Lesson 6

Homework: 14-15 ( mistakes)

Homework: 14-15 ( mistakes)
• plural
• comma (sau that/ adj clauses/ my neighbors sang karaoke the whole morning, which made me angry)
• because/ since/ fanboys…
• S-V agreement
• noun clause
• parallel
• a/an/the
• comma splice
• passive/ active

I was late for school because it rained heavily

because it rained heavily, I was late for school
contrast: … , while …
Homework: Mistake-finding exercise

• I am going to write about how the amount of crime is increasing in many countries and why.

• Nowdays there are many countries has increasing on the amount of crime and I think the
problem is that most of the crime has done by the young people which is under 18 and from
the age you can see and you can understand what is going on but in my openion I think the
main causes is the family and the school, the family I mean the mum and dad they have to
look after their tenagers until they grow up and do not let them watch films which has a fight
or blood, the school is the same as the second house for the tenagers and they have to teach
them how to grow up in good way and teach them how to respect the old people.
many countries are experiencing an increase in the amount of crime

there has been an increase in the amount of crime in many countries

..., teaching them how to grow up in a good way way and how to
respect old people
For example, I have been told from- by my oldest brother that in the UK, 2
years ago, a boy from Qatar he -> who is 16 years old has -> was killed by a
group of tenagers in Haisting, and they killed him without any reasons. and
when the Police asked them why did you do that -> why they did that, they
said we want -> they wanted to show of -> that we are -> they were the best.
So you can say they learn -> learned from the action movies.

Finally, I hope all of the people/ everyone can help the tenagers to give => by
giving them advice and to let => letting them know what will happen after the
-> a crime. Also, in schools they must teach them how to avoied the bad
movies and to grow up in safe way.
Answer
• I am going to write about how the amount of crime is increasing in
many countries and why.
• --> I am going to write about why the rate of crime is increasing in
many countries and how this problem can be addressed.
• --> The rate of crime is increasing in many countries. There are several
reasons for this, and this essay will suggest several ways to address
this problem.
• Nowdays there are many countries has increasing on the amount of crime and I think the
problem is that most of the crime has done by the young people which is under 18 and
from the age you can see and you can understand what is going on but in my openion I
think the main causes is the family and the school, the family I mean the mum and dad
they have to look after their tenagers until they grow up and do not let them watch films
which has a fight or blood, the school is the same as the second house for the tenagers
and they have to teach them how to grow up in good way and teach them how to respect
the old people.
• --> Nowadays, there are many countries that have to deal with increasing crime rates
among young people. I think the problem is that most of the crimes were committed by
the young who are under 18. From the age, you can see and understand what is going
on, but in my opinion, I think the main cause is related to problems in the home and at
school. As for the family, parents have to look after their teenagers until they grow up
and do not let them watch films which have fighting scenes or blood. Furthermore, the
school is the same as the second home for teenagers, teaching them how to grow up in
a good way and how to respect old people.
• For example, I have been told from my oldest brother that in the UK 2
years ago a boy from Qatar he is 16 years old has killed by group of
tenagers in Haisting and they killed him without any reasons and
when the Police asked them why did you do that they said we want to
show of we are the best. So you can say they learn from the action
movies.

• --> For example, I have been told by my oldest brother that in the
UK, 2 years ago, a 16-year-old boy who came from Qatar was killed
by a group of teenagers in Haisting. They killed him without any
reason and when the police asked them why they did that, they said
they wanted to show off that they were the best. So, you can say
they learned from action movies.
• Finally I hope all of the people can help the tenagers to give them
advice and to let them know what will happen after the crime. Also in
schools they must teach them how to avoied the bad movies and to
grow up in safe way.

• --> Finally, I hope adults can help teenagers by giving them advice
and letting them know what will happen after they have committed
a crime. Also, schools must teach students how to avoid violent
movies and to grow up in a safe way.
• The main cause has to do with the level of violence in movies. This is because many
children watch films which have fighting or killing scenes, affecting their behavior. As
a result, these youngsters are much more likely to commit crimes. For example, I
have been told by my oldest brother 2 years ago that a 16-year-old boy from Qatar
was killed by a group of teenagers in Haisting. When the police asked them why they
did that, they said they copied what they saw in an action movie. Therefore, violent
movies are behind the rise in youth crime. To address this problem, movies should be
censored. For example, movies with excessive violence can be banned completely,
and movie theaters should be asked to strictly enforce age restrictions. These steps
will curtail young people's exposure to violent movies, lowering their chances of
becoming criminals.
• Another cause is that most schools pay little attention to educating children about the
law. Therefore, many children commit crimes because they are unaware of the
consequences of their actions. For instance, my best friend was tricked into carrying
lots of heroin and was caught by the police. It turned out that his action is illegal and
we were never taught about this at school. Therefore, I believe that schools should
have more lessons about the law. This helps youngsters understand what they are
allowed to do and what they are not, which can reduce their criminality.
Answer these questions
• 1/ how many paragraphs are there in the essay? (4)
• 2/ what are the functions of these paragraphs?
• 3/ how do you write the first paragraph? (how many sentences? and
focus on the part highlighted in grey)
• 4/ how do you write the second + third paragraph? (what's the
function of the first sentence (highlighted in green) in these
paragraphs?; what's the function of the part highlighted in yellow?
• 5/ how do you write the last paragraph?
Writing - Read + translate this essay
• In some educational systems, children are required to study one or more foreign languages. In others, foreign language
study is not a requirement.
• What are the potential benefits of foreign language study?
• Do you think the foreign language study is an important part of education?
• In some countries, learning one or more foreign languages is compulsory. In my view, foreign language study has many
benefits, and it should be a requirement in all schools.
• There is no doubt in my mind that foreign language study has many benefits. Firstly, learning foreign languages helps children
develop greater critical and analytical skills, creativity, and flexibility of mind. This is because they have to analyze the
language to come up with the rules for themselves and then creatively use their vocabulary and grammar to express their
ideas in a flexible way. Secondly, foreign language study broadens children's understanding of the world. For example,
speaking a foreign language helps children understand other ways of thinking about the world and exposes them to the
customs and cultures of other countries.
• I strongly feel that all children should be required to study a foreign language. That way, they can receive the intellectual and
cultural benefits from an early age, as seen above. In addition, it is a well-known fact that it is easier for young children to
learn a foreign language. Studies have shown that the number of fluent speakers of English who started learning the language
before the age of 8 is far higher than that of those starting after the age of 15, and the former group often feel positively
about their language learning, with fewer difficulties. Therefore, starting foreign language study earlier rather than later is
more likely to result in a successful experience, which can encourage them to study further.
• In conclusion, there are many advantages to foreign language study for children, so it should be required in all schools. (271
words)
Writing made easy - step-by-step guides

• Step 1: How to make a point

• The sentence that expresses the main idea, or point, of a paragraph
is called the topic sentence.
Which is the topic sentence?
• a. CNN.com provides market trading information.
• b. CNN.com is a good source of national and world news.
• c. CNN.com has a lot to offer its readers.
• d. There are many video clips and podcasts available on CNN.com.

-> examples of the things CNN offers

• a. Food and toiletries can be purchased at bulk prices.
• b. The price of gasoline is cheaper at a warehouse club.
• c. My family and I enjoy shopping at warehouse clubs.
• d. My children love the food samples.

-> reasons
• a. Instead of talking on the telephone, we send text messages.
• b. People rarely talk to one another these days.
• c. Rather than talking with family members, we sit silently in front of
the TV or computer all evening.
• d. In cars, we ignore our traveling companions to listen to the radio.

-> examples
• a. Once I completely forgot to study for a history final.
• b. During finals week, something awful always happens.
• c. The city bus was twenty minutes late on the day of my English final.
• d. Another time, the battery in my calculator died during my math
final.
-> examples of something awful
Topic sentence
• An effective topic sentence does two things. First, it presents the
topic of the paragraph. Second, it expresses the writer’s attitude or
opinion or idea about the topic.

• For example, look at the following topic sentence:

Professional athletes are overpaid.

Topic -> Controlling idea

There are many advantages. (no topic)

• Living in a small town has many advantages (controlling idea).
• Cell phones should be banned in schools.
• Which part illustrates the topic? and which part provides the point
of view that the writer takes toward the topic?
• 1. The apartments on Walnut Avenue are a fire hazard.
• 2. Losing my job turned out to have benefits.
• 3. Blues is the most interesting form of American music.
• 4. Our neighbor’s backyard is a dangerous place (topic - controlling
idea).
• 5. Paula and Jeff are a stingy couple.
Homework
Stop sounds: t/d p/b /k/g
• “I felt like I had to prove something to my parents. I’d gone to art school without their
approval, and I wanted to show them that I’d made the right choice. So I overworked myself
in every possible way. I tried to qualify for scholarships every year. I did little side jobs, and
volunteer work, and lots of extracurricular activities. I actually enjoyed being so busy, even
though it was exhausting. It made me feel alive. Like I was growing. And building myself. And
moving forward. I felt like I wasn’t a loser in the race. I was keeping toward the front. But
the whole time my body was deteriorating. It started with being tired all the time. Then I
began to lose weight. Then little illnesses: a cold, the flu, digestive problems. I was carrying
pills with me all the time. Then last year I was diagnosed with thyroid cancer. It was curable,
and the surgery went well, but for the first time I was forced to think about dying. I always
thought I wasn’t afraid of death. But before my surgery, I was scared. I realized that I didn’t
want to die. I’m too young to die. So right now I’m taking a break from life. I just want to get
healthy. I’ve moved back in with my parents, and my plan this year is to have no plan. No
obligations. No self-improvement. Nothing. It hasn’t been completely peaceful. There are
moments when I feel anxious. Like I’m standing still. And the world is going on without me.
And everyone else is doing something: studying, earning money, building a career. But I’m
not. I’m just here.”
Accidents in the home
• What is the most dangerous thing in your home? How can your home
be made less dangerous?
• What is the most dangerous thing in your home for a child? How can
it be made less dangerous?
• What is the most dangerous thing in your home for an elderly person?
How can it be made less dangerous?
• What dangers can be found in the kitchen that can cause accidents?
• What can be done to prevent kitchen accidents?
• What dangers can be found in bathrooms that can cause accidents?
• What can be done to prevent bathroom accidents?
• What can a parent do to childproof a bathroom?
• What dangers can be found outside the home in the yard that can
cause accidents?
• What can be done to prevent yard accidents?
Accidents
• Have you ever seen a traffic accident?
• Have you been involved in a traffic accident?
• Do you know someone who has been involved in a traffic accident?
• Have you been injured in a traffic accident?
• Do you think talking on cell phones can help cause traffic accidents?
• Do you think a motorcycle rider should be required to wear a helmet?
• Do you think a person should be required to wear a seat belt?
• What should be done in order to prevent traffic congestion in your
city?
• How do you feel about spending time in rush hours?