BI ARCHITECTURE AND BA PROJECT

MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

Week 4
 RECAPPING WEEK 3

Conceptual foundation of decision making

Simon’s 4 phases of decision making process

Multiple perspectives of decision making

DSS for decision making in practice

 High level view of BA
architecture

Data warehouse

ETL process
TODAY’S
AGENDA BAPMF

Business analytics is a process

Tableau test
 HIGH LEVEL BA ARCHITECTURE VIEW

• A BA Architecture/system has four major environments

• a data warehouse, with its source data
• business analytics, a collection of tools for manipulating,
mining, and analyzing the data in the data warehouse
• business performance management (BPM) for monitoring and
analyzing performance
• a user interface (e.g., dashboard)

Copyright 2014 Pearson Education

 BI
ARCHITECTURE Data Warehouse Business Analytics Performance and
Environment Environment Strategy
Data Technical staff Business users Managers / executives
Sources Built the data warehouse Access
Data
ü Organizing Warehouse BPM strategy
ü Summarizing Manipulation
ü Standardizing Results

User Interface
Future component - browser
intelligent systems - portal
- dashboard

Copyright 2014 Pearson Education

 BA ARCHITECTURE

• The data warehouse is the cornerstone of any medium-to-large

BA system.
• Originally, the data warehouse includes only historical data
that is organized and summarized, so end users could easily
view or manipulate it.
• Today, some data warehouses include access to current data
as well, so they can provide real-time decision support
• Business analytics are the tools that help the user transform
data into knowledge (e.g., queries, data/text mining tools, etc.)

Copyright 2014 Pearson Education

 BA ARCHITECTURE

• Business Performance Management (BPM), which is also

referred to as corporate performance management (CPM),
is an emerging portfolio of applications within the BI
framework that provides enterprises tools they need to
better manage their operations
• User Interface (i.e., dashboards) provide a comprehensive
graphical/pictorial view of corporate performance
measures, trends, and exceptions.

Copyright 2014 Pearson Education

• BI/BA on different
organizational level
Spread marts: the number of
independently generated
spreadsheets grows inside the
company, and the data inside each
spreadsheet is uncoupled from its
source. When this happens, the data
reflected in the spreadsheets is no
longer verifiable and is not
automatically kept up to date. Usually,
these spreadsheet files are distributed
via email to colleagues resulting in
even more copies of the data roaming
through the enterprise.

9
 WHAT IS DATA WAREHOUSE?

A physical repository where relational data are specially organized to provide

enterprise-wide, cleansed data in a standardized format

“The data warehouse is a collection of integrated, subject-oriented databases

designed to support DSS functions, where each unit of data is non-volatile and
relevant to some moment in time”
 Subject
oriented
Client/server,
real-time/right Integrated
-time/active …

Web based,
Time-variant
CHARACTERISTICS relational/mult
i-dimensional
(time series)
OF
DATAWAREHOUSE

Metadata Nonvolatile

Not
Summarized
normalized
 DW ARCHITECTURE

Data Sources ETL Software Data Stores Data Analysis Users

Tools and
Applications
Transaction Data S
T
IBM A
Prod G
I
N SQL
G ANALYSTS
Mkt IMS
A
R Cognos
Ascential E
HR VSAM Data Marts
A Teradata SAS
IBM MANAGERS
O Finance
Oracle P
Fin E Load
R Data Essbase Queries,Reporting,
Extract A Warehouse DSS/EIS,
T Informatica Data Mining
Acctg Syba se Marketing
I
O EXECUTIVES
Other Internal Data N Micro Strategy
A Meta
L Data Sales
ERP SAP Sagent
D
A Microsoft Siebel
Web Data T
A Business OPERATIONAL
Infor mix Objects PERSONNEL
Clickstream S
T
SAS O
External Data R Web
E Browser
Demographic Harte-
Hanks Clean/Scrub CUSTOMERS/
Trans form SUPPLIERS
Firstlogic
 METADATA

Data about data Needed by both

information technology
personnel and users
 META-DATA

• Business Metadata − It has the data

ownership information, business definition, and • Metadata is the road-map to
changing policies.
a data warehouse.
• Technical Metadata − It includes database
system names, table and column names and • Metadata in a data
sizes, data types and allowed values. Technical warehouse defines the
metadata also includes structural information
such as primary and foreign key attributes and warehouse objects.
indices. • Metadata acts as a directory.
• Operational Metadata − It includes currency This directory helps the
of data and data lineage. Currency of data
means whether the data is active, archived, or decision support system to
purged. Lineage of data means the history of locate the contents of a data
data migrated and transformation applied on it. warehouse.
 DATA MART

An independent data mart is A dependent data mart is

A data mart stores data: created directly from source populated from a data
systems. warehouse.

for a limited number of subject areas,

such as marketing and sales data or it
is used to support specific
applications (more common) or data
at different geographical locations.
 • Enterprise-wide warehouse, top
down, (the Inmon methodology)
TWO DATA • Data mart, bottom up, (the Kimball
WAREHOUSING methodology)
STRATEGIES • When properly executed, both result
in an enterprise-wide data
warehouse
A G E N E R I C D ATA No data marts option
WA R E H O U S E Data Applications
F RA M E W O R K Sources (Visualization)
Access
Routine
ERP Business
ETL
Reporting
Process Data mart
(Marketing)
Select
Legacy Metadata Data/text

/ Middleware
Extract mining
Data mart
(Engineering)
Transform Enterprise
POS Data warehouse
OLAP,
Integrate
Data mart Dashboard,

API
(Finance) Web
Other Load
OLTP/wEB
Replication Data mart
(...) Custom built
External
applications
data
 ETL
PROCESS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=WZw0OTgCBOY
BUSINESS
ANALYTICS
PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
B U S I N E SS A N A LY T I C S P R O J E C T M A N A G E M E N T:
A T H R E E - D I M E N S I O N A L A P P R OA C H

Business
Analytics
Process

Business Analytics
Project
Management
Framework
(BAPMF)
Data
Project Mining
Managem Techniqu
ent es
 BAPMF

• BAPMF refers to a systematic approach to managing projects that

involve the use of business analytics related activities.
• BAPMF integrates traditional project management principles with data
mining techniques used for analytics to ensure successful execution and
delivery of business analytics projects.
• BAPMF ensures that the data-driven initiatives are delivered efficiently
and effectively, while aligning the technical aspects of data analysis
with business objectives.
 BUSINESS ANALYTICS IS A
PROCESS

The business analytics is a process that is comprised of several steps.

These steps include determining the business needs, collecting data, analysing
data, making predictions, finding a solution, making an informed decision.

BA refers to a practice of analysing data for actionable insights for managers to

perform informed decision making.
BAPBF
 CLASS EXERCISE

A fictitious case:
Western Sydney University is interested in introducing an artificially
intelligent vUWS system for students. This new system should be able to
provide alerts to navigating students about their outstanding tasks, social &
study opportunities, study risks, suggestions and many more. For this
purpose, the university is keen to hire a group of business analytics students
to design such a system in consultation with key stakeholders. A
fundamental task to win this project is stakeholder analysis. Therefore, your
group is required to identify key stakeholders of vUWS system and perform a
stakeholder analysis by using the matrix provided on the next slide.
Stakeholder Contact person Impact Influence What is How Could How could Strategy to
Name (phone, email, (how much (How much Important the the engage the
address) does the influence do to the stakeholder stakeholder stakeholder
project impact they have stakeholder contribute block the
them? Low, over project? to the project?
Medium, High) Low, project?
Medium,
High)
Example John H/M/Low with H/M/Low with Maintaining Agree for Going on Monthly
Nurses & John@hospital com one sentence one sentence working union strike round table
Midwives 0298543256 justification justification conditions for members to discussions
union nurses implement
the new
reforms
Patient Peter H/M/Low with H/M/Low with Maximising Communicate Making Information
Advocacy [email protected] one sentence one sentence quality of with other complaints and feedback
group 0398763456 justification justification care for stakeholders About quality meetings
patients to express of service every 6
their support after the months
for reforms report
Sunday [email protected] H/M/Low with H/M/Low with Getting a Print stories Printing Quarterly
times m.au one sentence one sentence good story that support stories that press
Newspaper 0798323456 justification justification the new oppose the meeting
reforms. new reforms.

THIS IS AN EXAMPLE
STAKEHOLDER MATRIX
NEXT WEEK: TABLEAU VIDEO TEST

TABLEAU 5 MARK
TEST
 ASYNCHRONOUS ACTIVITY:
CASE CONTINENTAL AIRLINES

Your tasks:
1. BI Architecture
• Produce a high-level architecture for BI for Continental.
• Name the different components and specify the relationship between the
different components.
2. Identify user roles within all the application areas described in the case
• Identify the users’ goals and frequent tasks
• Develop narratives to describe user personas
• What kind of information do they need to perform their tasks?