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3 views

TQM and JIT [Autosaved]

Uploaded by

Moazzam Alee
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Presentation On :

Role Of TQM and JIT In Construction Industry

Assigned By :
Umar Waqas Abro (20CE066)
Uzair Feroz (20CE162)
Mumtaz (20CE046)
Alijan Baloch (20CE146)
Submitted To :
Engr. Sir Saleem Raza
WHAT IS TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM)?

Quality Glossary Definition: Total quality management

A core definition of total quality management (TQM) describes a


management approach to long-term success through customer
satisfaction. In a TQM effort, all members of an organization participate
in improving processes, products, services, and the culture in which
they work.

 Primary Elements of TQM


 Benefits of TQM
 Implementing TQM
 History and evaluation of TQM
 TQM resources
KEY TAKEAWAYS

 Total quality management (TQM) is an ongoing process of


detecting and reducing or eliminating errors.
 It is used to streamline supply chain management, improve
customer service, and ensure that employees are trained.
 The focus is to improve the quality of an organization's outputs,
including goods and services, through the continual improvement
of internal practices.
 Total quality management aims to hold all parties involved in the
production process accountable for the overall quality of the final
product or service.
 There are often eight guiding principles to TQM that range from
focusing on customers, continually improving, and adhering to
processes.
History of Total Quality Management

TQM history often dates back to the early 1900s when Walter A.
Shewhart introduced modern quality control. Shewhart introduced a
landmark piece of industrial work titled Economic Control of Quality of
Manufactured Product in 1931. This exposition is considered one of the
founding and basic principles of manufacturing quality control.

Another prominent figure in TQM history is W. Edwards Deming. Also


posted in Japan after the Second World War, Deming became involved
with the Union of Japanese Scientists and Engineers (JUSE). His career
work included several TQM frameworks (Deming's 14 Points, Deming's
Seven Deadly Diseases of Management, and The Deming Wheel).
Role of TQM in construction
Total quality management (TQM) is a theory of management the purpose of
which is to improve an organization’s ability to deliver quality to
its customers on a continuously improving basis.
There are several differences between TQM and
a traditional management system. TQM is a process-oriented as opposed to a
result-oriented approach, and flexibility and services rather than cost and
technical efficiency. TQM involves a more horizontal organizational structure
rather than the traditional vertical management structure. TQM presumes
that profits follow quality and not vice versa.
As a philosophy, TQM is more associated
with manufacturing and service industries, although has also been applied
to construction as clients increasingly demand a high standard of delivery for
large and complex buildings.
Although in construction, delays and defects can arise that are unavoidable, far
more so than in a more controlled manufacturing environment, the application
of TQM requires that the employee’s mindset be shifted from one of
just monitoring to continually looking for opportunities to make improvements.
TQM can be applied in construction as a way of approaching the
conception, visualization and achievement of goals to
ensure quality and productivity, with an emphasis on innovation and
new technology.
Just-In-Time in Project Management

Just in time project management- is a technique for optimizing resource


utilization. In short, JIT Project Management is about using resources only
when they are needed. In JIT Project Teams, the project manager will
allocate resources on demand.

Advantages of Just In Time Project Management

Cost reduction- Human resources are only allocated when needed. The
overhead cost associated with resources will be dramatically reduced.

“Pay as you go”: The project manager will only be pay for what they
need, as opposed to committing to what they think they need.
KEY TAKEAWAYS

 The just-in-time (JIT) inventory system is a management strategy


that minimizes inventory and increases efficiency.
 Just-in-time manufacturing is also known as the Toyota Production
System (TPS) because the car manufacturer Toyota adopted the
system in the 1970s.
 Kanban is a scheduling system often used in conjunction with JIT to
avoid overcapacity of work in process.
 The success of the JIT production process relies on steady
production, high-quality workmanship, no machine breakdowns, and
reliable suppliers.
 The terms short-cycle manufacturing, used by Motorola, and
continuous-flow manufacturing, used by IBM, are synonymous with
the JIT system.
History of JIT

1973: JIT spreads in Japan

In 1973, Japan faced an ‘oil shock’; an economic and political crisis which
emerged from export restrictions during the Middle East war.
This crisis coupled with Toyota sharing its ‘Toyota Production System’ -
including the JIT method - brought about a rise in organizations taking
notice of the automotive manufacturer’s resilience.
1977-1980s: JIT enters the United States

Starting in 1977 though to 1980, articles in English began to emerge from


Japan detailing the JIT method, which the US quickly began to adopt, as
well as other western countries
Role Of JIT in Construction Industry

JIT Delivery, or just in time in construction, is an inventory management approach


designed to eliminate waste by "receiving goods only as they [are needed] for
production processes." While JIT delivery is most often correlated with combating the
issue of inventory waste, it is also perfectly applicable to the elimination of
D.O.W.N.T.I.M.E and all of the 8 wastes of lean construction.
In construction processes, inventory waste is generally the result of unnecessary
stockpiling of materials due to over-estimating and over-ordering. But it can also
include and lead to the unnecessary use of said materials, thus translating to a whole
host of wasted effort, time, and material.
The concept of just in time in construction is derived from the Toyota company’s
revolutionary system of lean manufacturing; where production input is determined on
the basis of actual demand. As with many factory-based lean manufacturing
principles, JIT delivery is becoming increasingly assimilated into lean
construction methodologies.
In a construction scheduling context, JIT requires alignment and balance between
project items that are considered "long lead” and those that are more readily
available. As a result, specialized Supply Chain Management (SCM) personnel are
required for ensuring that all materials are present and readily available when
needed. This means that the SCM must factor lead times into the process, creating a
system where materials are pulled, rather than pushed through the process.

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