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First Information Report (FIR)

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Alex Martin
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4 views9 pages

First Information Report (FIR)

Uploaded by

Alex Martin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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FIRST INFORMATION

REPORT (FIR)
> Its Evidentiary Value in Criminal
Justice.“
>Understanding FIR's Role in Legal
Processes
By himanshu solanki
llb 3rd semester
WHAT IS AN FIR?

•Definition: A First Information Report (FIR) is a


written document prepared by law enforcement
when a crime is reported.

•Purpose: To officially inform the police of a


crime and initiate an investigation.

•Legal Basis: Section 154 of the Indian Penal


Code (IPC) and similar legal provisions in other
jurisdictions.
COMPONENTS OF AN
FIR
•Basic Details: Name, address, and contact information of
the complainant.

•Details of the Crime: Time, place, and nature of the crime.

•Accused Information: If known, details of the accused


(name, description).

•Witnesses: Any witnesses to the crime or incident.

•Signature: Complainant’s or informant's signature or thumb


impression.
IMPORTANCE OF FIR IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE
•Initiates Investigation: Marks the official start of a police
investigation.

•Legal Record: Serves as an official record of the crime and


investigation.

•Evidence: Acts as a foundation for gathering and presenting


evidence in court.

•Prevents Tampering: By documenting the crime immediately, it


prevents manipulation of facts later.
FIR’S ROLE IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION

First step: gather the preliminary details about the


crime:

Guides Police Action:direct police the scene of the


crime

Leads to Arrests:help to identify the suspect and possible


arrest
 FIR AS EVIDENCE IN COURT

•Admissibility: An FIR can be used as


evidence in court under certain conditions.

•Section 154 of IPC: Only the details given by


the complainant at the time of the report can be
used as evidence.

•Limitations: FIR is not always directly


admissible; it may be used to corroborate
testimony or establish a timeline.
EVIDENTIARY VALUE OF FIR
IN CRIMINAL CASES
•Primary Evidence: In some cases, an FIR may serve as primary
evidence, especially in the initial stages of the investigation.

•Corroborative Evidence: It is often used to corroborate the


testimony of the victim or eyewitness.

•Discrepancies: A significant deviation from the details in the FIR


during trial may weaken the credibility of the complainant.
FIR AND ITS IMPACT ON WITNESS
TESTIMONY
• Consistency with FIR: Witness statements that are consistent with the FIR
are more likely to be considered credible.
• Inconsistencies: Major inconsistencies between the FIR and the witness
testimony can lead to the rejection of the witness’s statements.
• Strengthening the Case: If the FIR contains accurate, truthful details, it
strengthens the prosecution’s case.
Thank you

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