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8 views

a2_ch09_02

Uploaded by

Riven Barquilla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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9-2 Piecewise

9-2 Piecewise Functions


Functions

Warm Up
Lesson Presentation
Lesson Quiz

Holt
Holt Algebra
Algebra 22
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Warm Up
Write the equation of each line in slope-
intercept form.
1. slope of 3 and passes through the point (50, 200)

y = 3x + 50

1
2. slope of – and passes through the point (6, 40)
2
1
y=– x + 43
2

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions

Objectives
Write and graph piecewise functions.
Use piecewise functions to describe
real-world situations.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions

Vocabulary
piecewise function
step function

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions

A piecewise function is a function


that is a combination of one or more
functions. The rule for a piecewise
function is different for different parts,
or pieces, of the domain. For instance,
movie ticket prices are often different
for different age groups. So the function
for movie ticket prices would assign a
different value (ticket price) for each
domain interval (age group).
Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions

Remember!
When using interval notation, square brackets [ ]
indicate an included endpoint, and parentheses
( ) indicate an excluded endpoint. (Lesson 1-1)

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 1

Create a table and a verbal description to


represent the graph.

Step 1 Create a table


Because the endpoints of
each segment of the graph
identify the intervals of the
domain, use the endpoints
and points close to them as
the domain values in the
table.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 1 Continued

The domain of the function is


Green Time Range
divided into three intervals:
Fee ($) (h)
28 8 A.M. – noon $28 [8, 12)

24 noon – 4 P.M. $24 [12, 4)


12 4 P.M. – 9 P.M. $12 [4, 9)

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 1 Continued

Step 2 Write a verbal description.

The green fee is $28 from 8 A.M. up to noon,


$24 from noon up to 4 P.M., and $12 from 4 up
to 9 P.M.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions

A piecewise function that is constant for each


interval of its domain, such as the ticket price
function, is called a step function. You can
describe piecewise functions with a function
rule. The rule for the movie ticket prices from
Example 1 on page 662 is shown.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions

Read this as “f of x is 5 if x is greater than 0 and less


than 13, 9 if x is greater than or equal to 13 and less
than 55, and 6.5 if x is greater than or equal to 55.”

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions

To evaluate any piecewise function for a specific


input, find the interval of the domain that contains
that input and then use the rule for that interval.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 2a

Evaluate each piecewise function for x = –1


and x = 3.
12 if x < –3
f(x) = 15 if –3 ≤ x < 6
20 if x ≥ 6

Because –3 ≤ –1 < 6, use the


f(–1) = 15
rule for –3 ≤ x < 6 .

f(3) = 15 Because –3 ≤ 3 < 6, use the


rule for –3 ≤ x < 6 .

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 2b

Evaluate each piecewise function for x = –1


and x = 3.
3x2 + 1 if x < 0
g(x) =
5x – 2 if x ≥ 0

g(–1) = 3(–1)2 + 1 = 4 Because –1 < 0, use


the rule for x < 0.

Because 3 ≥ 0, use the


g(3) = 5(3) – 2 = 13
rule for x ≥ 0.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions

You can graph a piecewise function by graphing


each piece of the function.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 3a

Graph the function.

4 if x ≤ –1
f(x) =
–2 if x > –1

The function is composed of two constant pieces


that will be represented by two rays. Because the
domain is divided by x = –1, evaluate both
branches of the function at x = –1.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 3a Continued

The function is 4 when x ≤ –1, ●


so plot the point (–1, 4) with a
closed circle and draw a
horizontal ray to the left. The
function is –2 when x > –1, so
plot the point (–1, –2) with an O
open circle and draw a
horizontal ray to the right.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 3b

Graph the function.

–3x if x < 2
g(x) =
x+3 if x ≥ 2

The function is composed of two linear


pieces. The domain is divided at x = 2.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 3b Continued

x –3x x+3
–4 12 ●
–2 6
0 0
2 –6 5
4 7 O

Add an open circle at (2, –6) and a closed circle at


(2, 5) and so that the graph clearly shows the
function value when x = 2.
Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions

Notice that piecewise functions are not necessarily


continuous, meaning that the graph of the function
may have breaks or gaps.
To write the rule for a piecewise function, determine
where the domain is divided and write a separate
rule for each piece. Combine the pieces by using the
correct notation.

Remember!
The distance formula d = rt can be arranged to
d
find rates: r = .
t

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 4

Shelly earns $8 an hour. She earns $12 an hour


for each hour over 40 that she works. Sketch a
graph of Shelly’s earnings versus the number
of hours that she works up to 60 hours. Then
write a piecewise function for the graph.
Shelly’s Earnings
Step 1 Make a table to
organize the data. Hours Pay
worked ($/hr)
0–40 8
>40 12
Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 4 Continued

Step 2 Because the number of hours worked is


the independent variable, determine the
intervals for the function.

0 ≤ h ≤ 40 She works equal to or less


than 40 hours.
h > 40 She works more than 40
hours.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 4 Continued

Step 3 Graph the function.

Shelly earns $8 per


hour for 0–40. After 40
hours, she earns $12
per hour.

Holt Algebra 2
9-2 Piecewise Functions
Check It Out! Example 4 Continued

Step 4 Write a linear function for each leg.


Use a point-slope form: y – y1 = m(x – x1).

0–40 hours: 8h Use m = 8.

Hours > 40: 12(h – 4) + 320 Use m = 12 and (40, 320).

8h if 0 ≤ h ≤ 40
The function rule is f(h) =
12(h – 40) + 320 if h > 40

Holt Algebra 2

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