NERVOUS

SYSTEM
MELC : Describe how the nervous system coordinates
and regulates these feedback mechanism to
OBJECTIVE
maintain homeostasis (S10LT-IIIc-36)

Identify the parts and functions of the

nervous system.
MOTIVATION

Does being nervous

is caused by the
nervous system?
YOUR NERVOUS SYSTEM
CONNECTS ALL YOUR BODY
PARTS AND TRANSMITS
SIGNALS
FROM ONE PART TO ANOTHER.
IT IS A SYSTEM OF CELLS,
TISSUES, AND ORGANS THAT
REGULATES
THE BODY’S RESPONSES TO
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL
STIMULI. EACH PART OF THE
NERVOUS
SYSTEM HAS A SPECIFIC ROLE
AS IT FUNCTIONS AS AN
IMPORTANT PART OF A SYSTEM.
 Major Divisions and Parts of the
Nervous System
1. Central Nervous System (CNS)
The CNS serves as the main processing
center for the entire nervous
system.
It consists of two main components, namely
the:
a. Brain
This is an organ located within the skull that functions as
organizer
and distributor of information for the body.
It has three main parts:

Cerebrum – large, upper part of the brain that controls activity

and
thought.
Cerebellum – the part under the cerebrum that controls posture,
balance, and coordination.
Brain Stem – the part that connects the brain to the spinal cord
and controls automatic functions such as breathing,
digestion, heart rate, and blood pressure.
b. Spinal Cord
This serves as a channel for signals
between the brain and the rest of
the body, and controls simple
musculoskeletal reflexes without input
from the brain.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
The PNS connects the central nervous system to the organs and
limbs.
It has two main divisions:

a. Somatic Nervous System

This system is associated with the voluntary control of body
movements and has two main parts:

Spinal Nerves – the nerves that carry motor and sensory signals
between the spinal cord and the body.
Cranial Nerves – the nerve fibers that carry information into and out
of the brain stem
b. Autonomic Nervous System
This system is associated with the involuntary
control of body movements and has two
subdivisions:
Sympathetic - it is activated when the
body is in a dynamic role or stress. (e.g.,
increased heart rate and breathing, dilation of
pupil, sweating, etc.)
Parasympathetic - it maintains body
functions and restores the body to normal or
relaxed mode.
 The ACT Game!

Group yourselves into 4.

Group leader will pick a slip of paper

containing a word that you need to act.

Students take a slip and acting out the part

of the nervous system. The other group can
guess what part they are representing.
 Activity 1
Break it Down!

Procedure:
Using the given graphic organizer,
fill in the missing parts to complete
the entire concept showing the
structure of the nervous system.
 Arrange the Chart
ACTIVITY
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
COMPOSED
OF
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
MAIN
DIVISION
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
ACTIVITY
 NERVOUS
- composed SYSTEM
of cells, tissues
and organs that regulate the
body’s responses to internal
and external stimuli, it uses
nerves to carry messages
quickly.

The message of the single

nerve is in the form of electrical
signal called an impulse.
 ACTIVITY
BRAIN which serve as
CENTRAL organizer and
NERVOUS distributor of
information for the
SYSTEM COMPOSED body
SPINAL CORD
OF
which serves as
channel for signal
NERVOUS between the brain and
the rest of the body are
SYSTEM
SOMATIC connected to nerves
that make up the
NERVOUS peripheral nervous
PERIPHERAL SYSTEM system
which composed of
NERVOUS spinal nerve and cranial
nerve
SYSTEM AUTONOMIC
MAIN
DIVISION
NERVOUS which is associated
SYSTEM with the involuntary
control of body
movements
 NEURON
The basic unit of the nervous
system is the nerve cell
Impulses travel through a neuron in one
direction only.
The tiny, fingerlike parts of a neuron are called
dendrites. Dendrites carry impulses to the
cell body, which is the central part of the
neuron. A cell may have as many as 200
dendrites carrying impulses towards the cell
body. The cell body, in turn, send an impulse
down the axon. The axon carries the impulse
to the end of the nerve. The end of the two
neighboring neurons are very close but do not
touch. The tiny space between them is called a
synapse. When an impulse reaches the end of
the axon, a chemical is released across the
synapse. This is how nerves communicate.
 Neurons are specially
intended for information
processing and signaling. They
relay and receive messages
(impulse) between the brain
and the body, and within the
brain and spinal cord.
TYPES OF NEURONS

Motor neurons transmit impulses

from the brain to muscles, glands, or
other neurons in the peripheral
nervous system.

Sensory neurons transmit impulses

from sensory nerves to the central
nervous system.
ACTIVITY
 BRAIN which serve as
CENTRAL organizer and
NERVOUS distributor of
information for the
SYSTEM COMPOSED body
SPINAL CORD
OF
which serves as
channel for signal
NERVOUS between the brain and
the rest of the body are
SYSTEM
SOMATIC connected to nerves
that make up the
NERVOUS peripheral nervous
PERIPHERAL SYSTEM system
which composed of
NERVOUS spinal nerve and cranial
nerve
SYSTEM AUTONOMIC
MAIN
DIVISION
NERVOUS which is associated
SYSTEM with the involuntary
control of body
movements