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RDL2-PPT (1)

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12 views28 pages

RDL2-PPT (1)

Uploaded by

Cedrick Ponce
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BIO-INNOVATION: THE EFFECT

OF THE VARIED AMOUNTS


OF TUGI (DIOSCOREA
ESCULENTA)
STARCH TO THE PROPERTIES OF
BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC
CHAPTER 1:
THE PROBLEM AND ITS
BACKGROUND
Introduction
The non-biodegradable nature of synthetic plastic films
results in the accumulation of more plastic waste every
day and thus increased environmental risks and global
warming. The recycling of these plastics is very costly and
hazardous to humans, animals, plants, and the
environment. The utilization of natural resources based on
raw materials can help to maintain the sustainability of our
environment.
Background of the Study
Bioplastics offer a promising solution, leveraging renewable
resources to mitigate the ecological impact of traditional plastics
(Gupta & Kharat, 2020). Tugi (Dioscorea Esculenta) emerges as
potential candidate for bioplastic production due to its abundance,
renewability, and desirable mechanical properties (Ghosal et al., 2021;
Mukherjee et al., 2020). By harnessing the bio-innovation potential of
Tugi (Dioscorea Esculenta), this study aims to develop sustainable
bioplastics with improved properties.
Rationale

In this study, the researchers sought to determine how


different Tugi (Dioscorea Esculenta) starch amounts would
impact the transparency and degradability of a
biodegradable plastic.
Conceptual Framework
Theoretical Framework

Circular economy theory (2015) applied to the bio-


plastic industry emphasizes the utilization of renewable
biomass sources to create plastics, reducing reliance on
finite fossil fuels. This approach aligns with circular
economy principles, aiming to minimize waste and
maximize resource efficiency.
Statement of the Problem
1.Which bio-plastic produced has greater
transparency?
2.What is the remaining area of each setup after
being burried in the soil for one week?
3.Is there a significant difference between the
amount of Tugi (Dioscorea Esculenta) and the properties
of biodegradable plastic in terms of:
a. transparency?
b. biodegradability?
Statement of Hypotheses
Ho: There is no significant relationship between the amount of Tugi
(Dioscorea Esculenta) and the property of biodegradable plastic in
terms of transparency.
Ha: There is a significant relationship between the amount of Tugi
(Dioscorea Esculenta) and the property of biodegradable plastic in
terms of transparency.

Ho: There is no significant relationship between the amount of Tugi


(Dioscorea Esculenta) and the property of biodegradable plastic in
terms of biodegradability.
Ha: There is a significant relationship between the amount of Tugi
(Dioscorea Esculenta) and the property of biodegradable plastic in
terms of biodegradability.
Significance of the Study
Producer
Consumer
Local Community
Manufacturers
Scope and Delimitation
Objective: to investigate if varied amounts of Tugi (Dioscorea Esculenta)
have effects on the properties of a biodegradable plastic.

Time frame: The research will be conducted over a period of 2 months,


starting from March to April 2024.

Locale: The primary research activities will take place at Talisay, Lipa City
and Lumbang Integrated National High School.

Instruments: through transparency survey and soil biodegradability.

Respondents: The researchers chose 6 STEM students to ensure validity of


the data.
Review of Related Literature
Around 50% of the bioplastics are made from starch as they have several
advantages like better tensile strength, biodegradability, ease of manufacturing
(Marichelvam et al. 2019).

Dioscorea esculenta lour, also known as Tugi (lesser yam), is a slender, slightly
hairy, spiny vine that is found abundant in low altitude places. This contains 83% of
starch and 12%protein", (Stuart Jr., 2015). These qualities are good materials in
producing starch for bioplastic.

One study by Zhang et al. (2016), investigated the effect of starch content on
the biodegradability of starch-based plastics. The researchers found that increasing
the starch content in the composite material led to enhanced biodegradability due to
the higher availability of starch for microbial degradation. However, it was observed
that the transparency of the plastic film reduced significantly when the starch
concentration increased (Navasingh et al., 2023).
CHAPTER 2:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design

The researchers employed an experimental


research design, providing control over variables
such as the quantity of Tugi (Dioscorea
esculenta) starch used in plastic production.
Materials
Water
Spoon
Vinegar
Pan
Stove
Container
Parchment paper
Tugi (Dioscorea Esculenta) starch
Glycerol/Glycerin
Procedure
1.Measure out grams of starch, 60 mL of water, 5 mL of glycerin,
and 5 mL of vinegar, and combine them in a container.
2.Turn on the stove in low fire and put the pan.
3.Put the mixture in the pan.
4.Blend the mixture thoroughly until it transforms into a sticky
paste.
5.Turn off the stove and transfer the paste into the parchment
paper.
6.Allow the mixture to solidify by exposing it to sunlight.
7.Perform these steps three times to gather data.
Statistical Treatment
Frequency distribution - describes the number of
observations for each possible value of a variable

SketchandCalc - to get the surface area of the bio-plastic


after biodegradability test

Analysis of Variance - a statistical method used to


compare the means of three or more samples to determine
if there are statistically significant differences between
them.
CHAPTER 3:
PRESENTATION,
DISCUSSION, AND ANALYSIS
OF DATA
Results
Results
F
Results

We reject the null hypothesis


Results

We reject the null hypothesis


CHAPTER 4:
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION,
AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary of Findings
1. Plastic from the controlled group is more transparent
than the plastic from the experimental group 1 and 2.

2. Plastics from the controlled group degraded faster


than the plastic from the experimental group 1 and 2.
Conclusion
1. Given the result of transparency test, it could be concluded
that both excessive and inadequate utilization of Tugi (Dioscorea
esculenta) could lead to poor transparency of bio-plastics.

2. Given that there is a decrease of area in the plastics that


were buried in the soil for a week, it can be concluded that too
much starch content will produce thicker and harder bio-plastic
making it hard to decompose in the soil. Avoiding both excess and
deficiency in the use of Tugi (Dioscorea esculenta) starch in
producing bio-plastics will lead to plastic decomposing quickly.
Recommendations
1. Explore other properties of Yam Starch plastic, such as its
impact strength, flexibility, and biodegradability rate.

2. Investigate the properties of biodegradable plastics made from


alternative starch sources, such as wheat or rice starch, and compare
their characteristics.

3. Experiment with different plasticizers, like chitosan or citric


acid, in the production of biodegradable plastics to assess their
effects on the material's properties.

4. Research alternative components to starch for creating


biodegradable plastics, such as cellulose derivatives or natural fibers,
to enhance the material's strength and durability.
RESEARCH
DEFENDED!

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