr. Abdus Salam Mail: [email protected]
Lecture Outline

1. Vision and Mission

2. Course Evaluation
3. Class Policies
4. About the Course
5. What is AI?
6. The Foundations of AI.
7. Brief History of AI
8. Course Outline by Topics and Weeks.
Vision & Mission of AIUB

Vision
AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY-BANGLADESH (AIUB) envisions promoting
professionals and excellent leadership catering to the technological progress and
development needs of the country.

Mission
AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY-BANGLADESH (AIUB) is committed to provide
quality and excellent computer-based academic programs responsive to the emerging
challenges of the time. It is dedicated to nurture and produce competent world class
professional imbued with strong sense of ethical values ready to face the competitive
world of arts, business, science, social science and technology.
Goals of AIUB
Sustain development and progress of the university
Continue to upgrade educational services and facilities responsive of the demands for change and needs of
the society
Inculcate professional culture among management, faculty and personnel in the attainment of the
institution's vision, mission and goals
Enhance research consciousness in discovering new dimensions for curriculum development and
enrichment

Implement meaningful and relevant community outreach programs reflective of the available resources
and expertise of the university

Establish strong networking of programs, sharing of resources and expertise with local and international
educational institutions and organizations

Accelerate the participation of alumni, students and professionals in the implementation of educational
programs and development of projects designed to expand and improve global academic standards
 Vision & Mission of
Computer Science Department

Vision
Provides leadership in the pursuit of quality and excellent computer education
and produce highly skilled and globally competitive IT professionals.

Mission
Committed to educate students to think analytically and communicate effectively;
train them to acquire technological, industry and research-oriented accepted
skills; keep them abreast of the new trends and progress in the world of
information communication technology; and inculcate in them the value of
professional ethics.
 Goals of
Computer Science Department
Enrich the computer education curriculum to suit the needs of the
industry- wide standards for both domestic and international markets

Equip the faculty and staff with professional, modern technological and
research skills
Upgrade continuously computer hardware's, facilities and instructional
materials to cope with the challenges of the information technology age
Initiate and conduct relevant research, software development and
outreach services.
Establish linkage with industry and other IT-based
organizations/institutions for sharing of resources and expertise, and
better job opportunities for students
 Course Evaluation
Mid Term Class Quizzes 20
Laboratory Performance/Viva/Exam 30
Class Attendance/Performance 10
Midterm Written Exam 40
Mid Term Total 100 40%
Final Term Class Quizzes 20
Laboratory Performance/Viva/Exam 30
Class Attendance/Performance 10
Midterm Written Exam 40
Final Term Total 100 60%
Grand Total Final Grade of the Course 100
Classroom Policies
Must be present inside the class in due time.

Class Break: I would prefer to start the class in due time and leave the class in 5/10 minutes early for
theory/Laboratory class respectively, instead of giving a break.

Every class will start with a question-answer session about the last lecture. So, students must be prepared
with the contents and exercises from the last lecture.

Students are suggested to ask questions during or after the lecture.

Additional/bonus marks may be given to any good performances during the class.
Late in Class:
Student coming after 5 minutes of due time is considered late.
2 late attendances are considered as one absent.
Late during quiz is not given additional time.
Students who are regularly late might have additional deduction of marks.
A late student will be allowed to enter the class. Don’t ask permission to enter the class, just get in
slowly and silently.
Laboratory Policies

LABORATORY CLASSES:
First 0.5 – 1 hour will be spent explaining the problems/task/experiment to be performed.
Next 1 – 1.5 hour(s) will be spent by the students to complete the experiment.
Next 0.5 – 1 hour will be spent in checking, marking, and discussing the solution.
Students are allowed to discuss with each other (unless instructed not to) in solving
problems.
But the checking (executing/viva) & marking will be with individual students only.
LABORATORY EXAM:
Laboratory exams are scheduled in the week before the major exams during the normal
laboratory hours.
Generally, students are given one/more problems to be solved of which at least one part
is solved using computers.
One hour is given to the students to solve the problem.
 Attendance
At least 80% presence is required by the student. Absent classes must be
defended by the student through application and proper documentation to the
course teacher.

Long absences/irregular presence/absences out of 25% range must go through

application procedures via department Head (+ probation office, if student is in
probation) to attend the following classes.

Acceptance of an application for absence only gives permission to attend the

following classes. This might still result in deduction of marks (for attendance)
which will be judged by the course teacher.
 Makeup Evaluation
Makeup for missing evaluations like quizzes/assignment submission date/presentation
date/viva date/etc., must go through valid application procedure with supporting
document within the deadline of the actual evaluation date.

Makeup for missing Midterm/Final term must go through Set B form along with the
supporting document within the 1st working day after exam week. The set B exam is
generally scheduled from the 2nd working day after the exam week. Must get signature and
exam date from the course teacher and get it approved by the department Head (monetary
penalty might be imposed).

The course teacher will be the judge of accepting/rejecting the request for makeup.
 Grading Policies
All the evaluation categories & marks will be uploaded to the VUES within one
week of the evaluation process except the attendance & performance, which will
be uploaded along with the major (mid/final term) written exam marks.
Letter grades ‘A+’ through ‘F’ is counted as grades. Other grades ‘I’ and ‘UW’ are
considered as temporary grades which are counted/calculated as ‘F’ grade in the
CGPA. These grades must/will be converted to the actual grades, i.e. ‘A+’ through
‘F’.
‘I: INCOMPLETE’ is given to students who have missed at most 30% of evaluation
categories (quiz/assignment/etc.). Students must contact the course teacher for
makeup, through valid application procedures immediately after grade release.
‘UW: UNOFFICIAL WITHDRAW’ is given when the missing evaluation categories
are too high (more than 30%) to makeup. A student getting ‘UW’ has no option
but to drop the course immediately after grade release
 Grading Policies…
Once a student’s gets ‘I’ or ‘UW’ and unable to fulfill the
requirements with the course teacher for makeup, must drop the
course within officially mentioned time period from the registration
department.
Students in probation or falls into the probation due to ‘I’/’UW’
grade are not allowed to drop the course.
Unable to do so will result in the automatic conversion of the grades
‘I’/’UW’ to ‘F’ grade after the 4th week of the following semester.
Any problem with the mark/grade must be consulted with the course
teacher within one week of the release of grades.
 Dropping a Course
Must fill up the drop form and get it signed by the course teacher, write an application to
the vice chancellor and get it signed by the department Head, and finally submit the form &
application to the registration department.

The course teacher must write down the grades (if any) obtained in midterm, final, and
grand total on the drop form.

No drop is accepted during the following periods:

One week before midterm exam – grade release date of midterm
exam.
One week before final term exam – grade release date of final grade.

Student with ‘F’ grades in midterm, final term, or grand total cannot drop.
Probation student are not allowed to drop any course.
 Contacts
Contact information (email, office phone extension, office location,
consulting hours, etc.) of the course teacher must be stored by the
students.

It is mandatory to contact/notify (preferably consulting hour/email)

the course teacher for/of any problems/difficulties at the earliest
possible. Late notification might not be considered.

Update & correct your email address & phone number at VUES, as
the teacher will contact/notify you of anything regarding the course
through these information in VUES.
 Finally
For any problems that could not be solved/understood during the lecture, students are advised to
contact during the consultation hours and solve the problem.

For any missing evaluation (quiz, assignment, etc.), classes, deadlines, etc. must
contact/inform/notify the teacher immediately after missing in the consulting hour, via email, or in
unavoidable circumstances – through the guardian or friend.

Probation students must meet the course teacher once a week. So, schedule your time with the
teacher.

Any kind of dishonesty, plagiarism, misbehavior, misconduct, etc. will not be tolerated. Might result
in deduction of marks, ‘F’ grade, or reported to the AIUB Disciplinary Committee for drastic
punishment.

Always check/visit the AIUB home page for notices, rules & regulations of academic/university
policies and important announcement for deadlines (Course drop, Exam permit, Exam Schedule,
etc.).
 Course Prerequisite
• Representing information in computers, Binary Number Systems, Conversions.

• Programming Languages (C/C++/Python)

• Using C/C++/Python editors, debugging

• Data Storage Concept & Data types in Programming languages,

• Variable, Array (single & multidimensional), Pointers, String

• Functions, Recursion, Scope of variable & function

• Design and Analysis of Algorithms

 Course Objectives

• Get an overview of artificial intelligence (AI) principles and approaches.

• Develop a basic understanding of the building blocks of AI as presented in

terms of intelligent agents: Search, Knowledge representation, inference, logic,
learning.

• Develop a brief overview of AI applications: Expert Systems and Planners.

• Follow AI literature with the ability to go on to independent work in the field.

Importance of the course
Studying artificial intelligence opens a world of opportunities.

At a basic level, you’ll better understand the systems and tools that you interact with daily. And
if you stick with the subject and study more, you can help create cutting edge AI applications,
like the Google Self Driving Car, or IBM’s Watson.

In the field of artificial intelligence, the possibilities are truly endless.

Studying AI now can prepare you for a job as a researching neural networks, human-machine
interfaces, and quantum artificial intelligence.

Or you could work as a software engineer in industry working for companies like Amazon to
shopping list recommendation engines or Facebook analyzing and processing big data.

You could also work as a hardware engineer developing electronic parking assistants or home
assistant robots.
 Course Contents
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence
Intelligent Agent
Problem Solving, Search and Control Strategies
Knowledge Representation Issues, Predicate Logic, Rules
Reasoning System: Symbolic, Statistical
Learning Systems
Expert System
Neural Networks: Fundamental
Genetic Algorithms: Fundamental
What is Artificial Intelligence
?
Definitions of AI
Goals of AI
Goal of AI
Continued…
AI Approaches
Cognitive Science : Think Humanly
AI Approaches
Laws of Thought: Think Rationally
AI Approaches
Turing Test: Act Humanly
AI Approaches
Turing Test
AI Approaches
Turing Test : Capabilities Required to Pass Complete Turing Test
AI Approaches
Rational Agent: Act Rationally
Types of AI
Hard or Strong AI
Types of AI
Soft or Weak AI
The Foundations of AI

• Philosophy
• Mathematics
• Economics
• Neuroscience
• Psychology
• Computer engineering
• Control theory and cybernetics
• Linguistics
The History of AI

• The inception of artificial intelligence (1943-1956)- Artificial Neuron, Hebbian

Learning
• Early enthusiasm, great expectations (1952-1969)- Physical Symbol System,
Lisp
• A dose of reality (1966-1973)
• Expert systems (1969-1986)
• The return of neural networks (1986-present)
• Probabilistic reasoning and machine learning (1987-present)- HMM, Bayesian
Network
• Big data (2001-present)
• Deep learning (2011-present)
References

1. Chapter 1: Introduction , Pages 1-29

“Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach,” by Stuart J. Russell and Peter Norvig,
 Books

1. “Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach,” by Stuart J. Russell and Peter Norvig.

2. "Artificial Intelligence: Structures and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving", by
George F. Luger, (2002)
3. "Artificial Intelligence: Theory and Practice", by Thomas Dean.
4. "AI: A New Synthesis", by Nils J. Nilsson.
5. “Programming for machine learning,” by J. Ross Quinlan,
6. “Neural Computing Theory and Practice,” by Philip D. Wasserman, .
7. “Neural Network Design,” by Martin T. Hagan, Howard B. Demuth, Mark H.
Beale, .
8. “Practical Genetic Algorithms,” by Randy L. Haupt and Sue Ellen Haupt.
9. “Genetic Algorithms in Search, optimization and Machine learning,” by David E.
Goldberg.
10."Computational Intelligence: A Logical Approach", by David Poole, Alan
Mackworth, and Randy Goebel.
11.“Introduction to Turbo Prolog”, by Carl Townsend.