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ME 226L - Lab 2 - Balance of Moments - Engineering Mechanics Lab

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4 views

ME 226L - Lab 2 - Balance of Moments - Engineering Mechanics Lab

Uploaded by

Arslan Arif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ME226L – Engineering Mechanics Lab

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering


Institute of Avionics and Aeronautics (IAA)

Lab 2: Balancing of Moments


Example Problem in Statics
For horizontal boom position shown, determine:
• force in each of two hydraulic cylinders AB
o mass of boom is 1,500 kg with mass centre G1
o mass of bricks is 2,000 kg with mass centre G2

2
Objectives
• To investigate the principle of balancing of moments
Apparatus

• Moment Apparatus
• Centrally supported symmetrical lever
• Displaceable supported slides
• Set of weights
• Weight hangers
• Spirit level
Theory
• The balance of moments is analogous to the balance of forces
• Object is in rest or uniform movement
when sum of external moments affecting
it is equal to zero

∑M = 0 = M1 + M2 + M3 + …..
• Using the lever as an example
• moments produced by forces affecting
lever must balance themselves
o with respect to a reference point
Example Problem in Statics
∑M = 0 = F1x1 + F2x2 + F3x3 + ….
• Lever arm xi must be counted
positively from reference point
in one co-ordinate direction

• Left end of lever was selected as


reference point in this illustration

• Any other point is also possible


Example Problem in Statics

• Alternatively, reference point


can be taken as pivot point
(fulcrum of lever)
• F1a = F2b

• Similarly, for previously given


three forces
• F1x1 = F2x2 + F3x3
Apparatus Setup
Procedure
1. Place the slide on the selected lever arm and suspend weight hangers
with the selected weight.
2. Set the second slide on the other side of the lever arm and suspend a
weight hanger from it. Add the desired weight.
3. Shift the second slide until the lever is balanced.
4. Read the second lever arm at the slide and compare with the
theoretical result.
5. Similarly for balancing three forces, repeat the above experiment by
setting one weight hanger on one side of the lever and hanging two
weight hangers on the other side. In this situation, the system will
follow the following equation.
F1x1 = F2x2 + F3x3
Observations and Calculations –
Two Forces
Load Dist. Dist .
Sr. Load Applied Applied
F1x1 F2x2 Difference
No. x1 x2
F1 (N) (N-mm) (N-mm) F1x1-F2x2
F2 (N) (mm) (mm)
1

5
Observations and Calculations –
Three Forces
Load Load Load
Sr. Appli Appli Appli Dist. Dist. Dist. F1x1 F2x2 F3x3 Difference
No edF1 edF2 edF3 x1 x2 x3 (N- (N- (N- F1x1-
. (N) (N) (N) (mm) (mm) (mm) mm) mm) mm) (F2x2+F3x3)

1
2
3
4
5
Sources of Error

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
Physical Applications
In-class Assignment

For an 80-N squeeze on handles of pliers, determine:


• force F applied to round rod by each jaw
• Force supported by pin at A.

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