ULOOM UL QURAN

Lecture No: 02
  The word ‘Ulum is plural form of ‘ilm which
Uloom ul means knowledge or science. ‘Ulum al-Qur’an,
Quran therefore, literally means “The Sciences of the
Qur’an.”
  Allah has sent for the guidance of humanity a complete
code of life, exhaustive comprehensive which was sent
down by Him in the heart of his Messenger.
 This code of life is called the Holy Quran.
Al-Quran
 Allah has said in Surah Al Hashar (193,194):
 “(O Mohammad) (SAW) this (book) has been sent down
on your heart so that you may be one of the warners.”
  The Quran has several names or titles, some of which are:
 I. Al-Quran: This is the most common name of the Quran,
and it means "the recitation" or "the reading."
 II. Al-Kitab: This means "the book," and it is often used
to refer to the Quran as a complete work.
Names of  III. Al-Furqan: This means "the criterion"(‫ )معیار‬or "the
Quran: standard," and it refers to the Quran's role in distinguishing
truth from falsehood.
 IV. Al-Huda: This means "the guidance," and it refers to
the Quran's role in guiding believers to the right path.
 V. Al-Dhikr: This means "the remembrance," and it refers
to the Quran as a source of remembrance of God and His
teachings.
  VI. Al-Tanzil: This means "the revelation," and it refers
to the Quran as the divine revelation that was sent down
to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).
 VII. Al-Noor: This means "the light," and it refers to the
Quran's role in illuminating (‫ )روشنکرنےواال‬the hearts
and minds of believers.
 VIII. Al-Shifa: This means "the healing," and it refers to
Names of the Quran's ability to heal spiritual and physical
Quran: ailments.
 IX. Al-Rahman: This means "the mercy," and it refers
to the Quran as a source of God's mercy and compassion
towards His creation.
 X. Al-Kalam: This means "the word," and it refers to
the Quran as the word of God, revealed to the Prophet
Muhammad (peace be upon him).
  The revelation of the Quran is a momentous event in
Islamic history.
 The Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (peace be
Quran’s upon him) through the Angel Jibril (Gabriel).
Revelation  The revelation began in the year 610 A.D. and continued
: for a period of 23 years.
 The revelation of the Quran is divided into 114 chapters,
known as surahs, which contain 6,236 verses and
approximately 77,000 words.
 The Quran is considered to be the literal word of God,
as revealed to Prophet Muhammad through Angel
Jibrael.
 It is believed to be the last of all divine revelations and
is the only source of Islamic law and guidance.
 The Quran is often described as a book of guidance and
is used to provide direction and understanding for
matters related to faith, morality, and everyday life.
  The collection of the Qur'an began during the lifetime of
the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).
 During this time, the Prophet and his companions would
memorize the verses.
 The arrangement of the Qur'an into its current form
Collection began after the death of the Prophet Muhammad (peace
of Quran: be upon him).
 Caliph Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was
the first to order the collection of the Qur’anic verses.
 He commissioned Zayd ibn Thabit (may Allah be
pleased with him) to collect all the verses of the Qur'an
and arrange them into a single book.
  The Quran is divided into 114 chapters (surahs) and
further divided into verses (ayah).
 These 114 chapters are not arranged in the order of
revelation.
Its Order  The order in which the chapters are arranged is known
and as the 'Uthmani' order, named after the third caliph,
Arrangemen Uthman ibn Affan, who is said to have commissioned
t the collection and standardization of the Quran.
 The chapters are arranged in order of decreasing size,
with the longest chapter (Al-Baqarah, the Cow) coming
first and the shortest chapter (An-Nas, Mankind) coming
last.
 In general, the earlier chapters are focused on the
fundamental aspects of faith.
 While the later chapters tend to be more concerned with
practical matters.
 The Quran also includes a few interspersed stories
which serve to illustrate moral and spiritual truths.
  The writing of the Quran is a remarkable feat in human
history.
 Muslims believe that the Quran is the word of God
revealed to Prophet Muhammad through the Angel
Gabriel over a period of 23 years.
Its Writing  The Prophet memorized the revelations and recited them
down: to his companions, who also memorized and transcribed
them.
 The earliest manuscripts of the Quran were written on
animal skins, bones, and palm leaves.
 The writing was done with a reed pen and ink made
from soot and water.
  The Quran was compiled into a book during the reign of
the third caliph.
 Uthman, who standardized the text and ordered multiple
copies to be made and distributed throughout the
Its Writing Muslim world.
down:  The Quran has been preserved in its original form for
over 14 centuries and continues to inspire millions of
muslims around the world.
  Firstly, it was sent as a guidance for humanity, providing
a clear path to follow and avoid immoral behavior.
 Secondly, it was revealed to correct the misconceptions
Reasons of and false beliefs prevalent in Arabia at the time.
revelation  Such as idol worship, superstitions, and mistreatment of
of the women and slaves.
Quran:  Thirdly, the Quran was revealed as a mercy and a
reminder to all people.
 Warning them of the consequences of their actions and
encouraging them to do good deeds.
  Additionally, the Quran was revealed to provide comfort
and support to Prophet Muhammad during difficult
times.
Reasons of
 Such as the loss of his beloved wife and uncle,and the
revelation persecution he faced from his enemies.
of the  Ultimately, Muslims believe that the Quran is a divine
Quran: revelation, meant to guide humanity towards a fulfilling
and righteous life, and to prepare them for the Hereafter
  The reasons and occasions of revelation refer to the
Informatio circumstances and events that led to the revelation of
n about specific verses or chapters in the Quran.

the  These revelations are believed by Muslims to be the

direct words of Allah (God) revealed to Prophet
reasons Muhammad through the Angel Gabriel.
and  Muslim scholars have studied and collected information
occasions about the reasons and occasions of revelation, known as
of Asbab al-nuzul, in order to understand the context and
significance of the verses and chapters in the Quran.
revelation:
 Here are some examples:
Informatio
n about  Surah Al-Fatiha (The Opening): It is believed to have
been revealed to Prophet Muhammad during his early
the days in Makkah.
reasons  When he was facing persecution (‫ ) وستم ظلم‬from the
and non-believers.
occasions  This chapter serves as a prayer seeking guidance and
of protection from Allah.
revelation:
  Surah Al-Kahf (The Cave): It is believed to have been
revealed in response to questions from the Jewish
Informatio scholars about the story of the seven sleepers mentioned
n about in the chapter.
the  The chapter also highlights the importance of faith and
reasons patience in times of adversity.
and  Surah Al-Baqarah (The Cow): It is believed to have
occasions been revealed in Madinah in response to questions from
the Jewish community about Islamic laws and
of regulations.
revelation:  The chapter covers a wide range of topics including
faith, prayer, fasting, charity, marriage, and justice.
 Surah Al-Ma'idah (The Table Spread): It is believed
to have been revealed in Madinah during the final years
of Prophet Muhammad's life.
 The chapter includes guidance on various aspects of
daily life such as food, drink, and commerce(‫)تجارت‬, as
well as the importance of justice and forgiveness.