LITERATURE

STUDY
LAND USE PLANNING

DONE BY :
PRAHADEESVAR, DHARSHAN, SANTOSH, ABHISHEK
SCHOOL OF
PLANNING AND
ARCHITECTURE
20 JANUAURY, 2025 NEW DELHI
INDEX

• CLASSIFICATION
• LAND USE CLASSIFICATION
• 5 DIMENSIONS OF LAND USE
• TYPES OF LAND USE
• PUBLIC / SEMI- PUBLIC ZONING / LAND USE
• NATIONAL CITY - GUWAHATI
• PROPOSED ZONE BREAK-UP OF GUWAHATI
• INTERNATIONAL CITY – MAYPEARL, TX, USA
• PROPOSED ZONE BREAK-UP OF MAYPEARL
• BIBLIGRAPHY
CLASSIFICATION

Classification involves allocating individuals to classes (or types, categories, groups, sets,
etc.) on the basis of predefined criteria. It is the foundation for much scientific activity,
placing individuals into classes with like individuals about which generalizations can be
made. In many cases, the classification is straightforward, based on readily-applicable
rules, often associated with binary decision making: a person is either male or female, for
example.

Many other situations have no such easy rules, however, and there are no a priori clear
distinctions between classes either because of the absence of theory/empirical work that
would establish their nature and boundaries or because the criteria on which the
classification is to be made (e.g., the height and weight of humans) are continuous, not
binary.
C L A S S I F I C AT I O N - E X A M P L E
TRANSPORT
INTERNAL EXTERNAL

PRODUCTION SERVICE, STORAGE AND WAREHOUSING

LAND
INTERDEPARTMENTAL

INTRADEPARTMENTAL SEA

INTERSHOP
AIR
INTRASHOP
THE CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSPORT
LAND USE PLANNING

Land use planning is the process of managing and organizing land resources to ensure

sustainable development, efficient utilization, and the balancing of competing needs

for economic, social, and environmental purposes. It involves creating strategies and

frameworks that dictate how specific areas of land should be utilized, whether for

residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational, or other purposes.

CONFORMING LAND USE NON-CONFORMING LAND USE

Conforming Land Use refers to land uses or Non-Conforming Land Use refers to land uses
developments that comply with the current or developments that do not comply with the
zoning regulations, building codes, and land current zoning regulations but were lawful
use policies established by the local under the rules that existed when they were
government or planning authority. established.

•A residential home in a neighborhood zoned •A factory operating in an area that was later
for single-family residences. rezoned as residential.
•A commercial building in an area designated •A small retail shop in a neighborhood now
for retail businesses. zoned for residential use only.
LAND USE
C L A SS I F I C AT I O N
Land use classification is the process of categorizing land based on how it is being used or
how it is intended to be used in the future. Sustainable Land Use Planning is critical for
steering new developments towards a sustainable society, given that numerous
environmental and social issues have been brought on by rapid urbanization in the past
decades worldwide.

The limited supply of land and resources is why land use planning is critical as we
develop habitable spaces for use now and to sustain future generations.
L A N D U S E C L A SS I F I C AT I O N
WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT ?

CONFLICT REDUCTION ECONOMIC BENEFITS

OPTIMIZED LAND UTILIZATION DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIFE

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION RESOURCE SUSTAINABILITY

URBAN GROWTH MANAGEMENT CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION

PURPOSE
Land use classifications have been more the product of
expediency than of rigorous thought (Guttenberg, 2002)..
Historically in the United States, the purpose of land use
classification was based on criteria of land suitability or
conservation of resources, particularly water or to resolve
clash between industrial and residential interests. In Europe
land use classification has its basis in classifying agricultural
land to recover prices after the World War and also for soil
conservation.
 S Y S T E M O F L A N D U S E C L A SS I F I C AT I O N I N
I N D I A
LAND USE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM IN
DELHI MASTER PLAN.

USE CATEGORY ACTIVITIES

USE CATEGORY

USE ZONE
USE ZONE
USE PREMISE

ACTIVITIES

-DELHI MASTER PLAN 2001 -UDPFI 1996 & URDPFI 2015

5 DIMENSIONS OF LAND USE
GENERAL SITE DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS

It talks about what is on the piece of land i.e., Whether land is developed or not, Has a structure or not and
Permanent or temporary.

SITE ADAPTATION BUILDING TYPE

It talks about building type and representing the utility of inside space, example-hospital type building or
office building.

It provides basis for an inventory of the quantity and quality of available in a given area. It also provides a
classification of type of non-building structure.

ACTUAL USE
It tells about 'what actually takes place' on a parcel of land.

ACTIVITY CHARACTERISTICS
It considers size, range, rhythm and material effect on human senses.

ECONOMIC OVER-USE
It tells about economic function performed by an enterprise.eg - manufacturing, retail service, wholesale,
etc.
TYPES OF LAND USE PLANNINGIN INDIA
REC
TIAL REA
DE N TIO
ESI NA
R L

N
TATIO

UTILI
SPOR

TIES
TYPES OF
TRAN

LAND USE

AL
CO

RI
M

ST
M

DU
ER

IN
CI
AL

PUBLIC / SEMI
PUBLIC USES
PUBLIC / SEMI PUBLIC LAND USE
The public and semi-public zone consists of areas owned or operated by public entities or private institutions that provide
essential services to the community. These include facilities like City Halls, fire stations, libraries, schools, utility installations,
public park-and-ride lots, and similar institutional uses, all of which are critical for governance, safety, education, and community
well-being.
PUBLIC / SEMI PUBLIC LAND USE

This zoning recognizes the unique

requirements of such facilities, including
their size, technological processes, and
planning needs. Considerations like
municipal facility planning, capital
improvement programs, and compatibility
with nearby land uses ensure these
developments integrate seamlessly into the
community while addressing its needs
effectively.
 PUBLIC LAND USE SEMI – PUBLIC LAND USE

•Ownership: Public land is owned, managed, and •Ownership: Semi-public land is owned and managed
operated by government entities at the local, state, or by private organizations, institutions, or non-
federal levels. governmental entities, though its facilities are
intended for public benefit.
•Purpose: It primarily serves the entire community and
provides essential services such as administration (City •Purpose: It serves specific sections of the
Halls), safety (fire and police stations), and recreation community or operates with a specific purpose, such
(public parks, libraries). as education, healthcare, or religious activities.

•Accessibility: Public land and facilities are generally •Accessibility: Access may be limited to certain
open and accessible to all citizens without restrictions, groups or subject to conditions like memberships,
often free of charge or with minimal fees. fees, or registration.

•Examples: City parks, government offices, public •Examples: Private schools, hospitals, places of
schools, and municipal utility installations. worship, cemeteries, and community halls.
 GENERAL CATEGORIES OF PSP
1. GOVERNMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE FACILITIES 4. RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS
•Buildings and offices for local, state, or federal •Facilities that support religious, cultural, and spiritual
government operations. activities.
•Examples: City halls, courthouses, police stations, fire •Examples: Churches, mosques, temples, synagogues,
stations, and administrative offices. cultural centers, and community halls.

2. EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES 5. LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS

•Institutions dedicated to education and learning. •Facilities promoting education, history, and culture.
•Examples: Public and private schools, colleges, •Examples: Public libraries, art galleries, and museums.
universities, and vocational training centers.
6. CEMETERIES AND BURIAL GROUNDS
3. HEALTH AND MEDICAL FACILITIES •Areas allocated for burial or cremation services.
•Buildings providing healthcare and medical services to •Examples: Public cemeteries, mausoleums, and
the community. crematoriums.
•Examples: Hospitals, clinics, public health centers, and
nursing homes.
 PUBLIC AND SEMI-PUBLIC ZONE – USE ALLOWANCES
PERMITTED CONDITIONALLY PERMITTED PROHIBITED
Government buildings (e.g., city Commercial activities within Industrial manufacturing units
halls, courts) institutional premises
Police and fire stations Hospitals with specialized facilities Large-scale residential projects
(e.g., research labs)
Public health centers and clinics Large-scale cultural complexes Heavy utility plants (e.g., oil
refineries)
Educational institutions (schools, Limited commercial recreation Warehouses and logistics hubs
colleges) (cafeterias in parks)
Libraries, museums, and Event spaces in community halls Private clubs and entertainment
community centers hubs
Public parks and playgrounds Religious buildings with associated Toxic waste disposal facilities
commercial shops
Utility facilities (water, waste Private educational institutions Casinos and gambling facilities
management) (conditionally within limits)
Religious places of worship Temporary structures (e.g., event Polluting factories or industries
tents)
PRINCIPLES

•COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT: These uses contribute to a city's livability by

ensuring residents have access to essential services and recreational spaces.

•BALANCED GROWTH: Proper allocation of public/semi-public land uses

ensures balanced urban and rural development.

•SOCIAL EQUITY: These facilities are typically accessible to all residents,

promoting inclusivity.

•SUSTAINABILITY: Thoughtful planning of public utilities and spaces supports

long-term environmental, social, and economic goals.
 G U WA H AT I , A S S A M , I N D I A
Guwahati is located in the state of Assam, which Area:
is situated in the northeastern region of India.
• Total Area: Guwahati spans approximately 216.79
Guwahati serves as the largest city and a major square
gateway to other northeastern states of India. kilometers.

Urban Planning:

Guwahati's urban development is managed

by the Guwahati Metropolitan Development
Authority (GMDA), with strategic focus on
sustainable growth, infrastructure development,
and balancing public and semi-public spaces.

•Master Plan 2025:

• The latest urban development plan outlines

initiatives to manage the city's expansion, land
use allocation, and infrastructure
improvements.
M A S T E R P L A N - G U WA H AT I
P R O P O S E D L A N D U S E B R E A K- U P O F G U W A H AT I
C L A S S I F I C AT I O N O F L A N D U S E Z O N E S
SCOPE :
The Land Use Zoning and Development Control Regulations include the following:

i) Classification of Land use Zones

ii) Land Use Permissibility
iii) Development Control Regulations
• Subdivision Regulations
• Development Controls for integrated developments and individual buildings
iv) Regulations for Conservation of Heritage Buildings and Heritage Precincts

CLASSIFICATION OF LAND USE ZONES IN GUWAHATI :

The land in the proposed Guwahati Metropolitan Area has been categorized into nine Land Use Zones:

i) Residential Zone
ii) Commercial Zone
iii) Industrial Zone
iv) Public/Semi-Public (P & SP) Facilities Zone
v) Transport and Communication Zone
vi) Green Belt Zone (Recreational and Open Space)
vii) Eco-Sensitive / Eco-Friendly Zone
viii) Composite Use Zone – I (includes Residential, Commercial and P & SP)
ix) Composite Use Zone – II (includes Residential, Commercial, P & SP and existing Industrial)
P R O P O S E D P U B L I C / S E M I P U B L I C Z O N E B R E A K-
U P O F G U WA H AT I
Art gallery, museum, exhibition centre Hostels for educational institution Reformatory
Bank and Safe deposit vault Hotel Religious places like temple, namghar, mosque,
Cemetery, crematorium, Indoor games hall church, etc.
burial ground, electric crematorium Integrated township Research and development centre
Children Traffic Park Jail Residential dwelling
Clinic for pets Local, municipal, state or central government office Residential dwelling low-income group
Clinical laboratory Medical, eye and dental practitioners, clinic Residential plot – plotted housing
Club house not primarily as business Monument Restaurant, cafeteria, milk bar
College Motor driving training Centre Retail shop
Community hall and welfare centre Motel Satellite and telecommunication center
Convenience shopping centre Municipal facility Schools
Convention centre Music, dance, drama training centre Sewerage treatment plant
Court Night shelter Social, cultural and religious institutions
Creche and day care centre Nursery, horticulture and orchards Specialized park/ground
Cultural and information centre Nursing home Sports training center
Defence Oil depot Storage of processed food and diary product
Dispensary Open air theatre consumer and stationery article
Educational and research institution Orphanage Swimming pool
Electric Sub-station Park, play ground, playfield and recreational area Taxi stand and bus stand, cycle and rickshaw
Existing village Personal service shop stand
Fair ground Petrol filling station Theatre, assembly concert hall, dance and
Flood control work Photograph studio and laboratory music hall and such other place of
Forensic science laboratory Planetarium entertainment
Gas godown Police headquarter and police lines Vending booth
Green hose Police station, out post and fire station Vocational training / technical training institute
Gymnasium Post office, telephone exchange, telegraph offices Watchman or caretakers' lodges
Health centre Public library Water treatment plant
Hospital Radio broadcasting studio Weekly market/ informal sector unit
Wireless transmitting and weather
station,
Transmission Tower
P U B L I C L A N D U S E - PARKS AND RECREATIONAL
AREAS

Nehru Park Assam State Dighalipukhuri Srimanta

Zoo and Park Sankaradeva
Botanical Kalakshetra
Garden
Why Placed There: Why Placed There: Utilizes Why Placed There: Built Why Placed There:
Centrally located for ease of the natural green space around an ancient man- Positioned in Panjabari to
access by residents from available in RG Baruah Road made pond, offering foster cultural activities and
various parts of the city. to house diverse flora and historical and recreational education.
fauna. value.
Surrounding Areas: Surrounding Areas: Close
Situated near educational Surrounding Areas: Close Surrounding Areas: Near to the urban center but
to Hengrabari Reserve important landmarks such as sufficiently secluded to
institutions like Cotton
Forest, providing a the Assam State Museum provide a tranquil
University and close to the
contiguous natural habitat and educational institutions, environment for cultural
bustling Panbazar area,
and recreational area. enhancing its appeal. events.
making it accessible to
students and families.
P U B L I C L A N D U S E - PARKS AND RECREATIONAL
AREAS

Ravindra Chandmari Guwahati War

Bhavan Sports Complex Cemetery

Why Placed There: Why Placed There: Why Placed There: Chosen
Centrally located to attract Strategically located in a for its serene and respectful
audiences for cultural events residential area to promote setting away from
and performances. local sports and fitness commercial hustle.
activities.
Surrounding Areas: Near Surrounding Areas:
busy commercial areas and Surrounding Areas: Located in Silpukhuri, a
Adjacent to Chandmari, a quieter residential area,
accessible via major
densely populated area, ensuring a peaceful
roadways, enhancing visitor
providing recreational environment.
convenience.
facilities to local residents.
PUBLIC LAND USE –GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS
AND

INSTITUTIONS
Guwahati Assam District Guwahati Central Jail,
Municipal Secretariat Library and High Court Guwahati
Corporation Museum
(GMC) Office
Why Placed There: Why Placed There: In Why Placed There: Why Placed There: Why Placed There:
Centrally located for Dispur, the capital Centrally positioned to Central location Historically placed
administrative complex, facilitating serve as an educational ensures easy access to outside main
efficiency and public state government resource for residents legal services for the commercial hubs for
access. operations. and visitors. public. security and logistical
reasons.
Surrounding Areas: Surrounding Areas: Surrounding Areas: Surrounding Areas:
Close to other Encircled by other Close to historical Proximity to other legal Surrounding Areas:
administrative buildings government offices and landmarks and and administrative Located in a less
and commercial zones, infrastructure, educational institutions, buildings. densely populated area,
simplifying public promoting streamlined encouraging cultural ensuring reduced
services management. administrative engagement. residential impact.
functions.
SEMI PUBLIC LAND USE –COMMUNITY
CENTERS

Pragjyoti ITA Srimanta Guwahati Press Lalit Kala

Centre for Sankaradeva Club Bhawan
Performing Arts Kalakshetra
Why Placed There: Central Why Placed There: Why Placed There: Located Why Placed There:
location to facilitate Positioned to promote near media centers and Accessible location to foster
community engagement in cultural participation and administrative hubs for easy local art and cultural
cultural activities. heritage preservation. access by journalists. programs.

Surrounding Areas: Near Surrounding Areas: Close Surrounding Areas: Surrounding Areas: Close
educational institutions and to nature reserves and Proximity to central to artist communities and
educational institutions, commercial areas and educational institutions.
residential areas, promoting
creating a conducive government buildings.
accessibility.
environment for cultural
activities.
SEMI PUBLIC LAND USE –RELIGIOUS AND
C U LT U R A L I N S T I T U T I O N S

Kamakhya Umananda ISKCON Central Maidan

Temple Temple Guwahati (Sri Masjid
Sri Rukmini
Krishna Temple)
Why Placed There: Why Placed There: Why Placed There: Why Placed There:
Historical and spiritual Positioned on a river island Situated on a hillside to offer Centrally placed to cater to
significance, located atop for its unique spiritual and a peaceful worship the local Muslim community.
Nilachal Hill. natural setting. experience.
Surrounding Areas:
Surrounding Areas: Surrounding Areas: Surrounding Areas: Located in a busy community
Overlooking the city, Accessible via ferry, Enclosed by residential area, facilitating communal
enhancing its tourist and areas, providing easy access activities and prayers.
providing a serene
religious appeal. to devotees.
environment away from
urban bustle.
SEMI PUBLIC LAND USE –RELIGIOUS AND
C U LT U R A L I N S T I T U T I O N S

Shree Shree Navagraha

Aswaklanta Temple
Temple
Why Placed There: Why Placed There:
Traditionally placed on the Positioned on Chitrachal Hill,
riverbank, fostering its highlighting its astrological
ancient spiritual importance. and spiritual importance.

Surrounding Areas: Surrounding Areas:

Overlooks the Brahmaputra Surrounded by greenery,
providing an isolated and
River, enhancing its
tranquil atmosphere.
historical and picturesque
setting.
A D D I T I O N A L S E M I – P U B L I C FA C I L I T I E S

Indian BSNL Regional

Meteorological Office
Department
(IMD), Guwahati
Why Placed There: Central Why Placed There:
location for optimal data Positioned centrally to
collection and dissemination. manage telecommunications
efficiently.
Surrounding Areas: Close
to government offices, Surrounding Areas: Near
facilitating coordination and commercial zones, serving
business and residential
access to information.
communication needs.
SEMI PUBLIC LAND USE –COMMUNITY
CENTERS

Rukminigaon
Community Hall

Why Placed There:

Strategically located within
residential areas to serve
community events and
meetings.

Surrounding Areas:
Situated in a growing
residential neighborhood,
enhancing community
engagement.
 M AY P E A R L , T E X A S , U S A
Maypearl is located in Ellis County, Texas, in the Area:
United States.
• Total Area: Maypearl, Texas spans
approximately 1.5 square miles. Which is
3.88 square kilometres.

Urban Planning:

managed by the Maypearl City Council

The focus of urban development in Maypearl includes:
Sustainable Growth
Infrastructure Development
Balancing Public and Semi-Public Spaces

•Maypearl Master Plan 2035 :

• Managing Growth and Expansion

• Land Use and Preservation
• Infrastructure and Transportation Improvements
• Economic Development
• Community Engagement and Collaboration
M A S T E R P L A N - M AY P E A R L
P R O P O S E D L A N D U S E B R E A K- U P O F M AY P E A R L
LAND USE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
GOALS
The need to effectively plan for future development in the urban and rural areas of the United
States has become apparent in recent years. A lack of land use planning in the past has resulted in
the formation of undesirable land use patterns in many communities. Undesirable land use
situations are manifested in conditions such as traffic congestion, inadequate or obsolete utilities
or services, mixed land uses and the location of incompatible land uses adjacent to one another.
These problems have not as yet become acute in Maypearl. Proper use of land, if initiated in the
future, will result in well ordered land use patterns as the City progresses through the planning
period. The ability of Maypearl to meet the dynamic demands for land area in the future will be
largely dependent upon proper land use planning in the immediate future. The Land Use Plan for
Maypearl is intended to serve as a general guide for the future development of the city. It should
be considered flexible in nature, rather than a rigid blueprint for future land use. The population,
housing, infrastructure and land use data contained in sections of this Comprehensive Plan serve to
establish the determinants for land use projections.
P R O P O S E D P U B L I C / S E M I P U B L I C Z O N E B R E A K-
U P O F M AY P E A R L
athletic field, Family home , Shooting range,
Cemetery or mausoleum, Farm, ranch, target range,
Child care center, or orchard , outdoor Shooting range,
Church, Feedlot, target range,
rectory, livestock S Fraternal organization, indoor Stable,
place of worship , lodge, commercial Stable,
Civic center, or civic club , private Stadium
College or university, Golf course , or play field,
Community center, Golf driving range , public Swimming pool,
public Community centre, Greenhouse (commercial), commercial Swimming pool,
private Greenhouse or plant nursery (non commercial) private swimming pool
Hospital (chronic long-term care) , Health club; Rest home
Hospital (acute care), Gymnasium or nursing home,
Household care institution, Personal care home (custodial care) , Rodeo arena and ground,
Kennel (outside pens), Prison, School private/public (primary and/or
Kennel (no outside pens), jail, secondary) School,
Library, place of incarceration , trade or commercial
Museum or art gallery, Race track , Country club,
Nursery School, Registered family home , private,
kindergarten , Rehabilitation care facility , Exhibition area,
Park, playground (public), Rehabilitation care institution , Fairgrounds
park playground (private)
BIBLIOGRAPHY

1.U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). (1984). Land Use Bibliography. Retrieved from GAO - This document contains citations and abstracts of land-related documents
released by the GAO, covering various aspects of land use planning and management.
2.Government of Alberta. (n.d.). Public Land Use Zones. Retrieved from Alberta.ca - This resource outlines the Public Land Use Zones (PLUZ) in Alberta, detailing their
purpose in managing recreational activities alongside other land uses.
3.National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC). (n.d.). Land Use and Land Cover Analysis. Retrieved from NRSC - This document provides insights into land use classes and their
management, including agricultural and urban planning contexts.
4.U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2021). Land Use. Retrieved from EPA - This report discusses various human uses of land, including economic and cultural
activities, and highlights the differences between public and private lands.
5.Grafiati. (n.d.). Public Land Use Bibliography. Retrieved from Grafiati - A collection of scholarly sources related to public land use, including articles and theses.
6.ScienceDirect. (n.d.). Public Lands Overview. Retrieved from ScienceDirect - An overview of public lands, including parks, monuments, forests, and their significance in land
use planning.
7.ResearchGate. (2023). Land Use Planning Literature Review. Retrieved from ResearchGate - A literature review summarizing developments in land use planning, focusing
on optimization methods and bibliometric analysis.
8. Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority (GMDA). "Land Use Zoning." Government of Assam, India. Accessed January 1, 2025.
9. Pawe, Chandra Kant, and Anup Saikia. "Unplanned urban growth: land use/land cover change in the Guwahati Metropolitan Area, India." Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish
Journal of Geography“.
10.Das, Suman, and Nikhil Roy. "Land Use/Land Cover Mapping and Change Detection Using Satellite Data – A Case Study of Guwahati City, Assam." Global Journal of
Research Analysis, Volume 8, Issue 10, October 2019).
11.Government of Assam. "Master Plan for Guwahati Metropolitan Area 2025." Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority.
12. Directorate of Land Records & Survey Department, Assam. "Land Use Patterns in Assam." Government of Assam.
13. Hina, K., & S. Panta. (2020). "Urbanization and Land Use Change in the Brahmaputra Valley." Indian Journal of Geography and Environment, 15, 139-155.
14. Rahman, M. (1981). "Rapid Urbanization in Guwahati: Land Use and Infrastructure Challenges." Urban Studies Journal, 28(3), 267-283.
15. Bhatt, C. & Sharma, P. (2014). "Assessment of Land Use Changes in Guwahati Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques." International Journal of Applied Earth
Observation and Geoinformation, 31, 100-110.
Thank you!
L I T E R AT U R E S T U DY - 1

DONE BY :
PRAHADEESVAR, DHARSHAN, SANTOSH, ABHISHEK
SCHOOL OF
PLANNING AND
ARCHITECTURE
20 JANUAURY, 2025 NEW DELHI