PROC TECH 2PL3

Intro to PLC Programming

Lecture 7:
PLC Timer Functions (Cont’d)

Dr. Zhen Gao

Agenda for this lecture

• 1. Review of Timer Classification and Timer Table

• 2. Review of Cascaded TON Timers, and Self Resetting
TON Timers
• 3. Major disadvantage of Non-retentive Timers - to
introduce RTO Timer
• 4. Timer Reset Coils (RES)
• 5. Examples of Timer Function Applications
• 6. Time Off Delay (TOF)
• 7. Sample Questions

2
 Review: Classification of Timers
Non-retentive timer Retentive timer

(TON)
Time On Delay Retentive Timer (RTO)

Time Off Delay(TOF)

3
 Review: Timer Information
The timer table contains all information for
that timer

– /EN: Timer is enabled (i.e. the input rung is energized)

– /TT: Timer is timing
– /DN: Timer is done
– .PRE: Timer preset value (point at which the timer stops timing)
– .ACC: Timer accumulator (accumulated time value)
4
 Review: Cascaded TON Timers

• Insert a new rung containing a second timer just below the

first rung as shown below. This second timer T4:2 will be
enabled when the first timer's Done bit T4:1/DN goes true
or high (1).

5
Review: Self Resetting Timers

6
 Review:
A Powerful Tool: Cascaded + Self Resetting Timers

• Cascaded Timers can be applied to sequence control

7
• Cascade + Self Resetting generates sequence control loop (repeatable)
Review: Cascade + Self Resetting:
Sequence Control Loop

8
Major disadvantage of Non-retentive Timers
– to introduce RTO Timer
• The major disadvantage of Non-retentive Timers (TON,
TOF):
• - When a Non-retentive Timer is timing, and its input is
suddenly turned off intentionally or non-intentionally, the
accumulated value (ACC) will be reset. Then the
information of the recorded time delay is unavailable.
• To conquer the main disadvantage of Non-retentive
Timers, namely to retain the accumulated value of the
(RTO)
timer, is the purpose to create a new timer which is called
as
9
--- Retentive Timer
 Retentive Timer (RTO)

• Functions exactly like TON except the accumulated

time value is retained even if the input rung is de-energized.

So, how to reset RTO?

10
 Timer Reset Coils (RES)
• A reset coil (RES) can be associated with a timer (any
timer) to provide a means of resetting the accumulated
time value (and status bits) at any given time

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 Examples of Timer
Function Applications
• On delay
– Output B comes on at a specific set time after output A is
turned on. When A is turned off, B also goes off.
• Limited on time
– A and B go on at the same time. B goes off after specific set time
period, but A remains on.
• One-shot operation
– The output comes on for its specified time period even if the
input is turned off during the timing period.
• Interval time within a cycle
– We may require that an output come on 7.5 seconds after system
startup, remain on for 4.5 seconds, and then go off and stay off. The
interval would repeat only after the system is shut off and then turned
back on. 12
 On Delay Timer Function

• The first example is the simplest form of time delay.

– When the circuit is turned on, one action (O:2/0) takes place.
– A specified time (60*0.1 = 6 seconds) later, another action
(O:2/1) occurs.

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 Examples of Timer
Function Applications
• On delay
– Output B comes on at a specific set time after output A is
turned on. When A is turned off, B also goes off.
• Limited on time
– A and B go on at the same time. B goes off after specific set time
period, but A remains on.
• One-shot operation
– The output comes on for its specified time period even if the
input is turned off during the timing period.
• Interval time within a cycle
– We may require that an output come on 7.5 seconds after system
startup, remain on for 4.5 seconds, and then go off and stay off. The
interval would repeat only after the system is shut off and then turned
back on. 14
 Limited On-Time Timer Function
• This example illustrates a situation in which two outputs
go on at the same time.
• Then, one of them is to go off after a preset period of time.
• One output, O:2/0, stays on; the other output, O:2/1, turns
off at the end of the timing interval.
• Resetting is accomplished by turning I:1/0 off.

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 Examples of Timer
Function Applications
• On delay
– Output B comes on at a specific set time after output A is
turned on. When A is turned off, B also goes off.
• Limited on time
– A and B go on at the same time. B goes off after specific set time
period, but A remains on.
• One-shot operation
– The output comes on for its specified time period even if the
input is turned off during the timing period.
• Interval time within a cycle
– We may require that an output come on 7.5 seconds after system
startup, remain on for 4.5 seconds, and then go off and stay off. The
interval would repeat only after the system is shut off and then turned
back on. 16
 One-shot Operation Timer Function

• One-shot operation.
– The output comes on for its specified time period even if the
input is turned off during the timing period.

17
 Examples of Timer
Function Applications
• On delay
– Output B comes on at a specific set time after output A is
turned on. When A is turned off, B also goes off.
• Limited on time
– A and B go on at the same time. B goes off after specific set time
period, but A remains on.
• One-shot operation
– The output comes on for its specified time period even if the
input is turned off during the timing period.
• Interval time within a cycle
– We may require that an output come on after input is energized for
7.5 seconds. Then the output remains on for 4.5 seconds, and then go
off and stay off. The interval would repeat only after the system is shut
off and then turned back on. 18
 Interval Time Within a Cycle
• This example is for a timed interval of a number of seconds after the start of a
process operation.
– This time interval is sometimes called an embedded time interval.
– A fan (output device) is to come on after a system is turned on for 8.7 seconds.
– It is then to run until 16 seconds after the system is turned on, which is a net
time of 7.3 seconds.

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Calculate the cumulative Motor-total-on
and Motor-total-off time

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 Time Off Delay (TOF)
The TOF timer functions the opposite of the TON timer.
• According to its name, the basis function of TOF is: you
want to turn off an output after a certain time delay.

• You can use a TOF to achieve off-delay.

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 Time Off Delay (TOF)

Initial State – (Input switch is on, I:1/0=1, XIC=true):

1. the EN bit is on.
2. the DN bit is on, and the output is on
3. the TT bit is off
4. the ACC (Timer accumulator) is not working.

1
T4:0/EN = ____ 0
T4:0/TT = ____ 1
T4:0/DN = ___ T4:0.ACC =0____
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 Time Off Delay (TOF)

Transit State – (Turn off input switch, I:1/0=0, XIC=false):

1. the EN bit is off.
2. the DN bit is still on, and the output is still energized.
3. the TT bit is on
4. the ACC (Timer accumulator) is working.

0
T4:0/EN = ____ 1
T4:0/TT = ____ 1
T4:0/DN = ___ T4:0.PRE =60
____
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 Time Off Delay (TOF)

Final State – (input switch is still off, and Timer stops incrementing):
1. the EN bit is off.
2. the DN bit is off, and the output is de-energized.
3. the TT bit is off
4. the value of ACC (Timer accumulator) equals to the preset.

0
T4:0/EN = ____ 0
T4:0/TT = ____ 0
T4:0/DN = ___ T4:0.ACC =60
____
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 Time Off Delay (TOF)
What if when it is in Transit State and the TOF is timing, you
suddenly make the input true?

Transit State

Answer: it will go back to

the initial state

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 Sample Question
• For the following program, the “Input” toggle switch is normally
closed. When you put the program in run mode, what will happen to
the following bits? ( )

• A) TT = 1, EN = 0, DN = 0
• B) TT = 1, EN = 1, DN = 0
• C) TT = 1, EN = 1, DN = 1
• D) TT = 0, EN = 1, DN = 1
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• E) TT = 0, EN = 0, DN = 1
 Sample Question
• For the following program, the “Input” toggle switch is normally
closed. When you put the program in run mode, what will happen to
the following bits? ( D )

• A) TT = 1, EN = 0, DN = 0
• B) TT = 1, EN = 1, DN = 0
• C) TT = 1, EN = 1, DN = 1
• D) TT = 0, EN = 1, DN = 1
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• E) TT = 0, EN = 0, DN = 1
• For the program shown, assuming that PS1 becomes
true and stays true for 15 seconds, which one of the
following statements is true? ( )

• A. L1 and L2 both turn on 10 seconds after PS1 turns on.

• B. L2 turns on 10 seconds after PS1 turns on. L2 turns off 5
seconds after PS1 turns off.
• C. L1 turns on with PS1 and stays on for 15 seconds. L2 turns
on 10 seconds after PS1 turns on and stays on for 5 seconds.
• D. L1 turns on with PS1 and stays on for 15 seconds. L2 turns
on 10 seconds after PS1 turns on and never turns off.
• For the program shown, assuming that PS1 becomes
true and stays true for 15 seconds, which one of the
following statements is true? ( D )

• A. L1 and L2 both turn on 10 seconds after PS1 turns on.

• B. L2 turns on 10 seconds after PS1 turns on. L2 turns off 5
seconds after PS1 turns off.
• C. L1 turns on with PS1 and stays on for 15 seconds. L2 turns
on 10 seconds after PS1 turns on and stays on for 5 seconds.
• D. L1 turns on with PS1 and stays on for 15 seconds. L2 turns
on 10 seconds after PS1 turns on and never turns off.
For the following program, if you turn on the normally open toggle switch for 1
second, and then turn it off, which will happen to the output which is wired to
O:2/1? ( )

(A) The output turns on as soon as the toggle switch turns on. The
output
stays on for 1 second and then automatically goes off.
(B) The output turns on as soon as the toggle switch turns on. The
output
stays on for 5 seconds and then automatically goes off.
(C) The output turns on as soon as the toggle switch turns on. The
output
For the following program, if you turn on the normally open toggle switch for 1
second, and then turn it off, which will happen to the output which is wired to
O:2/1? ( C )

(A) The output turns on as soon as the toggle switch turns on. The
output
stays on for 1 second and then automatically goes off.
(B) The output turns on as soon as the toggle switch turns on. The
output
stays on for 5 seconds and then automatically goes off.
(C) The output turns on as soon as the toggle switch turns on. The
output