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Pathology (3)

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6 views

Pathology (3)

Uploaded by

myselenophile23
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CELL REPAIR AND WOUND HEALING

GROUP A

Fizza Maqsood 01 M Naqash Zahra. 05 M Muhammad Arif. 10 M


Syedah Zeenat Zahra 02 M Saeed Shafique. 07 M
Malik Ali Hussain 03 M M Dilawar. 08 M Rana Tahir Rafique 38 E
Romaisa Batool 43 E
CELL DAMAGE
CELL REPAIR

Repair of injured cells can be accomplished by either:


 Regeneration of parenchymal cells
 Repair and replacement by stromal connective tissue

Regeneration: Repair:
• Healing take place by proliferation of • Healing takes place by
surrounding undamaged specialized cell. formation of granular tissue.
• It is the result in complete restoration of • It results in fibrinosis and scar
original tissue. tissue.
Types Of Cells involved in regeneration:

1. Labile Cells 2. Stable Cells: 3.Permanent Cells:


• These cells routinely divide and • These cells usually have • These cells can never divide and don’t
replace cells that have a limited life a long lifespan with have ability for replication even when
span. normally a low division stressed.
• They have a great potential for rate, they can rapidly • When permanent cells die, they aren’t
regeneration by replication and divide upon demand. replaced in kind but instead connective
repopulation with the same type of • They have low potential tissue move into occupy the damaged
cell. for regeneration area.
REPAIR BY CONNECTIVE TISSUE(FIBROSIS)

This type of repair occurs in severe tissue injury with damage to both parenchymal cells & to the basement
membrane.
Fibrosis consists of four parts:
1.Angiogenesis (new blood vessels formation).
2. Migration & proliferation of fibroblasts.
3. Deposition of ECM (EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX).
4. Maturation & reorganization of fibrous tissue.
STAGES OF REPAIR BY FIBROSIS

 Within minutes after injury, a hemostatic plug comprised of platelets is formed, which

stops bleeding and provides a scaffold for infiltrating inflammatory cells.


 In 6-48 hours, Inflammation starts, This step is comprised of the typical acute and chronic

inflammatory responses, these inflammatory cells eliminate the offending agents,


Macrophages are the central cellular players in the repair process
 By 3-5 days: formation of Granulation tissue.
WOUND HEALING

Wound Healing is a dynamic process of restoring the anatomical function of a living tissue.
Types of Wound:

Open Wound Closed Wound


PHASES OF WOUND HEALING

1.Hemostasis 3. Proliferation

2.
Inflammation 4.Remodeling
Hemostasis

Vasoconstriction

Platelets' aggregation

Clot formation
Inflammation

• Bleeding and Swallowing


• Pain, redness , and heat
• Recruitment of cells
• Removal of bacteria and debris
• Preparation for the next phase

The inflammatory phase typically lasts 2-4 days,


but can lasts up to 6 days or longer.
Proliferation
• Granulation tissue
formation
• Angiogenesis
• Re-epithelialization
• Wound Contraction
Remodeling

• Collagen production
• Wound contraction
• Scar tissue formation
• Vascularity stabilization
• Cell death

It is the longest stage of wound


healing .It begins around 2-3 weeks after
an injury and lasts up for 2 years.
FACTORS AFFECTING WOUND HEALING
ROLE OF IMMUNE CELL IN WOUND HEALING
 Platelets secrete growth factors that stimulate other cells involved in repair.
 T cells migrate to the wound and help prevent the further deterioration of early wound.
 M1 macrophages are involved in inflammation and microbial decontamination.
 M2 macrophages promote wound closure.

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