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Menstrual Cycle

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7 views14 pages

Menstrual Cycle

Uploaded by

rana82puja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DAV CENTRE FOR ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE

REGIONAL TRAINING CENTRE (PB ZONE -F)


under the aegis of DAVCAE, DAVCMC, New
Delhi
CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAMME-
BIOLOGY
DATE-24/06/2024
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF-

TOPIC- MENSTRUAL CYCLE


PRESENTED BY- PUJA SINGH
DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL, PAKHOWAL ROAD, LDH.
MENSTRUAL CYCLE:
Reproductive cycle in females of
Primates.
 IMPORTANT TERMS:
 MENSTRUAL CYCLE: Cycle of events starting

from one menstruation till the next one is


called mensturation.
 MENARCH: The first menstruation begins at

pubert is called as menarch.


 MENOPAUSE: In human beings menstruation

ceases at the age of 50 years is called as


menopause.
PHASES OF
MENSTRUATION:
 IT HAS FOLLOWING MAIN PHASES:

 1. Menstrual Phase
 2. Follicular Phase/ Proliferative Phase
 3. Luteal Phase/ Secretory Phase
Diagrammatic presentation of
various events of menstrual cycle:
Menstrual Phase(1-5th
Day):

 Menstrual flow occurs, it lasts for 3-5 days.


 OVARIAN EVENTS:
 Breakdown of endometrium lining of uterus.
 It occurs only if the released ovum is not

fertilized.
CAUSES OF LACK OF
MENSTRUATION:

 1. Due to pregnancy.
 2. Due to stress.
 3. Due to poor health.
Proliferative Phase/ Follicular
Phase (5-13th Day):
 It starts from 5th day and completes
between 8th to 12th day.
 Action of gonadotrophins (FSH & LH) from

Pituitaryoccurs.
 FSH ACTION:
 The primary follicles in the ovary grow to

become a fully mature Graafian follicle, i.e.


Follicular Phase.
 Secretion of estrogen by Graafian follicles.
 ESTROGEN ACTION: The endometrium of
uterus regenerates through proliferation,
i.e. Proliferative phase.
 Mucus lining of uterus and vagina will also

regenerated.
 Secretion of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) will

increase.
OVULATION (14TH DAY):

Both LH and FSH attain a peak level in the


middle of cycle (about 14th day).
 Rapid secretion of LH leading to its

maximum level during the mid-cycle called


LH surge induces rupture of Graafian
follicle and thereby the release of ovum
(ovulation).
LUTEAL PHASE/ SECRETORY
PHASE:

 After ovulation, Graafian follicles is


transformed to a yellow endocrine mass
called Corpus Luteum, it secretes
Progesterone.
 Progesterone is a pregnancy hormone. It

supports the endometrium during


pregnancy.
 If a woman becomes pregnant, all events of

menstrual cycle stops and there is no


menstruation.
FUNCTIONS OF
PROGESTERONE:

 It makes the endometrium maximum


vascular, thick and soft, making uterus
ready for implantation.
 Inhibits FSH secretion to avoid formation of

graafian follicles.
Link for video on
menstruation:
 https://youtu.be/42WIByexiXc?
si=XGDZzTBjAWgAlxjU

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