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Multifocal Lens

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Midhun P. Mathew
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52 views

Multifocal Lens

Uploaded by

Midhun P. Mathew
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MULTIFOCAL LENS

BY
GROUP A
Jaikumar Jain
M.Karthiga
S.Jeyapriya
D.Banumathi
Bijuna P Jose
R.Nandhini
REVIEW OF BIFOALS
 Itis meant for both distance and near vision
 Both the power has been combined in two
different areas in the same lens
 Both the power has got different focal properties
 Area which has got the larger field of view is
called MAJOR portion
 The line dividing DP & NP is called as
DIVIDING LINE
BIFOCAL
Shapes of bifocals
 Round bifocal
 Up curve bifocal
 Down curve bifocal
 Executive bifocal
 D form bifocal
 Segment bifocal
MULTIFOCALS
 The name itself says that it has got different
focal power at different places
 Mainly meant for high presbyopes, who are in
need of third power for better vision
 Intermediate addition
 Third power also helps greatly in reducing the
JUMP EFFECT
Types
TRIFOCAL
VARIFOCAL(real multifocal)
TRIFOCAL
 Itis the simplest form of multifocal
 The intermediate portion and position has to be
decided by opticians
 DP, NP & IP are incorporated to form trifocals
 Three distinguishable form
 It has got three different focal power
 The requirement of trifocal is similar to that of
bifocal
Contd…………
 IP isdepends upon the available accommdation
of the wearer
 Example: If the person has AA of 0.75D ,he is
not in need of distance correction but in need
of near correction
 Power of the IP depends on the profession of an
individual eg:muscian,librarian
Split trifocal
 Lens are combined in Franklin-fashion into a
metal frame
 The IP placed between DP&NP or above the DP
 Optical centers positioned as required
 Adjustable to frame
Cemented trifocals
 Constructed by taking a main lens whose power
is equal to that of IP & cementing onto it a
concave segment(distance) & convex
segment(reading)
 If IP is above DP, main lens power - DP power
and apt CONVEX SEGMENTS cemented upon
it
Fused trifocal
 Most popular current trifocal design
 Three different glasses are combined to form a
fused trifocal

 ADVANTAGE:

- NEATNESS
- COMPARITIVE INVISIBILITY
Types
UNIVIS-TRIVIS TILLYER S724
TRIFOCAL: TRIFOCAL:
 IP depth:6mm,8mm  Similar to trivis
or 10mm  Depth of IP-
 Segment dia:22mm 7mm
 63% of the reading  50% of the
add reading add
 Overall seg
size:24*22mm
Types
TILLYER SOVEREIGN PANOPTIK TRIFOCAL:
CURVE TOP  Depth of
TRIFOCAL:
IP:6.8mm
 Depth of IP:7mm  Overall seg
 50% of reading
size:25*19 mm
add  Ratio between IP
 Overall seg
& RP add varies
size:24*19mm with the RP add
Panoptik trifocals

ADD IP & RP RATIO


 +1.50 & +1.75  35%
 +2.00 & +2.75  55%
 +3.00 & +3.50  66%
Types
SHURON ROUND CROMWELL ROUND
TOP TRIFOCAL: TOP TRIFOCAL:
 Depth of IP: 8mm  Depth of IP:7.5mm
 Seg dia:21.5 mm  Max IP depth:6.5mm
 IP/RP ratio: 50%
Types
WISEMAN TRIVUE UNIVIS ULTRA C.V
TRIFOCAL: TRIFOCAL:
 Fusing the reading D shaped reading
segment into the segment is fused into
intermediate segment the intermediate
 IP seg dia:22.5mm segment
 IP/RP ratio:50%  IP/RP ratio:50%
Types
DOUBLE SEGMENT TRIFOCALS:
 Fusing the intermediate into the top of the lens
 Segment may be circular or shaped or
combination of these
 Distance between tops: 10-14mm, varied on
IP/RP ratio

double segment double D


segment
Solid trifocals
 Solid – made by one piece of the material
 Types: Up and Downcurve trifocals
Concentric trifocals
Band trifocals
Up and Down curve trifocals
 Up curved distance portion into the upper
portion of lens
 Diameter of up curve segment and its position in
relation to the down curve segment can be
varied at will as can the IP/RP addition ratio
 If the IP is (+)ve the centration in the RP will be
good but the centration in the DP will be
comparatively poor
Up And Downcurve

 Visible centre controlled trifocal


Concentric solid trifocals
 Invisible solid downcurve
Boundary
• Periphery of the larger segment DP and IP
• Periphery of the smaller segment IP and RP
 IP is thus a concentric band around the RP
 Width of this band is equal to the difference
between the radii of the concentric segments
 Large amount of JUMP effect at the DP/IP
dividing line and IP/RP dividing line
Types
 Uniluxe- IP/RP ratio varied
 Alpha - IP/RP ratio is fixed
Types
 Supervis - IP/RP ratio is varied
- Dividing line: B/w DP and IP is
invisible, B/w IP and NP is visible

 Orma 1000 plastics - IP/RP ration is fixed


- CR-39 monomer
 Ultex T - IP/RP ratio is fixed
Concentric solid trifocals
Trifocals Diameter IP band
IP RP
Uniluxe 38mm 22mm 8mm
(small)
Uniluxe(large 46mm 30mm 8mm
)
Alpha 48mm 32mm 8mm
supervis(sm 38mm 24mm 7mm
all)
Supervis(larg 45mm 27mm 9mm
e)
Orma 1000 36mm 22mm 7mm
plastic(small
)
Orma 1000 41mm 26mm 7.5mm
plastic(large)
Band trifocals
 Visibledividing line
 No jump effect because of optic centre on the
dividing line
Band trifocals
 (i)Tillyer “Exceutive” trifocal
- Similar to the Exceutive bifocal but
includes a 7mm band for intermediate vision
- The DP/IP dividing line being position
dcentrally on a 60 X 56mm blank
- Segments on the front surface of the lens
 (ii) Igard “full field” trifocal

- Perspex material and similar to full field


bifocals
- Segments on the back surface of the lens
Combination trifocal
 Combination of lens - Combining fused or
cemented or solid lenses to trifocal
 Up and down curve trifocal - downcurve RP is
fused and the up curve DP is solid could be
referred to as a combination trifocal

Solid up curve and fused down curve


Combination trifocal
 Tripos trifocal- has a fused Univis D segment to
form the RP and a Uniseal countersunk segment
in the upper portion for the intermediate vision

Unisealed up curve and univis D down curv


Combination trifocal

 Double bifocals – the upper segment has the


same power as the lower segment
 The distance between the upper and lower
segments should not be less the about 10mm
VARIFOCAL LENSES
 Varifocal give continuous vision at all distances
instead of the predetermined working distances
allowed by bifocal or trifocal…
 These lenses have three zones of vision:

Distance
Intermediate
Near
 Distinct vision is obtained at all distances
 There is no image jump
Progressive lens design
Properties of varilux lenses
 The power is stabilised in both distance and
reading portion
 A progression zone lies between
 Power increases as radius of curvature decreases
from distance to near zones
Properties of varilux lenses

 Progression surface is continuous with the


distance and reading portion surface
 Change in curvature is invisible , it have the
outward appearance of a single vision
 Generation ,smoothing and polishing
operations are done with special machinery
and surfacing techniques
Markings on PAL

DP

OD
+

CR+

RP
VARIFOCAL LENSES
Optical perfomance in progressive zone
 In progression zone(PZ), there is steady
decrease in the radius of surface curvature for 12
mm
 For example: A lens of +1.00DS with final
addition +2.00 DS
 Continuous progression of lens power in PZ at
the rate of 0.167DS/mm.
 (i.e) 2/12=0.167, where 2 = power of add, 12
region of PZ
Image formayion by PZ
 In PZ, for 1mm power is +1.167 DS,
2mm power is +1.33 DS, etc….
VARIFOCAL LENSES
 Let usable area be 3mm diameter in PZ
 Power of lower limiting ray is 0.50 D more than
the upper limting ray(refer left down circle in
previous figure)
 Best image - elliptical in shape, composed of two
ellipse superimposed on other
 This image is smaller than the circle of least
confusion of +0.50 D error & tolerance by eye’s
resolving power
VARIFOCAL LENSES
 Appliesonly to vertical meridian and in lateral to
PZ andRP, image deteriorates
VARIPLAS
 Plastic version of varilux lens with PZ on concave
lens
 Made of CR-39 monomer
 Optical advantages of varifocal lens & mechanical
advantage of plastic lens
VARIFOCAL LENSES

FOR BEST RESULT


 Centered lens fitted carefully in frame
 Exact monocular IPD
 Vertical positioning of distance optical centers
Omnifocal lens
 Glass lens – progression starts gradually from the
top of the lens to bottom
 The length of transition zone b/w reference point
= 25mm
 Above distance reference point – less positive
than needed
 Below near reference point – more positive than
needed
 Blanks available are -+4.25 DS, +6.25 DS, +8.25
DS
Omnifocal lens
Omnifocal lens

 Cyl power can be incorporated along with the


add on front surface
 Extra cyl power is netralised by working on
second sutface
 Also called as bi-toric lens

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