Development

al Task and
Challenges
of
Adolescence
 Lesson
Objective
▪Discuss developmental
tasks and challenges
being experienced
during adolescence.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 2

 Read and Express your thoughts and
feelings and ideas on the following
situations.
Situation 1
Situation 2
▪ Erica is a Grade 11 student. Although she is
quite plump, she is undeniably pretty. Since ▪ John is an active member of school
she is sociable, she became popular and organizations. He has a lot of talents
gained a lot of friends in school. She is just an to share and ideas to contribute to
average student but having a crush on her Top their club. Aside from that, he is
one classmate urged her to spend late nights known for his good looks, neatness,
studying to keep up with him. However, all her and tidiness. However, these
efforts still fell short and she did not make it to seemingly likeable characteristics
the cut of students with honors. Because of became the very reasons for rumors
this, she developed an eating disorder that and gossips-- that he is a member of
caused her to lose huge weight. She also the LGBTQ+I community. This hurt him
started to have breakouts. With these, the
then friendly Erica became aloof and self-
so much that he almost wanted to
conscious drop from schooling.
4/14/2021 Annual Review 3
Processing
Questions:
▪1. What kind of ▪2. What ▪ 3. What challenges
adolescent did challenges did do Filipino
the two students John and Erica adolescents face
most
portray in the two experience?
situations?

4/14/2021 Annual Review 4

Most Common Challenges of
Adolescence
B_OL_ _I_AL

4/14/2021 Annual Review 5

Most Common Challenges of
Adolescence
BIOLOGICAL
CHALLENGES

4/14/2021 Annual Review 6

Most Common Challenges of
Adolescence
C_GN_T_ _E

4/14/2021 Annual Review 7

Most Common Challenges of
Adolescence
COGNITIVE
CHALLENGES

4/14/2021 Annual Review 8

Most Common Challenges of
Adolescence
P_Y_OL_ _ICA_

4/14/2021 Annual Review 9

Most Common Challenges of
Adolescence
PSYCHOLOGICAL
CHALLENGES

4/14/2021 Annual Review 10

Most Common Challenges of
Adolescence
BIOLOGICAL CHALLENGES
Adolescence begins with the first well-defined
maturation event called puberty.
Included in the biological challenges are the
changes that occur due to the release of the sexual
hormones that affect emotions.
Mood changes can increase which can have an
impact on relationships both at home with parents
and siblings and peers at school.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 11

Most Common Challenges of
Adolescence
COGNITIVE CHALLENGES
Theory of Social Development (Piaget)
Adolescence is the time when young people develop
cognitively from “concrete operations” to “formal
operations”, so they are able to deal with ideas, concepts,
and abstract theories.

Adolescents are egocentric. They can become self-

conscious thinking they are being watched by others, and at
other times they behave as if they were on a center stage
and perform for a non-existent audience.
4/14/2021 Annual Review 12
Most Common Challenges of
Adolescence
PSYCHOLOGICAL CHALLENGES
As adolescents continue their journey of self-
discovery, they continually adjust to new
experiences, even biologically and socially. This can
be both stressful and anxiety-provoking.
It, therefore, is not surprising that adolescents can
have a decreased tolerance for change; hence, it
becomes increasingly more difficult for them to
modulate their behaviors which are sometimes
displayed by inappropriate mood swings and angry
outbursts.
4/14/2021 Annual Review 13
 Health
Issues of
EATING DISORDERS
Adolescenc
▪ illness that are characterized by irregular
e
eating habits and severe distress or concern
about body weight or shape. Eating
disturbances may include inadequate or
excessive food intake which can ultimately
damage an individual’s well-being.
4/14/2021 Annual Review 14
 Types of Eating
Disorders
▪ANOREXIA NERVOSA
Teenagers with anorexia may take
extreme measures to avoid eating and
to control the quantity and quality of
the foods they eat. They may become
abnormally thin and still talk about
feeling fat. They typically continue to
strict diet even at very unhealthy
weights because they have a distorted
image of their body.
4/14/2021 Annual Review 15
 Types of Eating
Disorders
▪ BULIMIA NERVOSA Teenagers with bulimia nervosa typically
‘binge and purge’ by engaging in
uncontrollable episodes of overeating
(bingeing) usually followed by compensatory
behavior such as: purging through vomiting,
use of laxatives, enemas, fasting, or
excessive exercise. Eating binges may occur
as often as several times a day but are
most common in the evening and night
hours.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 16

 Mental Health
Disorders
▪ ANXIETY DISORDERS

Anxiety disorders are a group of mental

disorders characterized by significant
feelings of anxiety and fear. Anxiety is a
worry about future events, and fear is a
reaction to current events. These
feelings may cause physical symptoms,
such as a fast heart rate and shakiness.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 17

 Mental Health
Disorders
▪ MOOD DISORDERS

The development of emotional or

behavioral symptoms in response to
identifiable stressors that occur within 3
months of the onset of the stressors.
Here, low mood, tearfulness, or feelings
of hopelessness are predominant.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 18

 Mental Health
Disorders
▪ MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

A period of at least 2 weeks during

which there is either depressed mood
or the loss of interest or pleasure in
nearly all activities. In children and
adolescents, the mood may be irritable
rather than sad.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 19

 Mental Health
Disorders
▪ BIPOLAR DISORDER

A period of abnormally and persistently

elevated, expansive, or irritable mood
and abnormally and persistency
increased activity or energy, lasting at
least 4consecutive days and present
most of the day, nearly every day, or
that requires
hospitalization..

4/14/2021 Annual Review 20

 Mental Health
Disorders
▪ ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER

Definitions of the symptom complex

known as attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) differ, but severe
problems with concentration or
attention and/or hyperactivity are
estimated to affect adolescents. Six
times as many boys as girls are affected.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 21

 Mental Health
Disorders
▪ SCHOOL PHOBIA

-school refusal
-defined as a persistent and irrational fear of going to school.
It must be distinguished from a mere dislike of school that is related to
issues such as a new teacher, a difficult examination, the class bully, lack
of confidence, or having to undress for a gym class.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 22

 Mental Health
Disorders
▪ LEARNING DISABILITIES

• Learning abilities encompasses disorders that

affect the way individuals with normal or above
normal intelligence receive, store, organize,
retrieve, and use information.
• Problems included dyslexia and other specific
learning problems involving reading, spelling,
writing, reasoning, and mathematics.
• Undiagnosed learning disabilities are a common
but manageable cause of young people deciding to
leave school at the earliest opportunity.
4/14/2021 Annual Review 23
 Social Issues
▪ SEXUAL ABUSE
• A sexual act forced upon a woman, man, or child
without their consent.
• Sexual abuse in childhood may result in problems of
depression and low self-esteem, as well as in sexual
difficulties, either avoidance of sexual contact or, on
the other hand, promiscuity or prostitution.
• Sexual abuse in children is regarded by the World
Health Organization (WHO) as one of the major public
health problems.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 24

 Social Issues
▪ SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Our youth suffer from substance

abuse in familiar ways: diminished
health, compromised school
performance, and reduced
opportunities for development. Our
communities also bear a heavy
burden for adolescent substance
abuse.
4/14/2021 Annual Review 25
 Social Issues
▪ INFLUENCE OF MASS MEDIA

Adolescents spend a significant amount of time in viewing and

interacting with electronic devices in the form of TV, radio, cellphone,
and computers. Mass media activate and reinforce attitude and
contribute significantly in the formation of new attitudes and will
continue to affect children's cognitive and social development.
dolescent substance abuse.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 26

 Social Issues
▪ IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA

This constant noise is associated

with negative mental health
outcomes in younger generations
who have grown up with the
chatter. This constant noise is
associated with negative mental
health outcomes in younger
generations who have grown up
with the chatter.
4/14/2021 Annual Review 27
 Social Issues
▪ IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA

In an article by Dr. Shamard Charles (2012), he summarized that

“recent studies have shown that more social media use is associated
with increased reported symptoms of social anxiety, social isolation,
and feelings of loneliness.”

4/14/2021 Annual Review 28

 Social Issues
▪ IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA
Another effect of social media is an
intense feeling of isolation. It is
easy to think that checking on
what friends are posting on
Facebook will lead to a greater
sense of connectedness, but
studies have shown that it’s
actually the opposite.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 29

 A developmental task is a task that
arises at or about a certain period in
life, unsuccessful achievement of
which leads to inability to perform
tasks associated with the next period
or stage in life.

4/14/2021 Annual Review 30

 DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS OF ADOLESCENCE

1. Learning to get along with friends of 4. Making decisions about marriage

both sexes and family life.

5. Preparing for a job or career

2. Accepting one's physical body and
keeping it healthy.

6. Acquiring a set of values to guide

behavior.
3. Becoming more self-sufficient

7. Becoming socially
responsible

4/14/2021 Annual Review 31

 Let’s reflect!

Write an essay about the topic: “What Kind

of Adolescent I am?”

4/14/2021 Annual Review 32

 Thank
you for
listening!
Ma’am Elaine