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Lesson-1

The document outlines key concepts in politics and governance, defining politics as the exercise of power and governance as the decision-making process in government. It discusses the scope of political science, including political theory, public law, and public administration, and highlights the characteristics of good governance such as participation, rule of law, and accountability. Additionally, it references influential political thinkers and their contributions to the field.

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4 views

Lesson-1

The document outlines key concepts in politics and governance, defining politics as the exercise of power and governance as the decision-making process in government. It discusses the scope of political science, including political theory, public law, and public administration, and highlights the characteristics of good governance such as participation, rule of law, and accountability. Additionally, it references influential political thinkers and their contributions to the field.

Uploaded by

selinaalcantara65
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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POLITICS AND

GOVERNANCE
Sir Nardz
Lesson 1: Politics, Governance,
and Other Key Concepts
 AT THE END OF THIS LESSON, THE
STUDENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

 1. Define politics, governance, and other


key concepts of political science;
 2. Explain the connection between the

phenomenon (politics) and the method of


inquiry (political science)
 3. Differentiate governance and politics;

and
 4. Explain the value of politics.
Lesson 1
 POLITICAL SCIENCE – the study of politics;
deals with the study of power in society
and government.
 POLITICAL SCIENCE - Is the systematic

study of the state and government.


 POLITICAL SCIENCE - Is the academic

discipline that deals with key issues and


concepts in politics
 The word “political” is derived from the

Greek word polis, meaning a city-state,


or what today would be equivalent of a
sovereign state.
Scope of Political Science
 1. POLITICAL THEORY – The entire body of
doctrines relating to the origin, form, behavior,
and purposes of the state are dealt with the study
of this subject.
 2. PUBLIC LAW – The (a) organization of
governments, (b) the limitations upon
government authority, (c) the powers and duties
of governmental offices and officers, (d) the
obligation of one state to another are handled in
the study of public law.
 3. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION – Attention is
focused upon the methods and the techniques
used in the actual management of state affairs by
executive, legislative, judicial branch of
government.
Stages in the study of Political
Science
 1. RELIGIOUS STAGE – the
government, its leaders and laws was
considered divine or divinely inspired
 2. METAPHYSICAL STAGE – the state

was considered as a human institution,


and it is, therefore, absolute (cannot be
change)
 3. MODERN STAGE – the state was

deemed capable of being improved by


rulers and subjects according to certain
principles and laws.
The Meaning of Politics
 POLITICS – is the exercise of power,
the science of government, the
making of collective decisions, the
allocations of scarce resources and
the practice of deception and
manipulation
 POLITICS – may be defined as the

science and art of government,


public affairs, and power;
PHILOSOPHERS
 ARISTOTLE – He wrote the first systematic
work focused on political affairs known as
the Politics that named him the Father of
Political Science.
 NICOLLO MACHIAVELLI – The Father of

Modern Political Science. He wrote “The


Prince” a handbook for rulers in the art of
government.
 PLATO – Greek Philosopher who wrote the

book “The Republic”


Other Political Thinkers
 PROF. FRANCIS LIEBER – also wrote “Manual
of Political Ethics” the first systematic treatise
on political science that gives as a well thorough
understanding of the discipline.
 1915 – the Department of Political Science was
established in the College of Liberal Arts,
University of the Philippines.
 TEODORO M. KALAW – is the first Filipino
student of Political Science, he wrote “Manual
Ciencia Politica” in 1918. “the nature and
organization of the State, the structure, and
functions of the high braches of government,
and the theory of political and civil liberties.”
The Meaning of
Governance
 GOVERNANCE – was defined as “
the process of decision making and
the process by which decision are
implemented (or not implemented)
 GOVERNANCE- Specifically deals
with power in government and how
this institution exerts power for the
benefit of the society.
Characteristic of good
governance
PARTICIPATION – The essential
cornerstone of good governance because
both men and women must partake directly
or indirectly (having representative) in
every government processes.
RULE OF LAW – Means to say that good
governance manifested through the
impartiality of fair legal framework such as
the promotion of a full protection of human
rights and dignity especially those
members of the minorities
Characteristic of good
governance
 TRANSPARENCY – Means that decision
were taken, and their enforcement are done
in a manner that follows rules and
regulations. It also means that information
is freely available and directly accessible to
those who will be affected such decision
and their enforcement.
 RESPONSIVENESS – Requires that
institutions and processes try to serve all
stakeholders within a reasonable timeframe.
Characteristic of good governance
 CONSENSUS ORIENTED – Requires mediation
of the different interests in society to reach a
broad consensus in society on what is in the
best interest of the whole community and how
this can be achieved.
 EFFECTIVENESS & EFFICIENCY – Means that
processes and institutions produce results that
meet the needs of society while making the
best use of resources at their disposal.
 ACCOUNTABILITY- is a crucial requirement of
good governance. Not only governmental
institutions but also private sector and civil
society organizations must be accountable to
the public and their institutional stakeholders.
Definition of terms
 LAW – is an ordinance of reason
promulgated for the common good by
whom who is in-charge.
 LAW – Is a written statement that limits or

guides the behavior of certain group.


 JUSTICE – is a system or process of

determining who or what is morally and


politically right; a process or result of
administering laws to provide impartial or
fair judgment.

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