SSLA-based Traffic Sign and Lane

Detection for Autonomous Cars

Abstract, Objective, Existing &
Proposed Systems, Design,
Implementation, Testing, and Future
Enhancement
 Abstract
• Overview of the traffic sign and lane detection
systems in autonomous vehicles.
• Focus on the use of SSLA (Semi-supervised
Learning Algorithm) for improving detection
accuracy.
• Addresses challenges in accurate traffic sign
and lane detection in diverse environments.
• Proposed system enhances detection and
reduces errors in real-time systems.
 Objective
• Primary Objective: To develop an SSLA-based
system that improves traffic sign recognition
and lane detection for autonomous vehicles.
• Specific Goals:
• - Enhance detection accuracy.
• - Achieve real-time processing.
• - Improve robustness in varying weather and
lighting conditions.
 Existing Systems
• Overview: Current systems used for traffic sign
and lane detection.
• Approaches:
• - Traditional computer vision-based methods
(e.g., Hough Transform, color segmentation).
• - Machine learning approaches (e.g.,
Convolutional Neural Networks - CNNs).
• Limitations:
• - High computational cost.
 Proposed System
• SSLA-based Approach: Semi-supervised
learning combined with deep learning for
enhanced detection.
• Key Features:
• - Utilizes a small labeled dataset combined
with a large unlabeled dataset for training.
• - Hybrid model combining traditional image
processing techniques and deep learning
models.
• - Improved generalization and real-time
 System Architecture
• High-Level Architecture: Diagram illustrating
how traffic signs and lane markings are
detected.
• Flowchart: Show the process flow from image
acquisition to final output.
 ER Diagram
• Entities:
• - Vehicle
• - Traffic Signs
• - Lane Markings
• - Camera Feed
• Relationships:
• - Vehicle detects Traffic Signs via Camera Feed.
• - Lane markings and Traffic Signs are related to
the road environment.
 UML Diagram - Use Case
• Actors:
• - Autonomous Vehicle
• - Traffic Sign Detection System
• - Lane Detection System
• Use Cases:
• - Detect Traffic Signs.
• - Detect Lane Boundaries.
• - Trigger Alerts based on Sign Detection.
 UML Diagram - Class Diagram
• Classes:
• - SignDetector (Detects Traffic Signs)
• - LaneDetector (Detects Lane Boundaries)
• - Camera (Captures Images)
• - PreProcessor (Preprocesses images for
analysis)
• - AlertSystem (Generates alerts based on
detected signs)
 System Design
• Components:
• - Camera Module: Captures the environment.
• - Preprocessing: Filters and normalizes images.
• - SSLA Module: Trains using labeled and
unlabeled data.
• - Detection Module: Detects lane markings
and traffic signs.
• - Alert Module: Sends notifications to the
vehicle system.
 SSLA Algorithm Overview
• Semi-supervised Learning: Explanation of SSLA
methodology.
• Advantages: Reduced reliance on labeled data,
faster learning, and improved model
performance.
• Working: How the SSLA algorithm trains on a
small labeled dataset and a large unlabeled
dataset.
 Data Collection
• Dataset:
• - Real-world driving scenarios (urban,
highway).
• - Traffic signs (speed limits, stop signs,
warnings).
• - Lane markings (solid and dashed lines).
• Challenges in Dataset: Variability in
environmental conditions, varying lighting.
 Preprocessing Techniques
• Techniques Used:
• - Grayscale conversion.
• - Histogram equalization.
• - Noise reduction.
• Purpose: Ensure uniform input to the model
for better detection.
 Detection Algorithms
• Traffic Sign Detection:
• - Color-based segmentation.
• - Shape recognition (circular, triangular signs).
• - Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs).
• Lane Detection:
• - Hough Transform for lane detection.
• - Deep learning-based methods for curve
detection.
 Implementation - Tools and
Technologies
• Programming Languages: Python, C++.
• Libraries: OpenCV, TensorFlow, Keras.
• Hardware: Cameras, onboard computing unit.
• Platform: ROS (Robot Operating System) or
custom autonomous vehicle framework.
 Testing Methodology
• Unit Testing:
• - Test individual modules like detection,
preprocessing, and alert generation.
• Integration Testing:
• - Test the interaction between detection and
alert systems.
• End-to-End Testing:
• - Simulate driving scenarios to evaluate system
performance.
 Test Cases
• Test Case 1: Verify lane detection in different
weather conditions (rain, fog).
• Test Case 2: Verify traffic sign recognition for
speed limits and stop signs.
• Test Case 3: Verify system's performance in
real-time with various driving scenarios.
 Results and Evaluation
• Performance Metrics:
• - Accuracy of sign and lane detection.
• - Processing time per frame.
• - False positive/negative rate.
• Evaluation: Show results of experiments using
sample images.
 Challenges and Limitations
• Challenges:
• - Variability in road conditions.
• - Environmental factors (lighting, weather).
• - Real-time processing constraints.
• Limitations:
• - SSLA might still struggle with unseen or
highly variable signs.
 Conclusion
• Summary: The SSLA-based system provides
improved accuracy for detecting traffic signs
and lane boundaries in autonomous vehicles.
• Impact: Enhances the safety and reliability of
autonomous driving systems.
• Benefits: Reduced need for labeled data,
robust detection in varied conditions.
 Future Enhancements
• Improved Models: Experiment with newer
machine learning models for better accuracy.
• Real-time Adaptation: Implement models that
continuously learn from new data while
driving.
• Extended Application: Apply SSLA to other
aspects of autonomous driving (pedestrian
detection, obstacle avoidance).
 References
• Books, Research Papers, Websites: Cite
sources used for the development of your
research and system.