Scribd
Upload
12 views

Unit 5-1 Group

Uploaded by

pvaman7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12 views

Unit 5-1 Group

Uploaded by

pvaman7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 34

Group

What do you mean by


Group….

“A collection of two or more individuals,


interacting & interdependent , who have come
together to achieve particular objectives.”
Characteristics of Group

 Two or more persons


 Collective identity
 Interaction
 Common Purpose
Why do people form
groups?
 Safety and security
 Identity
 Better decisions
 Faster response
 Increased productivity
 Less resistance to change
 Improved employee morale
 Reduced risks
 Belongingness needs
Contd…

 Power
 To fulfill social needs
 Status
 Goal achievement
What do we mean by …
Group Dynamics

‘Actions and interactions – positive and


negative – that occur when individuals
become part of groups’
Factors Affecting Group
Dynamics:

1. Background
 Past experiences with a group

2. Participation Patterns
a) Over participation
b) Non-participation
c) Order and contribution

3. Communication Patterns
d) Methods of communicating
e) Speaking abilities of members
f) Listening skills
g) Nonverbal cues
Nature of Group:

INTERACTION
AMONG
MEMBERS
TWO OR
MORE
PEOPLE
PEOPLE SEE
SHARED
THEMSELVES
GOALS
AS MEMBERS
Tuckman’s Five Stages of Group
Development

 Forming Storming
Norming

Adjourning
Performing
Tuckman’s Five Stages of Group
Development
Types of Groups
Formal Groups
 Formal groups are consciously created by managerial decision to
accomplish the stated goals of the organisation. Formal groups may be
classified into two groups.
i. Command Group
ii. Task Group
iii. Project Group
iv. Committees

Informal Groups
 Informal groups are those in which membership is voluntary; they evolve
gradually among employees with common interests.
Informal groups may be classified into three categories:
i. Friendship Groups
ii. Interest Groups
Types of Groups

Characteristics of Formal and Informal Groups

Characteristics Formal Groups Informal Groups

Objective Task accomplishment Member satisfaction

Origin Management Individual members

Structure Formal Informal

Orientation Task oriented Relation oriented

Influence Formal authority Personality

Leadership Formal leader Informal leader

Control Formal controls Social sanctions


Primary and Secondary
Groups
Characteristics of work groups:

JOB DESIGN EFECTIVENES


S
EMPOWERMENT
CRITERIA
INTERDEPENCE

TEAM EFFICACY
PRODUCTIVITY
RIGHT MIX & SIZE JOB
EMOTIONAL SATISFACTION
INTELLIGENCE
SUPPORT FOR WORK
GROUP
EFFECTIVE GROUP
PROCESS
GROUP COHESIVENESS

FAMILIARITY WITH JOB


Determinants Of Group Culture
Behavior

1.External Condition
a) Organization strategy
b) Authority structure
c) Formal regulation
d) Organizational resources
e) Procurement of Personnel
f) Organizational culture
g) Physical work setting

.
Determinants Of Group Culture
Behavior

2. Internal Factors
2a.Group member’s Resources
a) Knowledge , Skills & Abilities,
b) Personality characteristics Leadership
2b..Group Structuring
1. Role
2. Group size
3. Group norms
4. Group test
5. Group cohesiveness
Group Decision Making
Process

3 4
2 Evaluating Implementation
1
Developing The and Monitoring
Diagnose
Alternatives Alternatives the Decision
the
Problem
Techniques for Group Decision
Making

1. Brainstorming
2. Nominal Group Technique (NGT)
3. Delphi Technique
4. Consensus mapping
Techniques for Group
Decision Making
1. Brainstorming: Brainstorming is a group problem-
solving method that involves the spontaneous contribution of
creative ideas and solutions. This technique requires intensive,
freewheeling discussion in which every member of the group is
encouraged to think aloud and suggest as many ideas as
possible based on their diverse knowledge.

2. Nominal Group Technique (NGT) :Nominal group


technique (NGT) is defined as a structured method for group
brainstorming that encourages contributions from everyone
and facilitates quick agreement on the relative importance of
issues, problems, or solutions. Team members begin by writing
down their ideas, then selecting which idea they feel is best.
Techniques for Group
Decision Making
Delphi Technique: Delphi technique is a systematic
process of forecasting using the collective opinion of panel
members. The structured method of developing consensus
among panel members using Delphi methodology has gained
acceptance in diverse fields of medicine.

Consensus mapping: An attempt is made to arrive at a


decision by pooling the ideas together generated by several
task subgroups
+ve &-ve aspects of Group
Decision making

Positive aspects of Group Decision


Making
1. Pooling of knowledge and information
2. Satisfaction and Commitment
3. Personnel development
4. More risk taking
Negative aspects of Group
Decision making
5. Time consuming and costly
6. Individuals domination
7. Problems of responsibility
Groups are classified according to
their skills in Business organisation

Finance

Manufacturi
Marketing
ng

Business
Organisati
on
Group Structure

A group structure is created when a


company (directly or indirectly) owns
one or more other company.
 The company at the top of the
structure is called a parent or
holding company and can have
several subsidiaries beneath it.
 All companies in the group are under
the ultimate ownership and control
of the parent company.
Group Structure
Group Structure

Aspects of group structure:


 Work Roles
 Work Group Size
 Work Group Norms
 Status Relationships and
 Work Group Cohesiveness.
Team

 A small number of people


 With complementary skills
 Who share a common purpose and
goals
 A commitment with a common
vision of progress.
 And mutual responsibility
Work Team

A work team is a group of employees


who collaborate to achieve a
common goal.
 Work teams are used to take
advantage of the diverse skills and
experiences of their members to
increase productivity and innovation
Work Team-Benefits

Sense of belonging
 Team members can feel a greater sense of
belonging and benefit from the support and
guidance of their colleagues.

Improved efficiency
 Team members can split up work and focus on
what they do best, which can help the team get
the project done faster.

Increased innovation
 Different people interacting with each other can
lead to more innovation in the workplace.
Work Team-Characteristics

A clearly defined purpose or mission


A shared commitment to the team's
process and product
 A willingness to pay attention to
group process
 A sense of mutual accountability
Groups versus Teams

 All teams are groups


 Teams have task interdependence
whereas some groups do not (e.g., group
of employees enjoying lunch together)
 Teams have a positive synergy
.

 Skills in teams are complementary


Team and Group
Types of Work Teams
Types of Work Teams
 Functional team
 A work team composed of a manager and the
employees in his or her unit and involved in
efforts to improve work activities or to solve
specific problems within particular functional unit
 Problem-solving team
 5 to 12 hourly employees from the same
department who meet each week to discuss ways
of improving quality, efficiency, and the work
environment
Types of Work Teams

 Quality circle
 8 to 10 employees and supervisors who share an area of
responsibility and who meet regularly to discuss quality
problems, investigate the causes of the problem,
recommend solutions, and take corrective actions but
who have no authority

 Self-managed work team


 A formal group of employees that operates without a
manager and is responsible for a complete work process
or segment that delivers a product or service to an
external or internal customer

You might also like