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T5P1_ Intro to Calc & Basic Rules ~

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9 views

T5P1_ Intro to Calc & Basic Rules ~

Uploaded by

Maryam Nida
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 52

●It’s finally here…

Welcome to Calculus!
So, what is calculus?

→ Calculus is all around us!

→ Whether we’re modeling the rise and fall of the stock market
or
determining precisely when a spacecraft will arrive at its
target…

→ It’s the language human beings invented to describe the


dynamic nature of our universe.
Some of the key areas where calculus is applied include:

Physics: Calculus is essential for describing motion, forces, and various


physical phenomena in classical mechanics, electromagnetism, and
thermodynamics.

Engineering: Engineers use calculus for analyzing structures, optimizing


processes, and understanding dynamic systems in civil, mechanical,
electrical, aerospace, and chemical engineering.

Computer Science: Calculus is applied in computer graphics,


algorithms, and machine learning, particularly in data analysis,
optimization, and algorithm design.

Economics: Calculus models and analyzes economic systems,


incorporating concepts like marginal cost, marginal revenue, and
optimization.

Biology and Medicine: Calculus models biological processes, aids in


population dynamics understanding, and is applied in medical data
Some more of the key areas where calculus is applied include:

Statistics: Foundational to statistics, calculus contributes to probability


theory, probability density functions, and cumulative distribution
functions.

Finance: Calculus is used in finance for modeling financial markets,


influencing option pricing, risk management, and portfolio optimization.

Environmental Science: Calculus models and analyzes environmental


systems, including population dynamics, pollution dispersion, and
ecosystem dynamics.

Telecommunications: Calculus is used in the analysis and design of


communication systems, signal processing, and information theory.

Astronomy: Calculus is applied in celestial mechanics for modeling the


motion of planets, satellites, and other celestial bodies.
Topic 5 - Calculus

Part 1 - Differentiation
Part 2 - Properties of Curves
Part 3 - Integration
Part 4 - Applications of Integration (kinematics)
Lesson 1
Introduction to Calculus
& Basic Rules of Differentiation
Describe the rate of change of the function:

What is the exact rate of change when x = 1?


Describe the rate of change of the function:

What is the exact rate of change when x = 1?


Describe the rate of change of the function:

What is the exact rate of change when x = 1?


Describe the rate of change of the function:

What is the exact rate of change when x = 1?


So, what do we know?

**finding derivative functions can become very complex…


many (most in the real world) require technology to solve!
Notation & Symbols:

We can denote the gradient function using:

In how many ways can we be asked to find the


derivative?
So quickly… what is integration?

integration =
antiderivatives
For example…

Consider the function:

a) Find the area between the x-axis


and f (x) on the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 6.

b) Consider the anti-derivative: F(x) of the function f (x).

c) Then “integrate” the F(x) function on the domain 0 ≤ x ≤ 6,


Applications of integration:
What is Displacement?
The position of an object relative to a fixed origin.
f (x) or s(t) gives position relative to time.

What is Velocity?
The rate of change of an object's displacement
f '(x) or s'(t) or v(t) gives velocity relative to time

What is Speed?
The absolute value of velocity (without direction)
f '(x) or s'(t) or v(t) gives speed relative to time

What is Acceleration?
The rate of change of an object's velocity
f ''(x) or s''(t) or v'(t) or a(t) gives acceleration relative to time
Example 1:
Determine the gradient function for each of the following
a) b)
c)
Example 2:

Example 3:
Example 4:
practice!
Practice:
PAPER-STYLE
Textbook 5.2WORKSHEET (G-
classroom)
# #....
Lesson 2
Product, Quotient & Chain Rules
The Product Rule

“
We use the product rule to differentiate functions
multiplied by other functions (product of functions)

Examples:

a)
d)

b)
e)

c)
The Product Rule

“
From the formula booklet:

Example 1: Find the equation of the gradient function

a)
The Product Rule

“
Example 1: Find the equation of the gradient function

b)
c)
The Quotient Rule

“
We use the quotient rule to differentiate functions
divided by other functions (quotient of functions)
Examples:

a)
d)

b)
e)

c)
The Quotient Rule

“
From the formula booklet:

Example 1: Find the equation of the gradient function

a)
The Quotient Rule

“
Example 1: Find the equation of the gradient function

b)
c)
The Quotient Rule

“
Example 2: Find the gradient of the tangent to the function at
x = -1.
The Chain Rule

“
We use the chain rule to differentiate functions
within other functions (composite functions)

Examples:

a)
d)

b)
e)

c)
The Chain Rule

“
From the formula booklet:

Example 1: Find the equation of the gradient function

a)
The Chain Rule

“
Example 1: Find the equation of the gradient function

b)
c)
Example 2:

“
practice!
Practice:
PAPER-STYLE
Textbook WORKSHEET (G-
5.2
classroom)
# #....
Warm-Up:
Chain Rule or Product

“
Rule?!

1. 5.

2. 6.

3. 7.

4. 8.
Lesson 3
Derivatives of
Exponential & Logarithmic Functions
Derivatives of Exponentials

“
Base “b” exponential functions
Base “e” exponential functions

Parent Function: Transformed


→ In SL
Function:
Math, we will only differentiate natural exponential
functions

f (x) = f (x) =

f ′(x) = f ′(x) =
Derivatives of Exponentials

“
From the formula booklet:

Example 1:
Example 2:

“
Example 3:

“
Derivatives of Logarithms

Base “b” logarithmic functions“


Base “e” logarithmic functions

Parent Function: Transformed


→ In SL
Function:
Math, we will only differentiate natural logarithmic
functions

f (x) = f (x) =

f ′(x) = f ′(x) =
Derivatives of Logarithms

“ From the formula


booklet:

Example 1: Find the derivative of the following functions


a) b)
Example 2:

“
Practice!

“
practice!
Practice:
PAPER-STYLE
Textbook WORKSHEET (G-
5.2
classroom)
# #....
Warm-Up #1

“
Warm-Up #2

“
Lesson 4
Derivatives of
Trig Functions
Derivatives of Trig Functions

“
Derivatives of Trig Functions

“
From the formula booklet:

Example 1:
a) b)
Example 2: Find the derivative function for each.

“
a)
b)
Example 3:

“
practice!
Practice:
PAPER-STYLE
Textbook WORKSHEET (G-
5.2
classroom)
# #....

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