TERM FOR THE DAY!

ROGUE PLANET
AST RONOMY
In astronomy, a rogue planet, also called a starless
planet, or a free floating planet – is an interstellar
object that is not bound by the gravity of any star.
Hence, it is not part of any planetary system and
wanders freely in galaxies. These planets were either
ejected from their star systems or never a part of any
planetary system. There could be billions or even
trillions of rogue planets in the galaxy and the
upcoming Roman Space Telescope is expected to
narrow down the number.
-SOU-
LEARNNG GOALS:
• Identify the large scale and small scale
properties of the Solar System; and
Discuss the origin of the
solar system
 SOLAR
SYSTEM
The solar system is located in the
Milky Way galaxy
THE PLANETS
 ⮚ small rocky bodies orbiting
ASTEROIDS the sun
⮚ consist of clay and silicate
rocks, and are dark in
appearance
⮚ a cosmic snowball of frozen
gas, rock and dust that orbit
COMET the sun.

⮚ object in space that range in

METEOROID size from dust grains to small
asteroids
⮚ “shooting stars” enter the
METEORS earth’s atmosphere at high
speed and burn up

CELESTIAL ⮚ if a meteoroid survives a trip

METEORITE
through the atmosphere and
BODIES IN hits the ground
THE
SOLAR ⮚ any large bodies that revolve
PLANET
SYSTEM around the sun in the solar
system
REGIONS OF
THE OUTER
SOLAR
SYSTEM
-- LIES BETWEEN MARS AND JUPITER.
-- THOUGHT OF AS REMNANTS OF A
ASTEROID “FAILED PLANET”— ONE THAT DID NOT
BELT FORM DUE TO DISTURBANCE FROM
JUPITER’S GRAVITY

-- REGION OF ICY BODIES LIES

KUIPER BEYOND THE ORBIT OF NEPTUNE
BELT -- HOME OF DWARF PLANETS AND OTHER
SMALL, PLANET-LIKE BODIES

A GIANT SPHERICAL SHELL

OORT OF ICY BODIES MARKS THE
CLOUD OUTER BOUNDERY OF THE
SOLAR SYSTEM
Features of the Solar System

Large Scale Small Scale

• Much of the mass of • Most planets rotate
the Solar System is prograde.
concentrated at the • Planets are classified
center (Sun) into 2 categories:
• Planets move in 1. Terrestrial Planets
elliptical orbits, on the 2. Jovian Planets
same plane.
• All planets revolve
around the sun.
CLASSIFICATION
OF
PLANETS
TERRESTRIAL PLANETS
• HAVE SOLID SURFACE
• COMPOSED OF ROCKS
AND METALS
• CLOSER TO THE SUN
• RELATIVELY SMALL
• DO NOT HAVE RINGS
CLASSIFICATION
OF
PLANETS
JOVIAN PLANETS
• HAVE GASEOUS SURFACE
• LOWER DENSITIES, FLUID
INTERIORS
• RICH IN HYDROGEN, HELIUM
AND ICES
• HAVE THICK ATMOSPHERE
• FARTHER FROM THE SUN
• HAVE RINGS
 Period of Revolution
⮚ the amount of time it takes a planet to
complete one orbit of the SUN equivalent to 1
year..
For example, the Earth revolves around the Sun.

▪ 1 orbital revolution of a planet = 1year

▪ a revolution of the Moon = 1 month
What will happen to the period of revolution of
the planet if the distance from the sun
increases?

As the sun - planet distance increases, the length of

time it takes the planet to orbit the sun also
INCREASES.

It is due to the planet NOT BEING AFFECTED BY THE

SUN’S GRAVITATIONAL PULL AS MUCH.
❖A planet's orbital speed changes, depending
on how far it is from the Sun.

❖The closer a planet is to the Sun, the

STRONGER the Sun's gravitational pull on it,
then the FASTER the planet moves.

❖The farther the planet from the Sun, the

WEAKER the Sun's gravitational pull, and the
SLOWER it moves in its orbit.
 What is the relationship between a planet's
distance from the sun and the length of its year?

⮚ The FARTHER the planet is from the sun, the

LONGER its year..
Given the distance from the Sun, which planet
has the longest orbital period in the Solar
System?

ANSWER:
NEPTUNE
As such, a year on Neptune is the longest of
any planet, lasting the equivalent of 164.8
years (or 60,182 Earth days)
THE NEBULAR HYPOTHESIS
 THE NEBULAR HYPOTHESIS …

⮚ the most widely

accepted model in the
field of cosmology to
explain the formation
and evolution of the
Solar System.

proposed by Pierre Simon de Laplace

in 1796, a French mathematical
physicist and astronomer
 NEBULAR
HYPOTHESIS …
o suggests that the
Solar System formed
from gas and dust
orbiting the Sun.
HOW DID IT HAPPEN?

The uneven distribution of gases

throughout the universe resulted
to form NEBULA.
 As the gravitational pull
begun to condense, the gas
= towards the center, and the
speed of rotation increased,
this cause the clouds to
flunk creating an…
Nebula
accretion disk
Stages of as the growing force
of gravity happened
at the center, matter
Nebular continue to collect gas
because of the

Hypothesi increasing pressure

smatter was forming into

clamps of gas, dust and
rocks which created the.. a ball of hot gas
PROTOPLANETS As the mass further
was created at
increase, the gravity also the center of
increase. As a result, the accretion disk
temperature continued to creating a
rise.
Protostar (SUN)
❑ WHEN ENOUGH GAS was gathered at the
center of the sun, the pressure generated
enough heat to fuse the atoms..
❑ Planets continued to grow as they trap
material in their gravitational fields.
 FORMATION OF
PLANETS
❑ Because all planets are formed from the
same form of gas and dust, they travel
around the sun in the same direction and in
the same plane because of the Sun's gravity
forced them into these orbits..
The nebular hypothesis also
explained how the planets are
arranged..
▪ the heat and solar winds caused by the sun,
swept the gas giants ( JOVIAN PLANETS )
further out into the developing solar system

▪ The rocky planets nearest to the sun and gas

giants located far away from the sun.
 ACTIVITY 2
“My Planet”
This is a GROUP ACTIVITY

I. Instructions:
Paste the photographs of Venus, Earth, and Mars side by
side on your worksheet and give 5 SIMILARITIES and 5
DIFFERENCES of these three terrestrial planets.
II. Each group will assign only one (1) planet to be
presented on the next meeting with the use of Power
Point Presentation.
(Refer to the rubric of your presentation on the worksheet posted on the Google
classroom. This will be served as your guiding points in creating your presentation
as well as your score)
 If you have friends who enjoy talking about the
stars, galaxies and the universe, never let them
go. They are rare to find.
-SOU-

SEE YOU NEXT MEETING…