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The Accent rules

The document outlines accent rules for syllables in Latin words, emphasizing that the last syllable is never stressed. It details how stress is determined based on the length or brevity of syllables, along with specific conditions that affect vowel length. Additionally, it notes exceptions to these rules, which are indicated in dictionaries by markings over the vowels.

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6 views9 pages

The Accent rules

The document outlines accent rules for syllables in Latin words, emphasizing that the last syllable is never stressed. It details how stress is determined based on the length or brevity of syllables, along with specific conditions that affect vowel length. Additionally, it notes exceptions to these rules, which are indicated in dictionaries by markings over the vowels.

Uploaded by

marryjain172
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Accent Rules

 One syllable consists usually of one vowel and one


or more consonants.

 There are also syllables containing only one vowel.

 Every word has as many syllables, as it has vowels


or diphthongs:
 In Latin words the last syllable is never
stressed! So if a word consists of two syllables, the
second from the end syllable is stressed:
á-la; lá-rynx; nér-vus.

If the word consists of three or more syllables, the


second or the third from the end of the word
syllable is stressed.
 The stress depends on the length or the brevity of
the second from the end of the word syllable:

a) the second from the end of the word syllable is


stressed, if it is long: frac-tú-ra;

b) if the second from the end syllable is short, the


third from the end syllable is stressed: lá-mĭ-na.
The Conditions of the Length:

1) presence of diphthongs ae, oe:

diAEta, amOEba

2) a) the position before two or more consonants:

transvErsus, colUmna

b) before the letters x, z:

orYza, reflExus
3) the belonging of the vowel to the following suffixes:

-al, -ar, -at, -in, -iv, -os, -ur:

vertebrALis, capilARis, caudATus

palatINus, gingIVa, fibrOSus,


commissURa
The Conditions of the Brevity:

1) the position before another vowel:

fovea, ostium

2) the position before the letter h:

contraho

or before the digraphs ch, ph, rh, th:

choledochus
3) the position before the letter combinations:

b, p, d, t, g, c + r/l:

vertebra, quadruplex

4) the belonging to the following suffixes:

-ic, -ol, -ul, -cul, -bul, -id:

zygomaticus, alveolus

ramulus, tuberculum, mandibula, bromidum


 There are also words to which we cannot apply the
rules; the quantity of the vowel is shown in the
dictionary form.

Line placed over the vowel marks the length and the
arch over the vowel marks the brevity (ē – long vowel,
ĕ – short vowel):

forāmen, vagīna

aspĕra, lamĭna

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