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Lecture 4.5 of DC

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8 views15 pages

Lecture 4.5 of DC

Uploaded by

vermanew2001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Faculty Name: Preeti sohni

Year/Branch: III Year/ EC


Subject Code: EC-502
Subject Name: Digital Communication
LECTURE 4.5
Content

 Bit Error Rate of BFSK

 Comparison of modulation techniques


Bit Error Rate of BFSK

BFSK is a two-dimensional modulation scheme with two time-limited


signals are:

We assume appropriately chosen ‘mark’ and ‘space’ frequencies such


that the two basis functions are orthonormal
Bit Error Rate of BFSK

We will consider the coherent demodulator. Obtain the optimum error


performance for binary FSK

The two signal vectors are


Two associated scalars are

Now, suppose S1 represents logic 1 and S2 represents logic 0


Bit Error Rate of BFSK

The decision Zones are shown by the discontinuous line :


Coherent demodulation structure for BFSK
Coherent demodulation structure for BFSK

If s1(t) is transmitted and if noise is absent, the output of the


upper correlator r1 is while the output of the lower correlator
r2 is zero.

Intermediate parameter L = (r1 – r2) > 0.

Similarly, it is easy to see that if s2(t) is transmitted, L < 0

we see that the decision boundary is a straight line with unit


slope.

This implies that, if the received vector r the output of the


correlator bank is in decision zone Z1, then L > 0 and otherwise
it is in zone Z2.
Coherent demodulation structure for BFSK

When we consider additive noise, ‘L’ represents a random variable


whose mean is + if message ‘1’ is transmitted .

For message ‘0’, the mean of ‘L’ is -

r1 and r2 are independent and identically distributed random


variables with the same variance No/2.

So, variance of ‘L’ = variance of ‘r1’ + variance of ‘r2’ = No/2 + No/2


= No

Now, assuming that a ‘0’ has been transmitted, the likelihood


function is:

l is sample value of random variable ‘L’.


Coherent demodulation structure for BFSK

Average probability of error when ‘0’ is transmitted


Now as 1 and 0 are equally likely to occur at the input of
modulator , the overall BER is
Comparison of modulation techniques
Comparison of modulation techniques
Thank You

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